Unit 8 Book 1

1
Unit 8Book 1

• Fable of the Lazy Teenager

2
DR Sp1
Fable of the Lazy Teenager
One day last fall, I ran out of file folders
and went to the drugstore to buy more. I put a
handful of folders on the counter and asked a
teenage salesgirl how much they cost. I dont
know, she answered. But its 12 cents each.
I counted the folders. Twenty-three at 12
cents each, that makes 2.76 before tax , I
said.
You did that in your head? she asked in
amazement , How can you do that?.
3
Sp1-1
1. What does the word that refer to?
It refers to the authors doing mental
arithmetic.
Fable of the Lazy Teenager
2. What can we infer from this sentence?
One day last fall, I ran out of file folders
and went to the drugstore to buy more. I put a
handful of folders on the counter and asked a
teenage salesgirl how much they cost. I dont
know, she answered.But its 12 cents each.
I counted the folders. Twenty-three at 12 cents
each,
The children like the girl in the text are very
poor at calculations and they can never do mental
arithmetic at all.
that makes 2.76 before tax , I said.
You did that in your head? she asked in
amazement.
How can you do that?
4
Sp2
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
No modestly educated adult can fail to be upset
by such an experience. While our children seem
better-natured than ever, they are so ignorant --
and so ignorant of their ignorance -- that they
frighten me. In a class of 60 seniors at a
private college where I recently taught, not one
student could write a short paper without
misspellings. Not one.
But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to perform even the simplest
calculations is only a memory among many students
I see, and their knowledge of world history or
geography is nonexistent.
5
Sp2-1
1. What is the meaning of the phrase such
an experience?
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
The phrase such an experience means the
salesgirls ignorance.
No modestly educated adult can fail to be
While our
upset by such an experience.
children seem better-natured than ever, they
are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their
ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of
60 seniors at a private college where I recently
taught, not one student could write a short paper
without misspellings. Not one.
2. Paraphrase the sentence.
Any adult who has got average education will feel
worried and unhappy about the ignorance the girl
shows.
But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to
perform even the simplest calculations is only a
memory among many students I see, and their
knowledge of world history or geography is
nonexistent.
6
Sp2-2
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
Translate the sentence into Chinese.
No modestly educated adult can fail to be
???????????,???????????????,????????????,?????????
??????????
While our
upset by such an experience.
children seem better-natured than ever, they
are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their
ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of
60 seniors at a private college where I recently
taught, not one student could write a short paper
without misspellings. Not one.
But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to
perform even the simplest calculations is only a
memory among many students I see, and their
knowledge of world history or geography is
nonexistent.
7
Sp3(error)
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and know
everything.
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will crash. Computers will jam.
Cars will break down.
8
Sp3-1
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
Paraphrase the sentence.
Before long his intellectual laziness will have a
serious influence on his way of life.
know everything.
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
At some point soon, his intellectual
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
9
Sp4
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a movie,
or TV series, dramatizing just how difficult it
was for this country to get where it is -- and
how easily it could all be lost. I offer the
following fable.


As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
The Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
10
Sp4-1
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a
movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how
difficult it was for this country to get
Translate the sentence into Chinese.
?????????????????,??????????,??????,?????????????
????? -- ??????????????

