LIPIDS

1
LIPIDS

• Chapter 6

2
Typical Fatty Acid Structure
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
H H H O H-C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--
C--C--C--C-C-OH H H H H H H H H H
H H H H H H H H

• omega end alpha end
• (methyl group) (carboxyl group)
  

3
Degrees of Saturation

• Saturated
• Unsaturated
• Monounsaturated
• Polyunsaturated

4
Saturated Fatty Acid Structure
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
H H H O H-C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--
C--C--C--C-C-OH H H H H H H H H H
H H H H H H H H

• omega end alpha end
• All single bonds to hydrogen

5
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Structure
H H H H H H H H H H H
H H H H O H-C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--CC--C--C-
-C--C--C--C--C--C-OH H H H H H H H H
H H H H H H H H H

• omega end alpha end
• One double bond

6
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Structure
H H H H H H H H
H H H H H O H-C--C--C--C--C--CC--C--CC--C-
-C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH H H H H H H H
H H H H H H H H H H

• omega end alpha end
• gt 2 double bonds

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Essential Fatty Acid Omega-3 (alpha-linolenic
acid)
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
H H H O H-C--C--CC--C--C C--C--CC--C--C--C--C
--C--C--C--C-OH H H H
H H H H H H H H

• omega end alpha end
• 1st double bond is located on
• the 3rd carbon from the omega end

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Essential Fatty AcidOmega-6 (alpha-linoleic acid)
H H H H H H H H
H H H H H O H-C--C--C--C-- C--C
C--C--CC--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH H H
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H

• omega end alpha end
• 1st double bond is located on the
• 6th carbon from the omega end

9
Triglycerides
H O H--C--O--C--
O H--C--O--C-- O H--C--O--C--
H
H H--C--OH
H--C--OH H--C--OH H
O HO-C-R O HO-C-R O HO-C-R
R H2O

R H20
R H20

• (Ester bond)
• Glycerol 3 FAs
  Triglyceride 3 H20

10
Triglycerides
Fatty Acid Fatty Acid Fatty Acid
H O H--C--O--C--
O H--C--O--C-- O H--C--O--C--
H
H H--C--OH
H--C--OH H--C--OH H
Fatty Acid

Fatty Acid
Fatty Acid

• esterification
• deesterfication

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Functions of Triglycerides

• Provide energy
• Efficient storage of energy
• Insulation
• Protection
• Transport fat-soluble vitamins
• Satiety
• Flavor and texture

12
Emulsification
13
Cholesterol Content in Food
14
Digestion of lipids
15
Absorption of lipids
16
Chylomicrons
17
Transport of Lipids
18
Transport of Lipids
19
Transport of Lipids
20
Atherosclerosis
21
Cis and Trans Fatty Acid
22
Hydrogenation Process
23
Trans Fatty Acids in Foods