Phoenix Aerospace

1
Structures and Weights Preliminary Design Review

• Phoenix Aerospace Structures Team
• Jamie Allen
• Andy Wiratama

2
Objectives

• Material Properties
• V-n Diagram
• Wing Loading Analysis
• Weight Breakdown
• CG Locations
• Wing Layout
• Analysis and Testing
• Landing Gear

3
Material Properties

• note properties are approximate values for
  average materials, and most are not true
  constants

4
V-n Diagram
5
Wing Loading Analysis

• MATLAB Code is used to determine
• Wing loading using Schrenks approximation
  (Raymer)
• Trapezoidal Approximation
• Elliptical Approximation
• Shear force
• Moment
• Centroids

6
Wing Loading Analysis

• Front Wing Loading Rear Wing Loading

7
Wing Loading Analysis

• Front Wing Shear Force Rear Wing Shear
  Force
• Shear Force decreases as it moves away from the
  root to the tip

8
Wing Loading Analysis

• Front Wing Moment Rear Wing Moment
• Moment about the longitudinal direction
• Small wing load distribution at tip leads to
  small moment at the tip

9
Weight Breakdown
10
CG Locations
X measured from nose to tail (roll axis) Y
measured spanwise from center of fuselage (pitch
axis) Z measured vertically from bottom of
fuselage (yaw axis)
CG x31.37 in. y0 z3.32 in.

• Simplifying Assumptions
• Symmetric
• Rectangular sections using root chord
• Wings as flat plates

11
Wing Layout

• Shaped using foam
• Rectangular spars (caps) located around
  quarter-chord
• Spar towards trailing edge to support control
  surfaces
• Monokote used to strengthen and smooth surface
• Depending on testing, may add stringers or other
  strengtheners

12
Analysis and Testing

• Fuselage design
• Wing layout (program for spar sizing)
• Wing deflection calculations
• ViSTA analysis
• Construct scaled-down wing
• Sandbag loading test

13
Landing Gear

• Taildragger configuration
• Buy pre-designed gear
• Tip-over analysis
• Sizing for gear (trade study)
• diagram from Raymer