I offer the following
fable.
where it is -- and how easily it could all be
lost.
As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
-- The
Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
11
Sp5
Kevin dreams it is 1835, and he is his own
great-great-great-grandfather at 17, a peasant in
County Kerry, Ireland. He lives in a small hut
and sleeps next to a pig. He is always hungry and
must search for food. His greatest wish is to
learn to read and write so he might get a job as
a clerk.
With steady wages, he would be able to feed
himself and help his family. But Hanleys
poverty allows no leisure for such luxuries as
going to school. Without education and money, he
is powerless. His only hope lies in his children
If they are educated, they will have a better
life.
.
12
Sp5-1
Kevin dreams it is 1835, and he is his own
great-great-great-grandfather at 17, a peasant in
County Kerry, Ireland. He lives in a small hut
and sleeps next to a pig. He is always hungry and
must search for food. His greatest wish is to
learn to read and write so he might get a job as
a clerk.
What is his hope?
His hope is that his children will get good
education and live a better life.
With steady wages, he would be able to feed
himself and help his family. But Hanleys
poverty allows no leisure for such luxuries as
going to school. Without education and money, he
is powerless. His only hope lies in his children.
If they are educated, they will have a better
life.
His only hope lies in his children.
13
Sp6
Our fable fast-forwards and Kevin Hanley 1990
is now his own great-grandfather, Kevin Hanley,
1928. He, too, is 17 years old, and he works in a
steel mill in Pittsburgh. His father came to
America from Ireland and helped build the New
York City subway Kevin Hanley 1928 is far better
off than either his father or his grandfather. He
can read and write. His wages are far better than
anything his ancestors had in Ireland.
14
Sp6-1
1. What is the meaning of this sentence?
Our fable fast-forwards and Kevin Hanley 1990
is now his own great-grandfather, Kevin Hanley,
1928. He, too, is 17 years old, and he works in a
steel mill in Pittsburgh. His father came to
America from Ireland and helped build the
It means that he is much richer than both his
father and grandfather.
2. Why is he far better off than them?
New York City subway. Kevin Hanley 1928 is far
better off than either his father or his
grandfather. He can read and write. His wages are
far better than anything his ancestors had in
Ireland.
Kevin
Hanley 1928 is far better off than either his
father or his
He is richer because he is literate. Thats to
say, he can read and write.
grandfather.
15
Sp7
Next Kevin Hanley 1990 dreams that he is
Kevin Hanley 1945, his own grandfather, fighting
on Iwo Jima against a most determined foe, the
Japanese army. He is always hot, always hungry,
always scared. One night in a foxhole, he tells a
friend why he is there So my son and his son
can live in peace and security. When I get back,
Ill work hard and send my boy to college so he
can live by his brains instead of his back.

16
Sp8
Then Kevin Hanley 1990 is his own father,
Kevin Hanley 1966, who studies all the time so he
can get into college and law school. He lives in
a fine house. He has never seen anything but
peace and plenty. He tells his girl friend that
when he has a son, he wont make him study all
the time, as his father makes him. At that
point, Kevin Hanley 1990 wakes up, shaken by his
dream. He is relieved to be away from Ireland and
the steel mill and Iwo Jima. He goes back to
sleep.

.
17
Sp9
When he dreams again, he is his own son,
Kevin Hanley 2020. There is gunfire all day and
all night. His whole generation forgot why there
even was law, so there is none. People pay no
attention to politics, and government offers no
services to the working class. Kevin 2020s
father, who is of course Kevin 1990 himself,
works as a cleaner in a factory owned by the
Japanese. Kevin 2020 is a porter in a hotel for
wealthy Europeans and Asians. Public education
stops at the sixth grade. Americans have long
since stopped demanding good education for their
children.

