???Yen-Kuang Kuo

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??????????????

• ???Yen-Kuang Kuo
• ?????????????????
• ??????????
• ???? ykuo_at_cc.ncue.edu.tw
• ?? http//ykuo.ncue.edu.tw

2
??? ???????

• 1997?12???????????????????,?????????,??800??????,?
  ???????????
• ?????????,????????????(LED)????????(OLED)??????(So
  lar Cell)??????

3
? ? ? ?

• ?????(LD)
• ?????(LED)
• ???????(OLED)
• ?????(Solar Cell)

4
Albert Einstein (18791955)
????
??? E mc2 ????
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????????????
Before
Process
After
Example
EC
EC
Photodetector Solar Cell
Absorption
l
EV
EV
EC
EC
Light-Emitting Diode OLED
Spontaneous Emission
l
EV
EV
EC
EC
Laser Diode Semiconductor Laser
Stimulated Emission
l1
l1
l2
EV
EV
( in phase )
6
????????????

• 1958?,A. L. Schawlow?C. H. Townes?????????????????
  (Phys. Rev. 112, 1940, 1958)?
• 1960?,Maiman????????????(Cr3Al2O3)??(Nature
  187, 493, 1960)?

7
LASER ? ? ?

• LASER is the abbreviation of ?Light Amplification
  by Stimulated Emission of Radiation?
• Taiwan ? ?? (???)
• China ? ?? (???)

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??????????
9
? ? ? ? ?

• ?????,?????????
• ?????
• ????????????????? ????
• ????,????????????
• ????,?????????
• ??????????????????????,????????

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?????????
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??????????

• Gas Lasers (????)
• He-Ne Laser, Ar Laser, CO2 Laser, N2 Laser,
• Liquid Lasers (????)
• Organic Dye Lasers,
• Solid-State Lasers (????)
• Ruby Laser, NdYAG Laser, NdGlass Laser,
• Semiconductor Lasers (?????)
• AlGaAs, InGaAsP, AlGaInP, InGaN, InGaAsN,
• Other Lasers (????)
• Chemical Laser, Free-Electron Laser,

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?????(Edge-Emitting Laser, EEL)
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?????(LED)???

• TFT LCD????
• ??/?????
• ???????
• ?????????
• ???/???

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LED?????????

1. ???????n??p?????LED???
2. ???????????,?????????????

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LED?????????
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???????LED

• ?????( MITI )?1998?4?????? 21???????,??5????50???(
  ????4??? ),????30????,??GaN??????,??2010???120??/
  ???????
• ??1999?10?????????????????,??10????5???????LED?

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?????????
LED?????????!!
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LED????????
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??LED???(???????)
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??LED???
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???????

• IV Photo-detector
• III-V II-VI LED/LD Photo-detector

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????????????

AlGaAs ????
AlGaInP ?????
InGaN ????
300
400
500
600
700
?? ( ?? )
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???????AlGaInP LED

• ???AlGaInP LED????GaAs?????????,In???????III????50
  ?
• ? ????(AlxGa1-x)0.5In0.5P
• AlGaInP LED????????????555 nm??,?????570
  nm(???)?650 nm(??)???,????????
• ??????????????LED??AlGaInP LED?

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??????????
Human eyes are sensitive to green light (555
nm), and hence the development of green (or
yellowish green) AlGaInP LED is desirable.
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????????InGaN LED

• InGaN LED?????????,????????????(Al2O3)????
• ????????(SiC)?????InGaN LED??,????????,????????
• InGaN LED????????????????,????????(570 nm650
  nm)?????,??????AlGaInP LED????????

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InGaN LED?????
???????????!!
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AlGaInP?InGaN LED?????

• ??????????MOCVD (???????)??LED??????,????????
• MBE(??????)?????,????????
• ????MOCVD?MBE?????????

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The Clusterlab 600 Research MBE System
????????????????2005?6?????MBE !
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LED?????????
???? DigiTimes Research,2006/6
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20062008???LED??????
???????IEK,2009/2
???????,???LED???????,????????????,???????????????
??
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20022008???LED????
2005????LED????????????,?????????????????????,????
?????,?2004??????7? 2008??????????,???????LED????
????????,????????????,????????,??????????,2008???L
ED???????3?
???????IEK,2009/2
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??LED?????
???LED??????????,??,???????????????,LED???????????
??????,??Korea Photonics Technology
Institute??,2010???LED??????324????
???? Korea Photonics Technology
Institute,????????????????????,2009?03?
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LED??-????
???????????????,???????????,???LED????????,?????14
7????36??,???4?4??LED?,??????,???????????,????????
,?????????????????
????http//mag.udn.com/mag/beijing2008/storypage.
jsp?f_ART_ID141367
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LED????????

• ??????(Science)???????LED??????,??????????????,??
  ??????????????????????
• ???????LED????????,??LED???????

