CS1100 Intro. to Computers

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CS1100 Intro. to Computers

• Mr. Bailey
• Office Memorial 109
• Office Hours Tue. Thu. 1230 200
• Phone [phone]
• Lecture One day a week
• Lab Alternate days - Memorial
  213http//oz.plymouth.edu/bailey

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Lecture
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Lab
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CS1100 Intro. to Computers

• Course Content
• Exams - One every 5 weeks
• Labs One per week after lecture
• Grading
• Exams - 40
• Labs - 40 (Late labs will lose 10 per week)
• Research Paper 10
• Project 10

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You will need...
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Course Content

• History of Computers
• Hardware
• Software
• Windows 7
• Word Processing
• Spreadsheets
• The Internet
• Impact of computers on our lives

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Keep Your Work

• Please keep all of your graded labs and exams
  until you get your final grade.
• If I have not given you credit for completed
  work, I will correct your grade.

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How NOT to Take Notes
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Introduction to Information Technology
The Computer as a Mind Tool

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Information Technology

• What is it?
• Definition Information Technology (IT) describes
  any technology that helps to produce, manipulate,
  store, communicate, and/or disseminate
  information
• Computer technology
• Communications technology

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Infotech in Entertainment the Arts

• Videogames
• Downloading
• Movies
• Music
• Term papers????
• Ethical/legal questions
• Many movies use computer animation
• Digital editing

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Internet, World Wide Web, Cyberspace

• Internet
• The worldwide computer network
• Links thousands of smaller networks
• Originally developed to share only text and
  numeric data

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What is a Computer

• Originally a Person who worked with numbers
• Now a Machine

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Stonehenge
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Abacus
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Types of Computers

• Electronic
• Mechanical
• Analog
• Digital
• General-purposeSpecial-purpose

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Computer

• An electronic, general-purpose, digital computer

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The First Electronic Digital Computer

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vwGIteTE9glQNR1

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Electronic Components of a Computer
Integrated Circuit (chip)
Transistor
Vacuum Tube
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Hand-held Computer
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A Brief History of Computers
1946
1960
1970
1980
1990
Vacuum Tubes
IBM PC
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
ENIAC
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Technology

• More progress in last 50 years than in the
  preceding 10,000
• Computers partly responsible
• Computer - tool of many uses

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5 Computer Types

• Supercomputers
• Priced from 1 million to 350 million
• High-capacity machines with thousands of
  processors
• Multi-user systems
• Mainframe Computers
• Workstations
• Microcomputers
• Microcontrollers

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5 Computer Types

• Supercomputers
• Mainframe Computers
• Until late 1960s, the only computer available
• Cost 5,000 - 5 million
• Multi-user systems accessed using a terminal
• Terminals only have a keyboard and monitor cant
  be used alone
• Workstations
• Microcomputers
• Microcontrollers

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5 Computer Types

• Supercomputers
• Mainframe Computers
• Workstations
• Introduced in early 1980s
• Expensive, powerful personal computers
• Used for scientific, mathematical, engineering,
  computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided
  manufacturing (CAM)
• A less-expensive alternative to mainframes
• Microcomputers
• Microcontrollers

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5 Computer Types

• Supercomputers
• Mainframe Computers
• Workstations
• Microcomputers
• Personal computers that cost 500 to 5000
• Used either stand-alone or in a network
• Types include desktop, tower, notebooks, or
  Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
• Microcontrollers

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5 Computer Types

• Supercomputers
• Mainframe Computers
• Workstations
• Microcomputers
• Microcontrollers
• Also called embedded computers
• Tiny, specialized microprocessors inside
  appliances and automobiles
• They are in microwaves, programmable ovens,
  blood-pressure monitors, air bag sensors,
  vibration sensors, MP3 players, digital cameras,
  e-pliances, keyboards, car engine controllers,
  etc.

Discussion Question Now, how many of you would
say you have NOT used a computer today?
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Why become computer savvy?

• Know what computers can do for you
• Know the limitations of computers
• Know how computers can harm you
• Know how to solve computer problems
• Know when how to get help

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Common Computer Uses...

• Supermarket Checkout
• Automobiles
• CD Player
• Microwave Ovens
• Video Games
• Home Computers
• Check Processing
• And Many More...

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Importance of Computers

• Speed
• Accuracy
• Consistency
• Reliability
• Storage Capacity

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Computers help to

• Make us more productive
• Make better decisions
• Reduce costs

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The Revolution

• Stone Age
• Bronze Age
• Industrial Revolution
• Information Age
• Information Society

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The Information Age

• Information
• Has value
• Is bought and sold

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Computers and Information

• Computers make
• Data collection easier
• Production of information easier, faster, better
• Information available in more useable forms
• Help us be more effective

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DATA and INFORMATION

• DATA - Raw, unprocessed facts, not very useful
  in their current form
• INFORMATION - The result of processing the
  DATA - more useful to us

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How Computers Work

• Processes data into information
• Uses hardware software
• Operates by performing
• Input - Output
• Processing - Communications
• Storage

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Data Becomes Information
DATA
INPUT
PROCESSING
OUTPUT
INFORMATION
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Data Becomes Information
DATA
INPUT
PROCESSING
OUTPUT
INFORMATION
STORAGE
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Basic Concepts of Computers

• Minimal configurations of a typical computer
  include
• input units
• output units
• storage
• central processing unit

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Data Becomes Information

• Example
• Supermarket Checkout

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Bar Code Reader
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Data Becomes Information
DATA
INPUT
PROCESSING
OUTPUT
STORAGE
INFORMATION
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Basic Concepts of Computers

• Computer Hardware
• The electronics and associated mechanical parts
  of the computer.
• Computer Software
• Consists of instructions that control the
  hardware and cause the desired process to happen

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The System Unit
Power Supply
Hard Drives or CD-ROM Drives
System Board
Floppy Drive
Expansion Card
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Bar Code
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The Keyboard
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Ergonomic Keyboard
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Care of the Keyboard
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Telephone Keypad
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Monitors

• Type (CRT or LCD)
• Size
• Resolution
• Pixels

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"Touch" Screen

• Restaurants
• Hotels
• Transportation

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Special Terminals

• ATMs
• POSs

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Restaurants
Specialized Keyboard
Hamburger
Cheese- burger
Fish Sandwich
Salad
Onion Rings
French Fries
Shake
Pepsi
Coke
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The CPU (Central Processing Unit)
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The Chip or IC
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Computer Storage (Media)

• 3 1/2" Diskette
• CD ROM
• Flash drives

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Floppy Disk Drive
Floppy Disk Drive
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Hard Disk Drive
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Compact Disk (CD)
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Bits and Bytes

• BIT stands for Binary Digit
• A BIT is the smallest unit of storage
• It is either ON (1) or OFF (0)
• A BYTE consists of eight BITs

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1
1
0
0
0
0
1
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Storage Hardware

• Storage capacity
• Byte 1 character
• Kilobyte 1000 characters
• Megabyte 1 million characters
• Gigabyte 1 billion characters
• Terabyte 1 trillion characters

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Computer Lab
MINICOMPUTER
INTERNET
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Misuse of Computer Technology