18
Sp9-1
What can we infer from the fact that the factory
in which Kevin 2020s father works is owned by
the Japanese not the Chinese or people from other
countries?
When he dreams again, he is his own son,
Kevin Hanley 2020. There is gunfire all day and
all night. His whole generation forgot why there
even was law, so there is none. People pay no
attention to politics, and government offers no
services to the working class.
It can be inferred that in the authors opinion
the Japanese are the symbol of success because of
their hard work, education and discipline.
Kevin 2020s father, who is of course Kevin
1990 himself, works as a cleaner in a factory
owned by the Japanese.
Kevin 2020 is a porter in a
hotel for wealthy Europeans and Asians. Public
education stops at the sixth grade. Americans
have long since stopped demanding good education
for their children.
19
Sp10
The last person Kevin 1990 sees in his dream
is his own grandson. Kevin 2050 has no useful
skills. Machines built in Japan do all the
complex work, and there is little manual work to
be done. Without education, without discipline,
he cannot earn an adequate living wage. He lives
in a slum where there is no heat, no plumbing, no
privacy and survives by searching through trash
piles.
20
Sp11
In a word, he lives much as Kevin Hanley 1835
did in Ireland. But one day, Kevin Hanley 2050 is
befriended by a visiting Japanese anthropologist
studying the decline of America. The man explains
to Kevin that when a man has no money, education
can supply the human capital necessary to start
to acquire financial capital. Hard work,
education, saving and discipline can do anything.
This is how we rose from the ashes after you
defeated us in a war about a hundred years ago.
21
Sp11-1
1. Translate the sentence into Chinese.
????????,????????,?????????????? ??????
In a word, he lives much as Kevin Hanley 1835
did in Ireland. But one day, Kevin Hanley 2050 is
befriended by a visiting Japanese anthropologist
studying the decline of America. The man explains
to Kevin that when a man has no money, education
can supply the human capital necessary to start
to acquire financial capital. Hard work,
education, saving and discipline can do anything.
This is how we rose from the ashes after you
defeated us
2. Do you agree with that mans opinion? Why
or why not?
The man explains to Kevin that when a man has
no money, education can supply the human capital
necessary to start to acquire financial capital.
in a war about a hundred years ago.
22
Sp12
America beat Japan in war? asks Kevin 2050. He
is astonished. It seems as impossible as Brazil
defeating the United States would sound in 1990.
Kevin 2050 swears that if he ever has children,
he will make sure they work and study and learn
and discipline themselves. To be able to make a
living by ones mind instead of by stealing, he
says. That would be a miracle.
America beat Japan in war?
.
23
Sp12-1
What can we infer from the sentence?
America beat Japan in war? asks Kevin 2050.
He is astonished. It seems as impossible as
Brazil defeating the United States would sound in
1990. Kevin 2050 swears that if he ever has
children, he will make sure they work and study
and learn and discipline themselves. To be able
to make a living by ones mind instead of by
America beat Japan in war?
We can infer from the sentence that Kevin 2050 is
really very ignorant about history.
they
work and study and learn and discipline
themselves.
stealing, he says. That would be a miracle.
24
Sp12-2
There are three words of discipline in this
text (L.78, L.86, L.91). Tell the different
meanings of them in Chinese.
America beat Japan in war? asks Kevin 2050.
He is astonished. It seems as impossible as
Brazil defeating the United States would sound in
1990. Kevin 2050 swears that if he ever has
children, he will make sure they work and study
and learn and discipline themselves. To be able
to make a living by ones mind instead of by
America beat Japan in war?
The first discipline (L.78) means ??, the
second (L.86) means ?? and the last one (L.91)
means ??.
they
work and study and learn and discipline
themselves.
stealing, he says. That would be a miracle.
25
Sp13
When Kevin 1990 wakes up, next to him is his
copy of The Wealth of Nations. He opens it and
the first sentence to catch his eye is this A
man without the proper use of the intellectual
faculties of a man is, if possible, more
contemptible than even a coward. Kevins
father walks in. All right, son, he says.
Lets go look at those headphones. Sorry, Pop,
Kevin 1990 says. I have to study.


26
Sp13-1
1. Why does the boy say so?
When Kevin 1990 wakes up, next to him is his
copy of The Wealth of Nations. He opens it and
the first sentence to catch his eye is this A
man without the proper use of the intellectual
faculties of a man is, if possible, more
Because his dream makes him know the importance
of education and he has made up his mind to study
hard.
contemptible than even a coward.
Kevins father walks in. All right, son,
he says. Lets go look at those headphones.
2. Can you imagine his fathers reaction to the
boys answer?
Sorry, Pop, Kevin 1990 says. I have to
study.
27
DR Wp1
Fable of the Lazy Teenager
One day last fall, I ran out of file folders
and went to the drugstore to buy more. I put a
handful of folders on the counter and asked a
teenage salesgirl how much they cost. I dont
know, she answered.But its 12 cents each.
I counted the folders. Twenty-three at 12 cents
each,

that makes 2.76 before tax , I said.
You did that in your head? she asked in
amazement.

How can you do that?
28
Wp1-1
run out of use up or finish a supply of (sth.)
When they ran out of food, the soldiers set about
hunting for more.
Fable of the Lazy Teenager

One day last fall, I ran out of file folders
and went to the drugstore to buy more. I put a
handful of folders on the counter and asked a
teenage salesgirl how much they cost. I dont
know, she answered.But its 12 cents each.
I counted the folders. Twenty-three at 12 cents
each,
To our disappointment, our car ran out of gas
halfway home.
that makes 2.76 before tax , I said.

You did that in your head? she asked in
amazement.
How can you do that?
29
Wp1-2
in amazement with a feeling of great surprise
or disbelief
Fable of the Lazy Teenager
Aunt Sophia gazed at her picture in amazement
she looked like a teenage girl in it.

