OneSAF Co-development Lab

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OneSAF Co-development Lab
OneSAF Users Conference 8 April 2008
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Top Space MS Needs
OneSAF Co-Lab Motivation

• SMDC Leads AMSO Space Focus Area Collaborative
  Team (FACT)
• Determines Space MS Requirements
• Establishes Program Effort
• Initiating Space Representation
• Establishing OneSAF Lab to Facilitate Space
  Modeling and Simulation Development Efforts

• ARMY is the top consumer of space products
• The Space FACT validates the Space MS
  requirements
• FWC is leveraging ARMY MS investment in OneSAF
  System
• The PEOSTRI robust development processes allows
  for this functionality to be used by all OneSAF
  user communities (ARC, RDA, TEMO)
• FWC is insuring space representation are present
  in OneSAF

Space Fact Capabilities Roll Out
Total Survey Score from Operational Needs Survey
FWC is the MS ARMY Center of Excellence for
Space and Missile Defense
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SMDC OneSAF Co-Development Site

• First Fully Sanctioned Army Co-development
  Site/Lab
• Allows maximum leveraging of Community resources
• Integrates Space related capabilities into OneSAF
• Reduced Program Risk Shortens Development Cycle

• Coordinated Representational Research with Space
  Advocates
• Example Functions
• Aggregate Satellite Models
• Global Hawk-class BLOS Sensors
• Comms Relay to CONUS
• Comms Relay back to Theater
• NTM Sensor Feeds
• Positioning Accuracy ( GPS Jamming Implications)
• Home Stations Operations Center Connectivity
• BLOS Comms to UE Other UAs
• WMD Warnings
• Weather Down Range

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The SMDC OneSAF Co-development Site (OCDS) Lab
Story

• SMDC-FWC initiated a OCDS in 2005 in Huntsville,
  AL.
• Close association with PM OneSAF in Orlando, FL.
• Test and Evaluation support of numerous OneSAF
  Beta releases in the last year
• The first fully operational Co-Development Site
  outside the Orlando Community to successfully
  integrate key capabilities into OneSAF.

• Army is the largest consumer of Space information
  in theater
• OneSAF was the largest MS w/o Space
  representation
• SMDC OCDS team brought the first Space
  capabilities into the framework
• Army space now has an initial MS capability for
  analysis, research and training important to
  the Army warfighter

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Space MS for OneSAF
Current Tasking Covers
In the Planning Stages

• Space Based ISR
• Space-based EO, IR, RF, MSI/HSI Sensors
  Evolving Sensors
• Intelligence Data from Outside the OneSAF Unit
  of Interest Play Box
• Mobile Ground Station
• Space Communications
• Operational Tactical Connectivity to
  Space-based Systems
• System-to-system Connectivity under NLOS
  Conditions
• Multiple Frequency. Multiple Bandwidth Designs
• JBFSA
• Initial JBF tracking and message management
• GPS suite of satellites and DoP emulation

• Early Warning
• EW of Tactical Ballistic Missile Attacks
• Remote Sensing of NBC Hazards Warnings of
  Danger Zones
• C4 Joint Warning Systems
• Behaviors to Cause Individual Systems Units to
  Respond to Warning
• NBC Consequences into Simulated Behaviors
• Weather, Terrain Environmental Monitoring
  (WTEM) IO
• Models Representations of WETM Data Injection
  into the UA
• Models of IO to Include Computer Network Attack
  Defense
• Advanced Space Technology
• Use of Micro Satellites
• Space Control Technologies

First phases now implemented into OneSAF Version
1.5 by SMDC OCDS team
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• Merged with OneSAF version 1.0 for testing and
  release in OneSAF version 1.1
• Oct 06

SMDC OCDS Handover 1
SMDC OCDS Capabilities
OneSAF version 1.0
OneSAF version 1.1
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Space Based ISR in OneSAF
ISR Mobility/Commercial Satellite in OneSAF

• Improves the Common Operating Picture (COP) by
  including intelligence data from "outside" play
  box
• Provides exploited satellite imagery data to
  Maneuver Force simulating
• Implicitly represents space ISR collection
  process to answer commanders Priority
  Intelligence Requirements
• First implementation includes commercial systems
• Implements a computationally efficient space move
  behavior algorithm
• Decreases CPU time by as much as 95 compared to
  traditional satellite propagation methods
• Only represents satellite position when it can
  view the battlespace or communicate with a ground
  station
• Space Support to Battlespace Characterization
• Provides Exploited Imagery Data in the form of
  SPOT/Situation Reports for Assigned Areas of
  Interest
• Future Efforts will focus on the Satellite
  Visual Representation

