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VS
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Lesson 9-Hardware
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Overview

• ???????Macintosh versus Windows platform.
• ???????Networking Macintosh and Windows
  computers.
• ??Storage devices.
• ????Input devices.
• ????Output devices.
• ????Communication devices.
• ??Connections.

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?????

• ?????????????,????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????
• ??,??????Macintosh??????

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Macintosh Versus Windows Platform

• The Macintosh platform
• ????1994?????????RISC(???????)??????Macintosh???Wa
  s launched by Apple in 1984.
• ????????????Has a good built-in audio and
  high-quality graphics capability.
• ??????????????????????DVD??Includes hardware and
  software for digitizing and editing video and
  producing DVD discs.
• Makes multimedia project development easier and
  smoother.

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Macintosh Versus Windows Platform

• The Windows platform
• ????????????????????Is a collection of different
  vendor-neutral components that are tied together
  by the requirements of the Windows operating
  system.
• ?????????????????,??,?????PC?????Initially
  focused on business computing and was not
  suitable for multimedia. However, it is now
  easier to find multimedia hardware and software
  for Windows as compared to the Macintosh.

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Networking Macintosh and Windows Computers

• ??????????????????Networking is essential for
  direct communication and sharing of resources
  across platforms.
• LAN?WAN?????????????????????????????????????Local
  area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and
  Internet connections provide connectivity and
  networking capabilities.

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Networking Macintosh and Windows Computers

• ????????????,??????????In a LAN, workstations are
  located within a short distance. They are
  relatively less expensive.
• ?????????????,???????In a WAN, communication
  systems span great distances and are typically
  set up and managed by large corporations. They
  are expensive to install and maintain.
• ????????ISP???????????A dial-up connection to the
  Internet through an Internet Service Provider
  (ISP) also enables communication.

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Networking Macintosh and Windows Computers

• ?????PC???????,???????????To establish
  communication between a Macintosh and Windows PC,
  install Ethernet system and client-server
  software.
• ??????????????,????????????????????,?????????/????
  ??? Ethernet is a method of wiring up computers.
• ???/?????????????????Client/server software is
  required for communication and transfer of files.
• Macintosh ??????????,?PC??????????Macintosh
  computers have built-in Ethernet networking,
  while Windows PCs require an additional Ethernet
  card.

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????
??TCP/IP??
???
????
AppleTalk??
PC?
???
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????Connections

• ???????The various connection methodologies
  include
• Small Computer System Interface (SCSI).
• Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE).
• Universal Serial Bus (USB).
• FireWire.

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Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)

• SCSI ????SCSI ????????????,???,CD-ROM??????SCSI
  can connect internal and external peripheral
  equipments and devices that conform to the SCSI
  standard.
• SCSI ???????????SCSI cards can be installed on
  Macintosh and PC platforms.
• ?????SCSI?????8???(ID?0?7)SCSI is preferred for
  real-time video editing, network servers, and
  situations that require mirroring.
• SCSI????7???,??????5Mbps?SCSI ID conflicts should
  be avoided by providing unique IDs to devices.

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Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)

• IDE ?????????ATA(??????),??????????,???????CD-ROM?
  ??????????????IDE connections are also known as
  Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA).??????????The
  y connect only internal peripherals.
• ??PC????????IDE???,??IDE???????????They can
  connect four peripherals mounted inside the PC.
• IDE??????????SCSI????,?????The circuitry for IDE
  is less expensive than SCSI.
• IDE????CPU???,?????/??????????????????,???????????
  ????????????????,?????????????????????????IDE
  utilizes processor chip time.

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Universal Serial Bus (USB)

• ?????It is a standard for connecting devices to
  the computer using the plug-and-play system.
• USB?????????????PC????127?USB??USB uses a single
  cable to connect 127 USB peripherals to a single
  PC.
• ?????????????????????????????????,??????????????It
  can be attached to one computer at a time.

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FireWire

• FireWire was introduced by Apple in the 1980s.
• ??????????,????????????????It is the industry
  standard and provides support for high-bandwidth
  serial data transfer, particularly for digital
  video and mass storage.
• ???????????Can connect multiple computers and
  peripheral devices (peer-to-peer).
• ??????????,?????????????????????It is the most
  common method for connecting and interconnecting
  professional digital video equipment.
• ?????????????????????,??????????????????