One day last fall, I ran out of file folders
and went to the drugstore to buy more. I put a
handful of folders on the counter and asked a
teenage salesgirl how much they cost. I dont
know, she answered.But its 12 cents each.
I counted the folders. Twenty-three at 12 cents
each,
?????????????,?????????????????
that makes 2.76 before tax , I said.

You did that in your head? she asked in
amazement.
All the people in the lecture hall stared at him
in amazement when he talked loudly with his
friend.
How can you do that?
30
Wp2
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
No modestly educated adult can fail to be
upset by such an experience. While our children
seem better-natured than ever, they are so
ignorant -- and so ignorant of their ignorance --
that they frighten me. In a class of 60 seniors
at a private college where I recently taught, not
one student could write a short paper without
misspellings. Not one.


But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to perform even the simplest
calculations is only a memory among many students
I see, and their knowledge of world history or
geography is nonexistent.

31
Wp2-1-1
upset vt.
1) make (sb.) worry or feel unhappy .
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
be upset by/about
Pattern
No modestly educated adult can fail to be

While our
upset by such an experience.
They are terribly upset by the break-up of their
parents marriage.
children seem better-natured than ever, they

are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their
ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of
60 seniors at a private college where I recently
taught, not one student could write a short paper
without misspellings. Not one.
??????????????
He was upset about the argument he had with his
wife.

But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to
perform even the simplest calculations is only a
memory among many students I see, and their
knowledge of world history or geography is
nonexistent.
32
Wp2-1-2
2) make ill in the stomach
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
The foreign food upset me/my stomach.
No modestly educated adult can fail to be
upset by such an experience.
While our

children seem better-natured than ever, they
3) knock over, causing confusion
are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their
ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of
60 seniors at a private college where I recently
taught, not one student could write a short paper
without misspellings. Not one.

The boy upset the glass of milk.

But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to
Her plans were upset by the change in the
weather.
perform even the simplest calculations is only a
memory among many students I see, and their
knowledge of world history or geography is
nonexistent.
33
Wp2-2(coll)
ignorant adj. knowing little or nothing
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
She was ignorant of her husbands illegal
activities. Otherwise she would have done
everything possible to stop him.
No modestly educated adult can fail to be

While our
upset by such an experience.
children seem better-natured than ever, they

are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their
ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of
60 seniors at a private college where I recently
taught, not one student could write a short paper
without misspellings. Not one.
Collocation
??????
ignorant about/of
Some people are ignorant of the facts about
global warming.

But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to
perform even the simplest calculations is only a
memory among many students I see, and their
knowledge of world history or geography is
nonexistent.
??????????
Im rather ignorant about computer.
34
Wp2-3-1(cf)
ability n. power or skill to do, make, or think
talent
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
We elected him monitor because he had the ability
to bring out the best in others.
No modestly educated adult can fail to be

While our
upset by such an experience.
???????????,?????????
children seem better-natured than ever, they

are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their
ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of
60 seniors at a private college where I recently
taught, not one student could write a short paper
without misspellings. Not one.
Although his translation is not perfect, he did
it to the best of his ability.
He lost the ability to walk after a car accident.

But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to
perform even the simplest calculations is only a
memory among many students I see, and their
knowledge of world history or geography is
nonexistent.
CF
35
Wp2-3-2
CF
ability, capability capacity
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
ability ????,???(???)????,????, ????????
?,??????,???in,for,????of doing. ??
No modestly educated adult can fail to be

While our
upset by such an experience.
children seem better-natured than ever, they
He shows considerable ability in/for
organization.

are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their
ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of
60 seniors at a private college where I recently
taught, not one student could write a short paper
without misspellings. Not one.
???????? ??,?????????????????? ??

But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to
perform even the simplest calculations is only a
memory among many students I see, and their
knowledge of world history or geography is
nonexistent.
He has found a job more suited to his abilities.
????????????????
36
Wp2-3-3
CF
ability, capability capacity
capability ?ability??,????(???)????,?????
,???of doing?for (doing) sth.???
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
No modestly educated adult can fail to be
The essay is a proof of the writers capability
of using the right word in the right place.