Space Support to Intelligence, Surveillance,
Reconnaissance

• Expands the ARMY Warfighter Capability by
• Adding Space Assets for Full Spectrum ISR
• Developing Situational Understanding Based on a
  Robust Operational Picture
• Providing Space Capabilities for Beyond Line of
  Sight Effects
• Enabling Strategic Responsiveness By IW and
  Ensuring Intel Readiness

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Explicit Satellite Simulation via GRoSP

• A New Orbit Every 94 Minutes
• 7 Visibility Opportunities in 24 Hours

• Satellite Flies Route Conducts Target
  Surveillance
• NORAD Two-Line Element (TLE) Sets Establish
  Satellite Flight Characteristics
• Payload (Antenna Sensor) Field of Regard
  Field of View (FOR FOV)
• For Each AOI/Satellite Combination
• Determine Gateways Calculate LANs If LANs
  Inside Gateways, Calculate Entry/Exit Points
• Fly Satellite between Points (Turn On Sensors
  Begin Surveillance at Entry Point Turn Off
  Sensor at Exit Point
• Surveillance Process Iterates for Duration of AOI

• Initial Satellites
• Commercial Systems
• EO IR Sensors

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OneSAF ISR

• Low-Resolution Downlink Calculation
• Theater Downlink if Ground Station Present
• Delay Calculated from Terrain Box to First Ground
  Station for Ascending Descending Orbit
• User-Defined Exploitation Delay Time
• Space Observation Reports Posted to C2 Network

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OneSAF Space EO Imagery

• Representing Satellite Imagery from a Synthetic
  Environment
• Large Field of View
• Represent EO Imagery
• Strip Collection

Customized imagery products from 11 different
civil/commercial satellites
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• Merged with OneSAF version 1.1 for testing and
  release in OneSAF version 1.5
• Feb 07

SMDC OCDS Handover 2
SMDC OCDS Capabilities
OneSAF version 1.1
OneSAF v 1.5
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ISR MGS Capability Added to OneSAF

• Requirement
• Current Space ISR simulates collection of data
  over theater of operations and relays to fixed
  terrestrial ground stations that further relay
  data for exploitation and redistribution.
• These relays/exploitation processes outside
  Commander direct control reduce timeliness
  utility of space-base assets.
• Capability to downlink data directly into theater
  of operations would alleviate problem.
• Solution
• Creation of communications model in OneSAF to
  establish a relay between space-based platform
  and terrestrial tactical network decreases
  communication response times for warfighter.
  Modify HUMMV entity representation into an MGS
  with communications links between satellite and
  ground C2 networks.
• Minor modification of existing radio to include
  characteristics that make it uniquely a satellite
  receiver. Radio composed with existing mobility
  module (HUMMV with trailer) to complete suite.
• Implies MGS needs to know if it is in mid-trans
  mission so as not to immediately respond to
  movement orders, but wait until end of
  transmission.

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Target Space-Based ISR Architecture
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• Merged with OneSAF version 1.5 for testing and
  release in OneSAF version 2.0
• Jul 07

SMDC OCDS Handover 3
SMDC OCDS Capabilities
OneSAF version 1.5
OneSAF v 2.0
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Additional Sensor Models Added to OneSAF
IR
IR Sensors To implement an IR payload
representation in OneSAF using the Acquire/AMSAA
model, we altered the Satellite Agent to
accommodate the IR sensor in place of the EO
sensor we implemented earlier. We already had
the requisite data tables of sensor parameters,
the satellite-to-sensor sensor mapping codes, and
the MRT curves to accommodate IR in the AMSAA
Acquire algorithm.
Visible
Image differences of West Coast
False-Color IR image of San Francisco Bay Area
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JBFSA Initial Operating Capability (IOC)
1. Operational/Warfighter Improvement Add GPS
capability to increase the precision with which
blue forces report their positions in order to
assess the overall effectiveness of JBFSA
doctrine, tactics, techniques and procedures.
Will allow OneSAF to be used to evaluate
new/current TTPs and new capabilities as they
evolve. 2. Simulation Improvement a. Modify the
space movement algorithm to include MEO and GEO
Satellite Mobility b. Collect GPS orbital
parameters and antenna characteristics c. Implemen
t a GPS dilution of precision (DoP)
algorithm d. Create a Blue Force Tracking (BFT)
Message from the perceived entity locations
e. Propagate BFT Message from BFT device via
SATCOM to MMC
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GPS Dilution of Precision (DoP)