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Memory

• ?????????????????Sufficient memory must be
  allocated for storing and archiving files.
• ??????????????????,?????????????????????Memory
  requirements of a multimedia project depend on
  the project's content and scope.
• ?????????The two types of memory are random
  access memory (RAM) and read only memory (ROM).

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Memory

• RAM enables the simultaneously running of many
  applications.
• ROM??????ROM is non-volatile. The BIOS program
  that boots up the computer resides in the ROM.

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Storage Devices

• ??Floppy disk - Is a inexpensive, removable, and
  portable device for storing binary data. They are
  made of flexible mylar plastic coated with a thin
  layer of special magnetic material.
• ??Hard disk - Is a non-removable mass-storage
  device, and has a higher data storage capacity
  and data transfer speed.

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Storage Devices

• ???????Syquest cartridge - Is a removable storage
  medium and can hold 44 MB of data.
• ZIP???Zip cartridge - Is inexpensive and can hold
  100MB of data.
• Jaz ????Jaz cartridge - Is a removable storage
  medium that can hold 1GB of data.
• MO???Magneto-optical drive - Is rewriteable and
  uses a high power laser. It is suitable for
  archiving data.

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Storage Devices

• ?????Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)
• DVD??????????????????????Is an optical disc
  technology for distributing multimedia and
  feature length movies.
• ??G???????,????????(MPEG2)??????????Can store 1GB
  of data. They provide sharp and detailed video
  resolution.
• DVD??????The two types of DVDs are DVD-video and
  DVD-ROM.

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Storage Devices

• Compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) player -
  Is an important delivery medium for large,
  mass-produced multimedia projects.
• CD Recordable (CD-R) - Is very inexpensive, and
  suitable for short-run distribution of finished
  multimedia projects. These write-once CDs can be
  used as high-capacity file archives.

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????Input Devices

• ??Keyboard - Is the most commonly used input
  device. The most common keyboard for PCs is the
  101 style, which provides 101 keys.
• ?????????GUI???????????Mouse - Is the standard
  input device for a graphical user interface (GUI).

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Input Devices

• ???Trackball - It is suitable to small confined
  environments such as a portable laptop.
• ?????????????????????????Touchscreen - They are
  monitors that usually have a textured coating
  across the glass face.

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Input Devices

• ?????????Magnetic card encoder and reader - Is
  useful when an interface is needed for a database
  application or multimedia project that tracks
  users.
• ???Graphic tablet - Provides great control for
  editing finely detailed graphic elements.
• ???Scanner - Is the most useful device for
  producing multimedia. They are categorized as
  flat-bed, handheld, and drum.

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Input Devices

• ????????Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
  device - Is used to convert printed matter into
  ASCII text files.
• ????Infrared remote - Is used to interact with
  the project when the user needs to move about.

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Input Devices

• ??????Voice recognition system - Is used to
  facilitate hands-free interaction with the
  project.
• ????Digital camera - Is used to capture still
  images of a specific resolution, and store them
  in cameras memory. These images can then be
  uploaded to a computer.

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????Output Devices

• ?????????????????????????
• ????Audio devices
• ??????????????????They include sound chips and
  microphones.
• ???????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????,???????????????Amplifiers
  are required when the project has to be
  presented to a large audience or in a noisy
  setting.
• Speakers can be internal or external.

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Output Devices

• ????Video devices
• ???????????????????????,???????????Video creates
  the maximum visual impact.
• ?????????????Video devices include videodisc
  players and video cards.
• ?????????????????????Videodisc players provide
  precise control over the image being viewed.
• ??????????????/?????????????????Video cards
  enable the user to place an image in a window on
  the computer monitor.

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Output Devices

• ???Projectors
• ???????????????Projectors are used when you have
  a larger audience that can be accommodated around
  a computer monitor.
• ??CRT(?????)????????????????????????The different
  types of projectors include cathode-ray tube
  (CRT), liquid-crystal display (LCD) panels,
  stand-alone LCD projectors, and light-valve
  projectors.

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Output Devices

• ???Printers
• ????????The two types of printers are laser and
  inkjet.
• ???????????????????????,??????????????Laser
  printers offer higher print quality, lower
  operating costs, but a higher initial cost.
• ???????????,????????Inkjet printers are
  comparatively cheaper, but require higher
  maintenance.
• ???????????????????????????Color printers have
  become an important part of multimedia
  development.