???? D. Stevenson and C. Conway, Beckman
Institute, University of Illinois,2009?08?
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?????(LCD)??????

• ????????????????????????
• ??????????????????
• ??????????(Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal
  DisplayTFT LCD)???????????????????????LCD???????
  ??,??TFT??????????(TFT),?????????,????,???????????
  ?????????

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???????????
37
100??????
38
40??????????
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?????????2009???

• 2009??????????????????????5,669??,2009????????????
  ?
• ??2008?????????,2009??????TFT????????????????38.3
  ,??????????????41.8,????????TFT?????????????????

??????? ??????? ??????? ???????
?? Q1'09 Q2'09 2009(e)
??TFT LCD(gt10") 1,121.2 1,771.3 7,628.5
???FPD(lt10") 320.0 401.8 1,807.0
???? 413.2 444.2 1,853.8
????? 283.9 323.0 1,248.4
???? 197.6 208.3 869.5
??? 84.9 99.6 434.4
?? 2,420.9 3,248.2 13,841.6
????DisplaySearch (2009/06) ????DisplaySearch (2009/06) ????DisplaySearch (2009/06) ????DisplaySearch (2009/06)
???????????33.651 ???????????33.651 ???????????33.651 ???????????33.651
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???????????????
?????????
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???????(OLED)???

• ???CRT?????????????,???????????????PDP??????LCD???
  ?(??)???????
• ???????OLED (??????? ) ?OLED?Organic
  Light-Emitting Diode ???,????????????

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OLED???????

• 1963?,Pope???????????OLED???,?????????????Anthrace
  ne???,??????????????????????????,??????????
• 1987?,??????? C. W. Tang ? Steve Van Slyke
  ??????????????????OLED??????OLED???,??????????,???
  ???????????????????????????????????????????,??????
  ???
• 1990?,???????Friend????????????????????OLED?,?Poly
  mer LED(??PLED),????????????,????OLED?????????????
  ?????

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OLED??????

• ??????????
• ??? (gt 100,000 cd/m2 )
• ?????(ms)???????
• ???????(2 mm)????(gt170?)
• ??????????????(3-9 V)
• ???????????
• ??????????????
• ??????(??Hg?2006???)

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OLED???????

• TFT-LCD????
• ????(?????)
• ??????
• ?????(????)
• ???????

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OLED????????
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??????OLED
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Seiko Epson 40?OLED?????
??Seiko Epson???2004?5????40?OLED?????,????????OLE
D??????????????OLED????????????,?????????OLED?????
??
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??OLED?????

• OLED?????????????????
• ????????
• ?????????
• ?????????

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?????
?????? ??????
50
?????????
51
??????????????
52
????????
53
????????
??????? ???? ???2006?10?
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??????????

• ?????????????
• ?2050??,?????????4?,?????1.7?,CO2????2.3?,???????6
  ????!
• ????????????
• ??????????
• ????????????????

??????????????????,2009
55
??????????
?????????????? ??????????????
???? ??(Z 1021)
?????? 3850 ZJ
???????? 285 ZJ
???? 6 ZJ
???(??????) 1.8 ZJ
2004????? 0.471 ZJ
?1? 3.6 MJ,??M 106 Source wikipedia.org, 2008/01. ?1? 3.6 MJ,??M 106 Source wikipedia.org, 2008/01.

• ????????,????????????,????????8,000??
• ??????????????????????????,???????(??????????,???
  ???,?????????),????????????????????????

56
?????????

• ?????????1954 ????????????
• 1973 ????????,????????????????????,?????????????

Concentrator Solar Farm in New Mexico, USA
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??????

• ?????????20??????,?2020??
• ????1990???20
• ??????????20
• ?????????20?
• ???????????
• ?????,?????1500???,???500????,?????????????????
• ?????,??????????????????????
• 2012???,10??????????,2025????25
• 2015???,100?????????150??????????
• 2050???,???????80?

??????????????????,2009
58
???????

• ??75??96??
• ??????????6????
• ????????????????????
• ??96????????????0.1?

??????????2007,????????????????????,2009?
59
????????

• ????2008?6?????????
• ????CO2 ???????????????
• ?2016-2020?????2008????
• ?2025???2000????
• ?2050????2000??50?
• ???????????????
• 2025???????????55?
• ????????????
• 2009-2016?????,????2?

??????????????????,2009?
60
?????????

• ???????p-n ????????????,?????????????,???????????
  ????????????????,????????(????n ?,????p ?),???????

Solar Cell ??
61
???????
62
??????????
???? National Renewable Energy Laboratory (USA),
2008/04.
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????

• OLED?????????OLED???
• ?????
• OLED???
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????
• OLED?????
• OLED??????????????????????????????????????????????

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?????????????
Thank you for your attention.