Warm Up/Homework

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Warm Up/Homework

• What is the difference between structure and
  function?
• Homework QUIZ on Vocabulary from pages 60-75
• IB Word of the Week THINKER Can you connect
  what you thing you know

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What is the difference between structure and
function?

• Structure makes reference to how something is
  made (materials its made of/how it looks
• Function makes reference to what a particular
  thing DOES! Function is the item job or role

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Cells

• S7L2 Students will describe the structure and
  function of cells, tissues, organs, and organ
  systems.
• .
• b. Relate cell structures (cell membrane,
  nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria)
  to basic cell functions.
• c. Explain that cells are organized into tissues,
  tissues into organs, organs into systems, and
  systems into organisms.
• d. Explain that tissues, organs, and organ
  systems serve the needs cells have for oxygen,
  food, and waste removal.

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Cells

• All Living things have certain characteristics
• Use Energy
• Cellular Organization
• Unicellular or Multicellular
• Contain Similar Chemicals
• Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids

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Cells Its Alive!

• Grow and Develop
• Development is the process of change that occurs
  during an organisms life, makes a more complex
  organism
• Respond to Their Surroundings
• Stimulus
• Response
• Can Reproduce

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Cells

• There are some basic needs that all living things
  have
• Energy
• Autotroph an organism that makes its own food
• Heterotroph an organism that can not make its
  own food
• Water
• Living Space
• Stable Internal Conditions
• Homeostasis the maintenance of stable internal
  conditions despite the changes in the
  surroundings.

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Cells

• Cell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells
• Cells are the basic unit and structure and
  function of all living things
• All cells are produced by other cells.

• Spontaneous Generation
• The mistaken idea that living things arise from
  nonliving sources.

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Cells Its Alive!

• What is the difference between the Cell Wall and
  the Cell Membrane?
• Cell Wall
• Cell Membrane

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Cells Its Alive!

• What is the function of the cell wall?
• The cell wall has a rigid layer of nonliving
  material that surrounds the cell of plants and
  some other organisms.
• The cell wall helps protect the cell and give it
  structure and support.

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Cells Its Alive!

• What is the Cell Membrane?
• In some organisms, once you pass through the cell
  wall there next structure is the cell membrane.
• The cell membrane is the gatekeeper of the
  cell it regulates what materials enter and exit
  the cell.

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Describe the Cell Membrane

• Cell membranes contain lipids, proteins and
  phospholipids.
• Some of the proteins and lipids control the
  movement of items in or out of the cell
• Cell membrane has 2 layers of lipids
• Hydrophobic- inner part, contain lipid tails that
  are water fearing
• Hydrophilic- Phospholipid head water loving

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Cells Its Alive!

• What significant role does the nucleus play?
• The nucleus is the control center of the cell
  or perhaps the brain of the cell.
• The nucleus directs all the activities of the
  cell.
• The nucleus is also where genetic material can be
  found. (DNA an RNA)

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Explain the structure of the Nucleus

• The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that
  contains the cells DNA. DNA contains the
  information on how to make a cells proteins.
• Messages for how to make proteins are copied
  from the DNA. These messages are then sent out of
  the nucleus through the membranes.
• The nucleus is covered by two membranes.
  Materials cross this double membrane through
  pores.

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Ribosomes

• Organelles that make proteins are called
  ribosomes. Unlike most organelles, ribosomes are
  not covered by a membrane.
• Proteins are made of organic molecules called
  amino acids. All cells need proteins to live. All
  cells have ribosomes.

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Endoplasmic Rectiuculum

• The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a system of
  folded membranes in which proteins, lipids, and
  other materials are made.
• The ER is part of the internal delivery system
  of the cell. Substances move through the ER to
  different places in the cell.

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Endoplasmic Rectiuculum

• Endoplasmic reticulum is either rough ER or
  smooth ER.
• The part of the ER covered in ribosomes is rough
  ER.
• ER that lacks ribosomes is smooth ER.

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What is the function and structure of the
Mitochondria

• A mitochondrion is the organelle in which sugar
  is broken down to produce energy. Mitochondria
  are the main power source of a cell.
• Mitochondria are covered by two membranes, as
  shown at right.

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What is the function of Chloroplast

• Chloroplasts are organelles in plant and algae
  cells in which photosynthesis takes place.
• Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and
  algae use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to
  make sugar and oxygen.

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Chloroplasts

• Chloroplasts are covered by two membranes, as
  shown at right.

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Describe the function of the Golgi Complex

• The organelle that packages and distributes
  proteins is called the Golgi complex. The Golgi
  complex modifies lipids and proteins to do
  different jobs.

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Golgi Complex

• Final products are enclosed in a piece of the
  Golgi complex membrane, which pinches off to form
  a small bubble.