While our
upset by such an experience.
children seem better-natured than ever, they

are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their
ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of
60 seniors at a private college where I recently
taught, not one student could write a short paper
without misspellings. Not one.
????????????????????? ??????,capability
of ???????????capability for ??????????????,capab
ility ??????????,?ability ??????????

But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to
perform even the simplest calculations is only a
memory among many students I see, and their
knowledge of world history or geography is
nonexistent.
He acquired in eight hours the ability to drive
a car.
??????????????
37
Wp2-3-4
Its magic, I said. Really? she asked.
No modestly educated adult can fail to be
CF
ability, capability capacity

While our
upset by such an experience.
children seem better-natured than ever, they
capacity ?????????????,?????????

are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their
ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of
60 seniors at a private college where I recently
taught, not one student could write a short paper
without misspellings. Not one.
He has a capacity for mathematics.
?????????(????????)

But this is just a tiny slice of the problem.
The ability to
The auditorium has a seating capacity of two
thousand.
perform even the simplest calculations is only a
memory among many students I see, and their
knowledge of world history or geography is
nonexistent.
?????????
38
Wp3(stop blanking)
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and


know everything.
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will

At some point soon, his intellectual

laziness will seriously affect his way of life.


crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.

39
Wp3-1(f)
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
sum up give a brief summary (of sth.)
My teacher would sum up the main points of the
lesson before he ended the class.
know everything.
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
At some point soon, his intellectual
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
Alice summed up her Christmas holidays in one
word Terrible.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
40
Wp3-2(p)
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
compete vi. try to be better than (sb.
else)
John competed for a place at the school, but he
didnt get it.
know everything.
compete with/againist
Pattern
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
The young tennis player has often competed
against famous players, but so far he has always
been beaten.
At some point soon, his intellectual
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
???????????????
China is now competing with other countries for
world market.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
41
Wp3-3-1
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
accumulate
v. collect, or gather together, esp.over a
period of time make or become greater in
quantity or size
I have accumulated many books over the last few
years.
know everything.
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
Dust quickly accumulates if we dont sweep our
room.
At some point soon, his intellectual
??????
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
His debts accumulated.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
42
Wp3-3-2
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
Collocation
accumulate a huge mass of data
??????
know everything.
accumulate experience
????
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
??????
accumulate a fortune
accumulate a good library
???????
At some point soon, his intellectual
CF
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
accumulate amass
????????????? accumulate
??????????????
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
43
Wp3-3-3
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
Through the years he accumulated sufficient money
to buy a farm when he retired.
know everything.
??????,??????????????????
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
amass
???????????????,???????????
At some point soon, his intellectual
He soon amassed sufficient evidence to support
his case.
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
?????????????????????
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
44
Wp3-4-1(error)
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
affect vt.
1) have an influence on
More than seven million people have been affected
by the drought.
know everything.
cause feelings of sorrow, anger, love, etc, in
(sb.)
2)
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
At some point soon, his intellectual
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
45
Wp3-4-2
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
?? ?? ????????????
Martin Luther Kings speech deeply affected the
audience.
CF
affect , effect influence
know everything.
???????????????? affect
????,?????????????????????1)????,????????2)
??????????
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
Nothing you say will affect my decision.
At some point soon, his intellectual
????????????????
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
The small amount of rain last year affected the
growth of crops.
?????????????
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
46
Wp3-4-3
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
CF
affect , effect influence
effect ????,?????,???,????????????
know everything.
The new hairdo effected a startling change in her
appearance.
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
??????????????????
influence
???????????????????????
At some point soon, his intellectual
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
Such films have a dangerous influence on
children.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
47
Wp3-5-1
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
function
1. vi. operate act
know everything.
????????,???????
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
The machine wont function well if you dont oil
it.
At some point soon, his intellectual
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
48
Wp3-5-2
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
n. a usual purpose (of a thing) or special duty
(of a person)
2.
know everything.
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
The function of an adjective is to describe or
add to the meaning of a noun.
At some point soon, his intellectual
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
49
Wp3-6-1
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
idle adj.
1) lazy
know everything.
The boy is really idle he just sits around the
house all day.
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
not working
2)
At some point soon, his intellectual
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
Men are left idle when machines break down.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
50
Wp3-6-2
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
of no use
3)
His words were just idle threats he cant harm
us.
know everything.
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
Collocation
stand/lie idle
??
At some point soon, his intellectual
The machinery stood idle for a month.
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
51
Wp3-7-1
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
break down
1) stop working
The elevators in this building are always
breaking down.
know everything.
fail
2)
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
At some point soon, his intellectual
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
52
Wp3-7-2(coll)
Moreover, there is a chilling indifference
about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed
up by a friends bright, lazy 16-year-old son,
who explained why he preferred not to go to
U.C.L.A. I dont want to have to compete with
Asians, he said. They work hard and
destroy reduce or be reduced to pieces
3)
They broke the door down.
Collocation
know everything.
break away
??,??
In fact, this young man will have to compete
with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot
live forever on the financial, material and human
capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some
point soon, his intellectual laziness will
seriously affect his way of life. It will also
affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state
cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor
force. Planes will
??,????????
break in
??,????
break into
At some point soon, his intellectual
??,??????,??
break out
laziness will seriously affect his way of life.
??
break through
break up
crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.
??????(??)????
53
Wp4
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a
movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how
difficult it was for this country to get