• Geometric strength of satellite configuration.
  When visible satellites are close together in the
  sky, the geometry is said to be weak and the DoP
  value is high when far apart, the geometry is
  strong and the DoP value is low.
• Add GPS capability to increase the precision with
  which blue forces report their positions in order
  to assess the overall effectiveness of JBFSA
  doctrine, tactics, techniques and procedures.
• Will allow OneSAF to evaluate new/current TTPs
  and evolving capabilities.

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• To be merged with OneSAF version 2.0 for testing
  and release in OneSAF version 2.5
• 2nd Qtr FY08

SMDC OCDS Handover 4
SMDC OCDS Capabilities
OneSAF version 2.0
OneSAF v 2.5
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SATCOM Constellations Added to OneSAF

• Implemented Communication Satellites
  Constellations
• In the Sky today
• UHF - 12 GEO
• DSCS - 10 GEO
• Milstar - 2 GEO
• Wideband Gapfiller System (WGS) - 3 GEO
• IRIDIUM-DoD Gateway in Hawaii - 66 LEO
• Inmarsat -11 GEO
• On the drawing board
• Transformational Satellites (TSAT) - 5 GEO
• 2010 Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) - 4 GEO
• 2009/2010 Wideband Gapfiller System (WGS) - 5 GEO
• Leo Mobility Enhancements
• Cross-link Radio Modeling

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SATCOM Links

• Uplink
• Transmission from non-spaceentity to satellite
  entity
• Downlink
• Transmission from satellite entity to non-space
  entity
• Generally a ground station (Gateway)
• Different frequency range than the Uplink
• Crosslink
• Transmission between two satellite entities
  (aka inter-satellite link or ISL)
• Utilizes frequencies unsuitable for terrestrial
  communications between 20-60 GHz

Link frequency differences play an important role
in Communication Effects like bandwidth, jamming
and spoofing.
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Hyper-Spectral ISR Sensors

• Objective
• Add HyperSpectral Imagery (HSI) to the ISR
  capability to improve utility, fidelity.
• 2. Simulation Improvement
• HSI IOC effects model
• HSI model with new observation reports
• Defect fixes

• Two-phased approach
• Step One Represent Hyper-Spectral (HSI) Imaging
  sensors effects using AMSAA Acquire Model
• Create an HSI-like capability by enhancing the
  spatial resolution of an existing sensor
• Future Step Build an HSI sensor model with new
  OneSAF Imaging messages and observation reports
• HSI sensor data exploitation enables sub-pixel
  resolution (1/4 pixel)
• Represents next-generation sensors on space
  near-space platforms

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TacSat-3

• HSI Sensor Representation
• Mobile Ground Station
• Satellite Mobility
• Communications

UHF Data Downlink to Remote WarFighter
SGLS Sensor Tasking
SGLS or UHF Data Downlink
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Summary

• Oct 06 1st Handover
• Initial Satellite Capability (GRoSP partial
  LEO Mobility, Initial Satellite command and
  control )
• Initial Sensor capability (EO-visible)
• Ironed out viable handover process with PEO STRI
• Feb 07 2nd Handover
• Mobile Ground Station modeled
• Jul 07 3rd Handover
• IR sensor models added
• Additional Satellite models added
• Initial JBFSA capability added
• MEO/GEO Mobility added
• Initial GPS Capability added (DoP algorithm
  developed, Entire GPS constellation modeled 32
  satellites, 6 additional sensor satellites added)

• Feb 08 4th Handover
• SATCOM Constellation expanded(100 satellites
  Current Iridium, AFSAT/EHF, UHF, DSCS, Milstar,
  WGS I, Inmarsat )
• Initial crosslink communications implemented
• User GUI developed for scenario development
  standard satellite groups
• MSI/HSI Sensor effects modeled sensor able to
  be adapted to space and ground entities
• Initial TACSAT 3 model developed
• Full LEO Mobility added