Unit 1 Great Scientists

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Unit 1 Great Scientists
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Warming up
What do you know about great scientists? Try
the quiz on P1 and find out who knows the most.
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1.Which scientist discovered that objects in
water are lifted up by a force that helps them
float?
Archimedes (287-212 BC) an ancient Greek
mathematician physicist
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2.Who wrote a book explaining how animals and
plants developed as the environment changed?
Charles Darwin (1808-1882) British author
of The Origin of Species
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3.Who invented the first steam engine?
Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) British, improved the
first steam pump and turned it into a steam
engine for taking water out of mines in 1712.
James Watt improved it and turned it into the
first modern steam engine used on the railways.
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4.Who used peas to show how physical
characteristics are passed from parents to their
children?
Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) Czech
(???)
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5.Who discovered radium?
Marie Curie (1867-1934) (Polish and French, won
two Nobel Prizes)
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6.Who invented the way of giving electricity to
everybody in large cities?
Thomas Edison (1847-1931) an American inventor
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7.Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to
improve his painting of people?

Mona Lisa
Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) Italian artist
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8.Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe
underground?
Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829)British
Miniature Miner's Safety Lamp
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9.Who invented the earliest instrument to tell
people where earthquakes happened?
Zhang Heng (78-139) Chinese, invented seismograph
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10.Who put forward a theory about black holes?
Stephen Hawking (1942--) a British astronomer
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1.Do you know about SARS?
It is a kind of terrible infectious disease,
which killed many people.
2.Do you know about cholera?
It is a kind of terrible infectious disease
caused by drinking dirty water and it caused a
lot of deaths in the old times and it was very
difficult to defeat.
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But John Snow, a well-known doctor in the 19th
century in London, defeated King Cholera.
Lets get to know how Dr. John Snow defeated
King Cholera in
John Snow Defeats King Cholera
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 For his persistent efforts to determine how
cholera was spread and for the statistical
mapping methods he initiated, John Snow is widely
considered to be the father of epidemiology(????).
"
John Snow (1813 - 1854)
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John Snow Defeats King Cholera

• Why couldn't cholera be controlled at first?
• Its cause was not understood
• Its cure was not understood
• Neither its cause nor its cure was
  understood

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First Reading (in 10 minutes) Write down the
main idea of each paragraph Para 1 Para
2 Para 3 Para 4
John Snow was a famous doctor in London and he
was kind enough to help the ordinary people with
cholera.
John Snow was interested in two theories about
cholera.
John Snow collected information to test the two
theories.
The map showed that the polluted water might be
the reason for cholera.
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Para 5 Para 6 Para 7
The reason for cholera was that the source of the
water(??) was polluted.
John Snow was sure enough that polluted water
carried the disease of cholera.
John Snow suggested how to prevent cholera from
happening again.
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John Snow Defeats King Cholera
The passage is written as a report of an
experiment and there are 7 steps
1.Find a problem 2.Make up a question 3.Think
of a method 4.Collect results 5.Analyse
results 6.Repeat if necessary 7.Draw a
conclusion
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John Snow Defeats King Cholera
Steps What/How?
1.Find a problem
2.Make up a question
3.Think of a method
4.collect results
What causes cholera?
Which theory is correct?
Collect information on those who were ill or died
and where they got their water
Mark information on a map to find out where
people died or did not die
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Analyse the water to see if that is the cause of
the illness
5.Analyse results
6.Repeat if necessary
7.Make a conclusion
Find other evidence to make sure the conclusion
The water is to blame. The source of all drinking
water should be examined.