I offer the following
fable.
where it is -- and how easily it could all be
lost.
As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
-- The
Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
54
Wp4-1
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a
movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how
difficult it was for this country to get
drive home make (sth.) clear so that people

understand it
drive sth. home (to sb.)
Pattern

I offer the following
fable.
where it is -- and how easily it could all be
lost.
He drove the point home with another quotation.
As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
-- The
????????????????
We must drive home to him where the difficulties
lie.
Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
Peter was lazy. His parents tried to drive home
to him the importance of hard work.
55
Wp4-2-1
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a
movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how
difficult it was for this country to get
humble adj.
1) not proud modest
Frank strikes me as a very humble person.

I offer the following
fable.
where it is -- and how easily it could all be
lost.
As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
-- The
Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
The doctor was humble about his work, although he
cured many people.
56
Wp4-2-2
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a
movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how
difficult it was for this country to get
2) low in rank or position unimportant
Michael started his career as a humble fisherman.

I offer the following
fable.
where it is -- and how easily it could all be
lost.
As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
-- The
Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
57
Wp4-3-1
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a
movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how
difficult it was for this country to get
suggestion n. sth. suggested

I offer the following
fable.
where it is -- and how easily it could all be
lost.
???????by/for?that-clause??that-clause?,??????
???
NB
As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
-- The
I have lots of suggestions for the parks future.
They didnt like my suggestion that she share the
room with her classmate.
Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
58
Wp4-3-2
Collocation
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a
movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how
difficult it was for this country to get
advance/make/offer/put forward a suggestion
????
ask for/call for/invite suggestions

I offer the following
fable.
where it is -- and how easily it could all be
lost.
????
???????
act on a suggestion
As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
-- The
????
adopt a suggestion
????
reject a suggestion
a suggestion about/concerning
Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
???????
???????
at sbs suggestion
59
Wp4-3-3
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a
movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how
difficult it was for this country to get
At my suggestion we went on a picnic.

I offer the following
fable.
where it is -- and how easily it could all be
lost.
CF
As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
-- The
This is merely a suggestion.
Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
??????(?)???
60
Wp4-3-4
To drive this message home to such young
Americans, I have a humble suggestion a
movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how
difficult it was for this country to get
CF

I offer the following
fable.
where it is -- and how easily it could all be
lost.
As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley
1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is
sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents
insist he study for his European history test. He
wants to go shopping for headphones for his
portable CD player. The book he is forced to read
-- The
You should follow the doctors advice and give up
smoking.
??????????,?????
opinion
?????????,?????
Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.
He showed me a poem he had written and asked my
opinion about it.
??????????,???????
61
Wp5
Kevin dreams it is 1835, and he is his own
great-great-great-grandfather at 17, a peasant in
County Kerry, Ireland. He lives in a small hut
and sleeps next to a pig. He is always hungry and
must search for food. His greatest wish is to
learn to read and write so he might get a job as
a clerk.

With steady wages, he would be able to feed
himself and help his family. But Hanleys
poverty allows no leisure for such luxuries as
going to school. Without education and money, he
is powerless. His only hope lies in his children.
If they are educated, they will have a better
life.

