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1
? ????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?
???????????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????
???????? ??????????? ???????????? ???
  • ????? ?. ?????????
  • vprokhor_at_iki.rssi.ru

??? ??? ??????? ????????, ??????????,
???????????, 26 ?????? 2007 ?.
2
????? ?????, ??????????????, ?????? ? ?????
???????, ??????????? ????? ??????????
  • ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???, ????? ?????
    ??? ?? ???? ????????????, ? ??? ??? ????
    ???????????? ???????????? ?????????, ?? ? ??????
    ???? ?????? ???????????? ? ???????????? (??????
    ??????? ?? ?????????).
  • ?????? ??? ? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????
    ?????? ??????????? ? ??????. ???, ??? ?? ??????,
    - ??? ?????-?? ???????????. ??? ????????? ????
    ??? ????, ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???, ?
    ?????? ??????, ??????????? ???????????
    (??????????? ??????? ?????? ???????).

3
?????????
  • ?????????? ??????????????? ??????? ??? ???????
    ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?
    ?????????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????
    ??????, ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ? ???
    ??????, ??????????? ????????? ????? ???????.
  • ??????????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????
    ??????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?
    ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????????????
    ?????????? ???? ??????.
  • ????????, ??? ?????????? (?? ????? ?????
    ??????????????? ?????????? ???? ???????) ??
    ????????? ? ?????????????? ?????????????
    ??????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????
    ????????????? ?? Galileo 1- 4 ??????
    ???????????? ?????? ????????? ????????
    ???????????? ? ???????????, ???????????? ??
    Galileo 1- 4.

4
??????????????? ??????? ?????? ??
???????????????? ???????? ? ??????????????
????????? ???? 5


? ?????? ?????? l 100000 ?, ? 50 ??-1?-1, ?
1.62.10-4?- ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????
?????????? ?????? ReM 100. ???? ? ????
????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????,
???????
5
????????? ????? ????????? ????????? 6
??? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????, ???
??????? ???? ?? ??????????????? ???????????? ????
???????????? ????? ??????????? ???????????.
6
?????????????? ?????? ???????????? ????
???????????????? ???????? ? ??????? ????????? ??
??????????? ????????? ???? 5
7
?????? ????
8
??????????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ? ????????
???????????? ???? ???????????????? ????????
????????? ? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????????
????????? ???? 5, 7
9
??????? ?????? ? ???????? ???????????? ????
???????????????? ???????? (???????????)
10
?????????? ??????
????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????,
????? ??? ?? ????????? ???????????? ?????????
??????? ?????????, ???????? ????????????.
??????? ????????? ??????? ? ????????????
?????????, ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????
????? ? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ?
??????????? ???????? ?????????? ????. ???
????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????
??????? ???????? ? ??? ??????, ??? ??? ??????????
????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????????
??????????????, ?? ???? ??????? ?????
?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????
?????????.
????????? ????????? ???
11
?????? ?????????? ?????? ????????
12
?????????? ?????????????? ?????? ????????????
???????0.167, ?0.14, RE 1560??, RE lt R lt
4000??
? F? ? ? F? ? HR FR ? H? F? ?
? ix ?x iy ?y iz ?z,

13
??????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????
??????
  • ?????? ?????? ?M ? ??????? ?M ?????????
    ???????. ?????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???????????
    ?? ????????, ?? ??????? ?????? ?M 0, ??????
    ?? ???????? ?????????, ??????? ? ?????? ???????
    t t0 - ?/? ???????? ?????????,
    ??????????????? 0, ?? ???? ????????????
    ???????? ?z ????? ????????? ???????? ????????
    ?M 0.
  • ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????
    ???????. ?????????? ???? ??? ????????? ? ????????
    ?M ,-arctg(0.42/0.50) , - 40 ????.
  • ? ?????? ??????? t t0 ???? ?? ?????????
    ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ???????????
    ???????? ????????? ? ???????? ?????????? (?M
    40? ), ? ?????? ? ????? ??????????? ???? ??
    ????????? ? ????? ?????????? (?M - 40?
  • ????? ?????? ????? ???????????? ?? ??????????
    ??????? T 2?/? ????? ????? ? ??? ?? ?????????
    ??????, ?????????? ??????????, ? ? ????? ???????
    ?????????? ??????. ?? ??????? ? ?????? ?????
    ?????????????????? ??? ??? ??????? ? ????. 1.

14
?????? ? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????????
?????? ??????? ??????? 1
? 1 2 3 4 5
t t0 t0 T/4 t0 T/2 t0 3T/4 t0 T
?M 0 ?/2 ? 3?/2 2?
?M ?40? 0 ?40? 0 ? 40?
15
?????? ???????????? ?????????????? ??????
???????????? ????????????? 2
? E-4 E-12 E-14 E-19 E-26
??? 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
???? 19.12 16.12 26.03 1.02 3.03
M/M 0.95 0.67 0.68 0.48 0.79
Mz/M 0 0 0 0 0
Mz0/M 1.01 0.71 0.72 0.51 0.84
Mz/M - 0.53 .6.20 1.03 1.77 0.62
16
????????? ? ??????? 2
  • ??? ????????, ???????? ? ??? ???????, ?????????
    ? ????????????? ????. ?? ??????? ???????
    ????????????????? ???????? ?????? M ????????
    ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????????????? ?????????
    ?????? Mz - ??? ????????????????? ???????? z
    ?????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? Galileo 4.
  • ?????????, ???????????? ?? ?????? 4, ?????
    ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ??????????
    ??????, ????????? ????, - ?????? 0.
  • ??? ????????? ??????? ?????, ?????????????????
    ???????? ????????? ??????????? (????? ?12). ???
    ????? ????????????? ????????? Galileo c ???????
    ?? ??????????, ??????? 2000 ?? (?????? ??
    ???????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????).

