Performance Testing to Monitor Improved Stove Interventions Experiences from Shell Foundation

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Performance Testing to Monitor Improved Stove
InterventionsExperiences from Shell Foundations
Household Energy and Health Pilot Phase
GIRA
GIRA
Dev. Alternatives

• Presented by Rob Bailis at the 2007 ETHOS
  Conference
• in Kirkland, WA
• 26-28 January, 2007

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Partners
Dev. Alt

• Donor - Shell Foundation
• NGOs
• GIRA (Mexico)
• HELPS (Guatemala)
• DA (India)
• ARTI (India)
• UC Berkeley - SPH and ERG

HELPS
All NGOs promote high-mass stoves
GIRA
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A question

• What constitutes Stove Performance and how can we
  measure it?
• Efficiency
• Time
• Fuel consumption
• Emissions/air quality
• Convenience
• Adoption rates

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Objectives

• Develop simple replicable protocols for SP ME
• For use by SF-HEH grantees
• For dissemination to the broader stove community
• Understand the most appropriate way to assess SP
• What is the appropriate balance between
  standardized tests and tests that are tailored to
  local conditions?
• Assess how much fuel ICs actually save
• Understand the relationship between lab and field
  tests

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The protocols

• We proposed
• a lab component
• WBT
• CCT

• and a field component
• Daily fuel consumption (converted into energy)
• Qualitative surveys

Aprovecho
GIRA
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Results - WBT

• Specific consumption

GIRA
DA
ARTI
600
300
300
400
200
200
Grams per liter
200
100
100
0
0
0
HP-CS
HP-HS
LP
HP-CS
HP-HS
LP
HP-CS
HP-HS
LP
Traditional stove
HP-HS High-power Cold Start
HP-CS High-power Hot Start
LP Low-power (Simmering)
Improved stove (GIRA PATSARI DA-Sukhad
ARTI-Bhagyalaxmi)
Standard deviation
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Results - WBT

• Specific consumption

GIRA
DA
ARTI
600
300
300
400
200
200
Grams per liter
200
100
100
0
0
0
HP-CS
HP-HS
LP
HP-CS
HP-HS
LP
HP-CS
HP-HS
LP
Traditional stove
HP-HS High-power Cold Start
HP-CS High-power Hot Start
LP Low-power (Simmering)
Improved stove (GIRA PATSARI DA-Sukhad
ARTI-Bhagyalaxmi)
Standard deviation
Similar outcome for efficiency, time to boil, etc
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Results - WBT

• Summing up the WBT
• No IC was a clear winner
• None were clear losers either
• At high power, most stoves improved from cold to
  hot start
• Most ICs outperformed tradl stoves at low power
• 6/7 were more efficient
• 3/7 reduced SC

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Results - WBT

• How does SC relate to thermal efficiency?

SC vs. Eff for each phase of WBT
High power tests only
Low power tests only
High and low power tests together

• 33 tests phases in total
• 22 High-power
• 11 Low-power

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Results CCT (GIRA)
Source GIRA - http//www.gira.org.mx
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Results - KPT
GIRA

• Much better outcome
• All NGOs showed significant improvement

95 Conf Int.
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Results KPT WBT

• Links between WBT and KPT
• High power time to boil negative correlation
• Low power SC strong positive correlation

Correlations between stove performance indicators
derived from the WBT and daily per capita fuel
consumption observed in the KPT
Cold start Cold start Cold start Hot start Hot start Hot start Simmer Simmer
Time Eff SC Time Eff SC Eff SC
Correlation -0.71 0.03 -0.21 -0.73 0.15 -0.27 -0.20 0.91
p-value 0.11 0.95 0.69 0.10 0.78 0.61 0.70 0.01
High power Cold start High power Cold start High power Cold start High power Hot start High power Hot start High power Hot start Low power Simmer Low power Simmer
Time Eff SC Time Eff SC Eff SC
Correlation -0.71 0.03 -0.21 -0.73 0.15 -0.27 -0.20 0.91
p-value 0.11 0.95 0.69 0.10 0.78 0.61 0.70 0.01
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Summing up

• For the stoves deployed in SF-HEH Pilot Phase
• We find little correlation between the WBT and
  KPT
• All stoves reduced fuel consumption in field
  tests, despite discouraging WBT results
• GIRAs experience with the CCT shows its utility
  as a lab-based test
• Be wary of fuel consumption guestimates derived
  from lab-based WBT-style tests

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For discussion

• What constitutes Stove Performance and how can we
  measure it?
• What is the appropriate balance between
  standardized tests and tests that are tailored to
  local conditions?
• What can we do with qualitative surveys?
• Theres a lot of ME data out there we need to
  understand it better!

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Thank you!
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• Extra Slides

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Background

• 2002 Shell Foundation issues an RFP for the
  pilot phase of its HEH program
• 4 NGOs
• 3 years of funding
• ME capacity questionable particularly for IAQ
• 2003 UCB brought on to develop a suite of ME
  protocols for ME and SP
• stove designs were already finalized
• 2004 Trainings in India, Mexico, Guatemala
• 2004-6 SP tests and analysis carried out

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Background
Field tests (conducted on a sub-sample of
households)
Household 1
Stove Dissemination
Household 2
Household 3
Household N
Community input
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Results KPT WBT
75
Traditional (GIRA)
50
Daily energy consumption observed in the
field-based KPT (MJ/person-day)
Traditional (ARTI)
25
Sukhad (DA)
Patsari (GIRA)
Traditional (DA)
Bhagyalaxmi (ARTI)
0
100
150
200
250
300
Specific fuel consumption observed in the
lab-based simmer test (g/liter)