His only hope lies in his children.
62
Wp5-1
Kevin dreams it is 1835, and he is his own
great-great-great-grandfather at 17, a peasant in
County Kerry, Ireland. He lives in a small hut
and sleeps next to a pig. He is always hungry and
must search for food. His greatest wish is to
learn to read and write so he might get a job as
a clerk.
search for look for
Many planes and ships were sent to search the
South Sea for the missing Chinese pilot.
????????????
With steady wages, he would be able to feed
himself and help his family. But Hanleys
poverty allows no leisure for such luxuries as
going to school. Without education and money, he
is powerless. His only hope lies in his children.
If they are educated, they will have a better
life.
The police were searching the house for a hidden
weapon.
His only hope lies in his children.
63
Wp5-2-1
Kevin dreams it is 1835, and he is his own
great-great-great-grandfather at 17, a peasant in
County Kerry, Ireland. He lives in a small hut
and sleeps next to a pig. He is always hungry and
must search for food. His greatest wish is to
learn to read and write so he might get a job as
a clerk.
luxury n.

• a pleasant thing that is expensive, but
  not
• necessary (used as a countable noun)

With steady wages, he would be able to feed
himself and help his family. But Hanleys
poverty allows no leisure for such luxuries as
going to school. Without education and money, he
is powerless. His only hope lies in his children.
If they are educated, they will have a better
life.
Champagne is a luxury they can no longer afford.
His only hope lies in his children.
????????????
We cant afford to spend money on luxuries.
64
Wp5-2-2
Kevin dreams it is 1835, and he is his own
great-great-great-grandfather at 17, a peasant in
County Kerry, Ireland. He lives in a small hut
and sleeps next to a pig. He is always hungry and
must search for food. His greatest wish is to
learn to read and write so he might get a job as
a clerk.
2) great comfort, as provided by wealth (used
as an uncountable noun)
She was brought up in an atmosphere of luxury and
wealth.
With steady wages, he would be able to feed
himself and help his family. But Hanleys
poverty allows no leisure for such luxuries as
going to school. Without education and money, he
is powerless. His only hope lies in his children.
If they are educated, they will have a better
life.
He took over his fathers company and led a life
of luxury.
His only hope lies in his children.
65
Wp5-2-3
Kevin dreams it is 1835, and he is his own
great-great-great-grandfather at 17, a peasant in
County Kerry, Ireland. He lives in a small hut
and sleeps next to a pig. He is always hungry and
must search for food. His greatest wish is to
learn to read and write so he might get a job as
a clerk.
Collocation
??
enjoy (a) luxury
??????
afford a luxury
??????????
pure/sheer luxury
?????
unaccustomed luxury
With steady wages, he would be able to feed
himself and help his family. But Hanleys
poverty allows no leisure for such luxuries as
going to school. Without education and money, he
is powerless. His only hope lies in his children.
If they are educated, they will have a better
life.
in luxury
???
His only hope lies in his children.
They wallowed in luxury.
????????????
66
Wp6
Our fable fast-forwards and Kevin Hanley 1990
is now his own great-grandfather, Kevin Hanley,
1928. He, too, is 17 years old, and he works in a
steel mill in Pittsburgh. His father came to
America from Ireland and helped build the
New York City subway. Kevin Hanley 1928 is far
better off than either his father or his
grandfather. He can read and write. His wages are
far better than anything his ancestors had in
Ireland.
Kevin

Hanley 1928 is far better off than either his
father or his
grandfather.
67
Wp6-1
Our fable fast-forwards and Kevin Hanley 1990
is now his own great-grandfather, Kevin Hanley,
1928. He, too, is 17 years old, and he works in a
steel mill in Pittsburgh. His father came to
America from Ireland and helped build the
better off richer than you were before more
comfortable
New York City subway. Kevin Hanley 1928 is far
better off than either his father or his
grandfather. He can read and write. His wages are
far better than anything his ancestors had in
Ireland.
Kevin
Hanley 1928 is far better off than either his
father or his
Nowadays Chinese people are better off than they
used to be.
grandfather.
Its obvious that those who work hard are
better off than those who dont.
68
Wp7
Next Kevin Hanley 1990 dreams that he is
Kevin Hanley 1945, his own grandfather, fighting
on Iwo Jima against a most determined foe, the
Japanese army. He is
always hot, always hungry, always scared. One
night in a foxhole, he tells a friend why he is
there So my son and his son can live in peace
and security. When I get back, Ill work hard and
send my boy to college so he can live by his
brains instead of his back.