17
??????? 3
? E-4 E-11 E-12 E-14 E-15 E-17 E-19 E-26
??? 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1998 1999 2000
???? 19.12 6.11 16.12 26.03 31.05 26.09 1.02 3.03
Sign Mx gt0 lt0 lt0 lt0 lt0 gt0 gt0 lt0
Sign My gt0 lt0 gt0 gt0 lt0 gt0 lt0 lt0
Sign Mz lt0 lt0 gt0 gt0 lt0 lt0 gt0 gt0
18
????????? ? ??????? 3
  • ? ????. 3 ???????????? ????????????? ?????
    ????????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????
    ???????????? ????????????????? ??????????,
    ??????? ????? ? ????? ????????? ???????????, ???
    ??????????? ? ????. 2. ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??
    ?????????????, ???, ?? ??????? ????, ????? ????
    ????????? ???????? ???????.
  • ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????, ??? ??? ???
    ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????
    ??? ?????????????, ??? ? ????????????? ????????,
    ?????? ???? ?????????? Mz ???????????????
    ???????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ??????
    ??????????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????????? ? ????. 3.
  • ??? ??????????? ? ?????????????? ? ??????????
    ??????? ?????????? Mz, ?????????? ? ??????????
    ?????? ???????????? ??????

19
??????
  • ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????
    ?????????? ?????? ?????, ?? ??? ???????? ??????
    ????????? ???????????? ????????????????????
    ???????-??????? ? ??????????? ???????? ???????
    (??????? ?????????????? ???? 8, 9) ?
    ????????,????, ????????, ? ?????? ?????,
    ??????? ?????????
  • ?????????? z-?????????? ? ??????? ??????????
    ??????? ? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????? ????
    ?????? ????????? ? ????? ???????????? ?
    ??????????? ????????????? ?? Galileo 1 - 4. ?
    ?????? ???????, ?????? ???? ??????????,
    ???????????? ?? ?????????? ??????, ????????? ??
    ??????? ? ?? ????????????????? ?????????.
  • ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? z-?????????? ?
    ????????????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????
    ????????? ? ?????????????? ??????????? ?????????
    ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????????, ? ?????
    ?????, ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ??????????
    ??????? ???????, ?????????? ?????????? ? ????????
    ?M , - 40 ????.

20
?????? ??????????
  • 1. Pappalardo, R.R., J.W. Head, and R. Greeley,
    The hidden ocean of Europa. // Sci. Am., October
    1999. pp. 54 63.
  • 2. Stevenson, D.J. An ocean in ?allisto? // The
    Planetary report, 1999. Vol. XIX. No 3. pp. 7
    11.
  • 3. Zimmer, C., K.K. Khurana, and M.G. Kivelson.
    Subsurface oceans on Europa and Callisto.
    Constraints from Galileo magnetometer
    observations // Icarus, 2000. Vol. 147. p. 329.
  • 4. Kivelson, M.G., K.K. Khurana, C.T. Russel, M.
    Volwerk, R.J. Walker, and C. Zimmer. Galileo
    magnetometer measurements. A stronger case for a
    subsurface ocean of Europa // Science, 2000. 289,
    pp. 1340 1343.
  • 5. Rabinovich B.I., Lebedev V.G., Mytarev A.I
    .Vortex Processes and Solid Body Dynamics. The
    Dynamic Problems of Spacecraft and Maglev
    Systems. Dordrecht. Kluwer Academic Publishers,
    1984.
  • 6. ????? ?.?., ?????? ?.?., ???? ?.?.
    ????????????? ????????????? I. ?.,?. ????.
    ???????????. 1948.
  • ????? ?.?. ???????????? ??????????. ?., ?.
    ????. ???????????, 1951.
  • 8. ????????? ?.?. ,?????????? ?.?. ???????????
    ??????? ? ?????????, ????????????????? ?????????,
    ?????????? ??? ? ?????? ??????? // ?????, 1999. ?
    5. ?. 9 16.
  • 9. ????????? ?.?. ????????? ?????? ??? ???????
    ?????????? ???????? // ??????. ??????., 2007. ?.
    45. ? 1. ?. 44 58.


21
??????????
  • ??? ????????? ????, ?? ? ???? ???? ?? ??????
    ??????????????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????
    4 ? ?????????? ????? ?????? Cassini, ????????
    ???? ??? ????? ???????????? ?????, ?????????
    ???????? ????????? ? ???? ?????? ???????????
    ?????
  • ? ? ???? ? ? ????? ??????? ??????, ???
    ?????? ????? ????????, ???????.
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