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Communication Devices

• Modems
• ISDN
• Cable modems

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Modems

• ?????????????????Modems modulate and de-modulate
  analog signals.
• ????????They provide connectivity through
  standard phone lines.
• ?????????Modems can be internal or external.
• ????????,??????56 Kbps ??????Modem speed is
  measured in baud, and the standard modem speed
  should be at least 56 Kbps.

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ISDN

• ???????ISDN stands for Integrated Services
  Digital Network.
• ??128 Kbps ???????,???????It is used for higher
  transmission speeds by telephone.They transfer
  data at the rate of 128 Kbps.
• ISDN ?????????????????????ISDN lines are used for
  networking, Internet access, and audio-video
  conferencing.
• ??????????????????????They are more expensive
  than the conventional analog lines.

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Cable Modems

• ??????????????????????100?1000?,????????10mbpsThey
  provide Internet access at speeds faster than a
  telephone modem, over the same cable network that
  supplies the television signal.
• ??????????????,??????????However, due to noise in
  the system, sending rates may be much slower than
  receiving rates.

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Lesson 10-Basic Software Tools
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Overview

• Text-based editing tools.
• Graphical tools.
• Sound editing tools.
• Animation, video, and digital movie tools.
• Video formats.
• Utilities useful for multimedia.

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????????

• ?????????????
• ??????????? ???????????
• ??????????FAQ
• ????????????????
• ?????????????

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Text-based Editing Tools

• ??????????Word processors
• ??????????????????????????????????????????Are
  powerful applications that include spell
  checkers, table formatters, thesaurus, and
  pre-built templates for commonly used
  documents.Are used for creating project letters,
  invoices, and storyboards.
• ?????????????????Allow embedded multimedia
  elements.
• Office suitA package of software applications
  that might include a spreadsheet, database,
  e-mail, Web browser, and presentation
  applications

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Text-based Editing Tools

• ??????Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
  software
• ????????????ASCII ??Converts bitmapped characters
  into electronically recognizable ASCII text.
• ???????????????????????ASCII ??Makes use of
  probability and expert system algorithms.
• ????????,???????Is very accurate and saves time
  and effort.

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Graphical Tools

• Painting and drawing tools.
• 3-D modeling tools.
• Image editing tools.

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Painting and Drawing Tools

• Most graphic programs use bitmapped images since
  they provide the greatest choice.
• PhotoShop, Fireworks, and Painter are painting
  software.
• CorelDraw, FreeHand, and Illustrator are drawing
  software.
• ???????????????????

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??????
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• Painting tools allow you to create and modify
  bitmap images.
• a) Examples include
• (1) Photoshop
• (2) Fireworks
• (3) Painter
• Bitmapped images provide the greatest choice and
  power for rendering fine detail and effects.
• http//www.5d.cn/resource/fine/200606/4085.html

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Sound Editing Tools

• Enables the user to see music as well as hear
  sound.
• This is done by drawing a representation of sound
  in fine increments.
• Enable the user to create custom system beeps.
• System beeps are pre-packaged sounds that
  indicate an error, warning or special user
  activity.

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????????????Animation, Video, and Digital Movie
Tools

• ?????????????????????????Animation is a sequence
  of bitmapped graphic scenes or frames, rapidly
  played back.
• Flash???????(??)??
• ???????????????????????????,?????????Animations
  can be made within some authoring systems by
  moving objects or sprites to simulate motion.
• ???????????????????,???????????A graphic image on
  a screen that can be moved about to create
  animation is called a sprite.
• ????????MOV???AVI???Moviemaking tools take
  advantage of QuickTime and AVI formats to create,
  edit, and present digitized motion video segments.

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????

• ???????????????????Digital video editing and
  playback require a large amount of free disk
  space.
• ????When working with digital video, it is
  necessary to defragment and optimize the disk
  before recording and playing back movie files.
• ??It is necessary to compress movie files before
  delivery.

