Biological

1
Biological and Bioorganic Chemistry
2
Meet the Lecturer
Dr. Denis Svechkarev, PhD in Organic
Chemistry Associate Professor, Department of
Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharkov
V. N. Karazin National University Senior
Researcher, Department of Physical Organic
Chemistry, Institute for Chemistry at Kharkov V.
N. Karazin National University
3
Simple way to success
Respect the subject, as well as those who are
working to improve your knowledge. Attend the
lectures this is your main source of
knowledge. Take good, concise lecture
notes. Use of cell phones in the lecture room or
lab is strictly prohibited! If you need to make a
call wait until the end of the class. If its
really urgent leave the room, make a call and
then come back. I will not tolerate with any
demonstration of disrespect or any violation of
discipline!
4
Some useful material
niichem.univer.kharkov.ua/physorg chemlaba.wordpre
ss.com
5
What shall we do?
Introduction to organic and biological chemistry.
Classes and nomenclature of organic compounds.
Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. SR and
AdE reactions.
Feb 14
Aromatic hydrocarbons. Orientation in the
aromatic ring. Halogen derivatives of
hydrocarbons. SN reacions. Alcohols, ethers.
Polyhydric alcohols.
Feb 21
Feb 28
Carbonyl compounds aldehydes and ketones.
Carbohydrates.
Carboxylic acids and their derivatives amides,
nitriles, anhydrides. Esters, fats.
Mar 7
Amines, aminoacids, peptides. Heterocyclic
compounds and their biological activity.
Mar 14
6
Main principles of organic chemistry
7
Organic vs. Inorgaic
8
Power of life and vitalism
AgNCO NH4Cl ? (NH2)2CO AgCl
9
Theory of chemical structure
Alexander Butlerov Eminent Russian chemist, one
of the founders of the theory of chemical
structure. First scientist to introduce double
bonds in structural formulae.
10
Intermediate particles
11
Classification of organic compounds
12
Classification of organic compounds

• Halogen derivatives
• Oxygen-containing
• Alcohols ethers
• Aldehydes ketones
• Carboxylic acids esters
• Nitrogen-containing
• Amines
• Nitriles
• Mixed
• Aminoacids
• Peptides
• Nitro compounds

13
Alkanes
14
Structure and formulae
15
Naming alkanes
CnH2n2
16
Naming branched-chain alkanes
17
Isomerism of alkanes
18
(No Transcript)
19
How to obtain alkanes
20
Chemical properties of alkanes
21
Chemical properties of alkanes
22
Radical substitution - SR
23
Cycloalkanes
CnH2n
24
Chemical properties of cycloalkanes
Small cycles show some particular properties
25
Unsaturated hydrocarbons
26
Structure of alkenes s- and p-bonds
27
Naming alkenes
CnH2n
28
Naming branched-chain alkenes
29
Isomerism of alkenes
30
Isomerism of alkenes
31
(No Transcript)
32
Addition to the double bond AdE reactions
Markovnikov rule
33
Structure of alkynes s- and p-bonds
34
Naming and properties of alkynes
CnH2n-2
35
Naming branched-chain alkynes
36
Isomerism of alkynes

• triple bond position in alkyne molecule
• carbon skeleton branching
• interclass isomerism
• alkadienes
• cycloalkenes

37
Synthesis and reactions of alkynes