69
Wp7-1
Next Kevin Hanley 1990 dreams that he is
Kevin Hanley 1945, his own grandfather, fighting
on Iwo Jima against a most determined foe, the
Japanese army. He is
scared adj. frightened (often followed by
of/ to /that-clause)
always hot, always hungry, always scared. One
night in a foxhole, he tells a friend why he is
there So my son and his son can live in peace
and security. When I get back, Ill work hard and
send my boy to college so he can live by his
brains instead of his back.
Theyre scared of making a fool of
themselves.
???????????????
Im scared to fly in a plane. Im scared that it
might crash.
70
Wp10
The last person Kevin 1990 sees in his dream
is his own grandson. Kevin 2050 has no useful
skills. Machines built in
Japan do all the complex work, and there is
little manual work to be done. Without education,
without discipline, he cannot earn an adequate
living wage. He lives in a slum where there is no
heat, no plumbing, no privacy and survives by
searching through


trash piles.
71
Wp10-1
The last person Kevin 1990 sees in his dream
is his own grandson. Kevin 2050 has no useful
skills. Machines built in
Japan do all the complex work, and there is
little manual work to be done. Without education,
without discipline, he cannot earn an adequate
living wage. He lives in a slum where there is no
heat, no plumbing, no privacy and survives by
searching through
complex adj.
1) difficult to understand or explain
Her political ideas were too complex to get
support from ordinary people.
The problem was so complex that there would be no
easy solution.
trash piles.
consisting of many closely connected parts
2)
When I visited Shanghai for the first time I got
lost in the rather complex network of roads.
72
Wp10-2-1
The last person Kevin 1990 sees in his dream
is his own grandson. Kevin 2050 has no useful
skills. Machines built in
adequate adj. enough (often followed by
infinitive to or for)
Japan do all the complex work, and there is
little manual work to be done. Without education,
without discipline, he cannot earn an adequate
living wage. He lives in a slum where there is no
heat, no plumbing, no privacy and survives by
searching through
Is the transport system adequate to deliver the
food to remote areas?
Her knowledge of English was adequate for the
job.
CF
trash piles.
For the use of beginners, the book is adequate.
???????,????????
73
Wp10-2-2
The last person Kevin 1990 sees in his dream
is his own grandson. Kevin 2050 has no useful
skills. Machines built in
Japan do all the complex work, and there is
little manual work to be done. Without education,
without discipline, he cannot earn an adequate
living wage. He lives in a slum where there is no
heat, no plumbing, no privacy and survives by
searching through
CF
Are there enough apples for everyone?
?????????
sufficient
???enough?????,??????,???????
trash piles.
Fill in the blanks with the above words. 1) We
havent got ________ information from which
to draw a conclusion. 2) The pianist gave an
________ performance. 3) There is _________food
for six people. 4) I hope you will prove
_________ to the job.
sufficient

adequate

enough

adequate

74
Wp11
In a word, he lives much as Kevin Hanley 1835
did in Ireland. But one day, Kevin Hanley 2050 is
befriended by a visiting Japanese anthropologist
studying the decline of America. The man explains
to Kevin that when a man has no money, education
can supply the human capital necessary to start
to acquire financial capital. Hard work,
education, saving and discipline can do anything.
This is how we rose from the ashes after you
defeated us

The man explains to Kevin that when a man has
no money, education can supply the human capital
necessary to start to acquire financial capital.

in a war about a hundred years ago.
75
Wp11-1-1
In a word, he lives much as Kevin Hanley 1835
did in Ireland. But one day, Kevin Hanley 2050 is
befriended by a visiting Japanese anthropologist
studying the decline of America. The man explains
to Kevin that when a man has no money, education
can supply the human capital necessary to start
to acquire financial capital. Hard work,
education, saving and discipline can do anything.
This is how we rose from the ashes after you
defeated us
decline
n. a gradual decrease in the quality,
quantity, or imp