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Animation, Video, and Digital Movie Tools

• ????????????????????????Compression ratio is the
  size of the original image divided by the size of
  the compressed image.
• ?????????Compression can by lossy or lossless.
• ???????????????,?????????????Lossy schemes ignore
  picture information the viewer may not miss.
• ????????????????Lossless schemes preserve the
  original data precisely.
• MPEG???????I? P? B? GOPMPEG

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Video Formats

• QuickTime
• QuickTime ?????????????????????????????????????Is
  a software-based architecture for integrating
  sound, text, animation, and video on Macintosh
  and Windows platform.
• ???????????,????????????????????????Is an
  extensible system for multimedia delivery.Can
  deliver 3-D animations, virtual reality, and
  streaming audio-video on the Web.
• QuickTime ?????The three QuickTime elements are
  Movie file format, Media Abstraction Layer, and
  Media services.

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Video Formats

• QuickTime ???
• QuickTime???????????,???????????????????????????
  ???????
• QuickTime?????????????????QuickTime?????????
• QuickTime?????????35??????????????,?????????????
  ????????MIDI??,?????????????
• QuickTime ??????????????????????????Includes
  built-in support for ten different media
  types.Offers a comprehensive set of services.
• ??HTML????Allows embedded commands in HTML
  documents.

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MOV??

• MOV??,??Apple???????????,??????????QuickTimePlayer
  ???????????????????????,??????????????,??????MacOS
  ,??????Windows??? ?????????,??MOV????????????????
  QuickTime,MOV???????????????PC?????????,?Apple????
  ?MOV??????????????????????????????,???????????MOV?
  ???,?????AVI??????????????,??? 4 ???,??? 4.0
  ???????????????16???????????????,????10???????????
  ??????????????,????ADOBE???????????????AFTEREFFECT
  ?PREMIERE?

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Video Formats

• Audio Video Interleaved (AVI)
• AVI????windows??????????????????????????????1992??
  ??AVI??????????AVI??????????LIST??,??????????????A
  VI????????????????????,???????????????? Is a
  Microsoft-developed format for playing
  full-motion interleaved video and audio sequences
  in Windows.
• ??????????Does not require specialized hardware.
• ??????????? Is an inextensible, open
  environment.
• ??????????????????,?????AVI?????DivX?Xvid(??MPEG-4
  )???? Lacks serious video editing features.
• OpenDML ???AVI??????The OpenDML format was
  developed to make AVI more functional.

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• WMA (Windows MediaAudio)????????,?????????????????
  ???MP3????????,WMA???????????118??,WMA???????????
  ?????DRM(DigitalcentersManagement)???Windows
  Media centersManager7?????????????????????????????
  ?????????????,????????????????????????,??WMA??????
  (Stream)??,??????????,???MP3????????????,?Windows?
  ????WindowsMediaPlayer????????????windows?????????
  ??WMA??,????WindowsMediaPlayer7.0????????CD?????WM
  A???????,?????????WindowsXP?,WMA?????????????,????
  ??CD??,????????????????????????.mp3,???????,?????
  Real????????,??????????????WMA??????

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Video Formats

• ????????????????????????????????,???????????,?????
  ????????????,????????QuickTime and Audio Video
  Interleaved (AVI) formats support special
  algorithms, provide a methodology for
  interleaving, and allow organized streaming of
  data from disk into memory.
• ??????????????????????,???????When the audio,
  image, text, and video data is combined in one
  stream, it is said to be multiplexed.
• DVD???????,???????????????????MPEG????????????????
  ?Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) is a hardware
  format that uses laser light to store and read
  digital information.

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(No Transcript)
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????Utilities Useful For Multimedia

• ????Screen-grabber - Enables the user to move
  bitmapped images by placing them on the
  clipboard.
• SNAGITPRINTSCREENCOMMAND CONTROL SHIFT 4
• ??????Format converters - Useful for projects
  where the source material originates on different
  platforms.

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???????
???? ???? ???? ????
??????? Flash ?????? Flash
??????? Authoreware ?????? GIF Animator
??????? Dreamweaver ?????? Maya
??????? Diretor ?????? 3D Max
?????? Photoshop ?????? premiere
?????? CorelDraw ?????? After Effects
?????? Firework ?????? Cool Edit
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????????
???? ?? ??? ??????
Flash ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Author ware ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Dream weaver ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Director ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
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Summary

• Word processors and OCR software are used to
  handle text in multimedia.
• Painting and drawing tools, 3-D modeling tools,
  and image editing tools manipulate the graphical
  content of the project.
• QuickTime for Macintosh and AVI for Windows are
  the two most widely used video formats.

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FAQ

• ???????????????????????????????????????????????,??
  ?????????????