Commercial Policy - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Title:

Commercial Policy

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... (NTBs) Import Quotas; Voluntary Export Restraints (VERs); Export Subsidies; Intellectual Property Rights; Health and Safety Standards; ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Commercial Policy


1
Commercial Policy
  • Commercial policy refers to any governmental
    measure that discriminates against foreign
    suppliers

2
Arguments for Commercial Policy
  • To Protect Domestic Industries
  • To Save Jobs
  • National Security and Defense
  • To Protect an Infant Industry
  • To Raise Revenue for Government
  • Balance of Payments
  • Second-Best Arguments and
  • Others

3
Tools of Commercial Policy
  • Tariffs and
  • Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs)
  • Import Quotas
  • Voluntary Export Restraints (VERs)
  • Export Subsidies
  • Intellectual Property Rights
  • Health and Safety Standards and
  • Others

4
Tariffs
  • A Tariff is a tax levied on imports. Tariffs
    can be Ad Valorem or Specific.
  • The Ad Valorem tariff is expressed as a fixed
    percentage of the value of the traded commodity.
  • The Specific tariff is expressed as a fixed sum
    per physical unit of the traded good.
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