Language Structures

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Language Structures
Dialogue I
Dialogue II
                                                                                    
                                                                                          
Reading I
Reading II
Guided Writing
Interaction Activities
Listening Practice
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LSP
LS
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2
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LSP
LS
See the following sentences and find out the
grammar rules they use

• 1. Look up the word in a dictionary that gives
  definitions in English.
• 2. Have you read all the books (that) you
  borrowed from me?
• 3. Id like to see the gentleman who came from
  Germany yesterday.
• 4. Whats the name of the young man (who/m) he
  introduced to us last week?

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LSP
???? (attributive clause) ?????????????????????
?,???????????????? 2. ?????????????
1)???? that, which, who, whom, whose, as ?
2)????? where, when, why ? ? 3)3 ???a.
?????? b. ????? c. ?????????????
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LSP
3. ??????????? 1) who ??,??????? E.g. The
boys who are playing football are from Class
One. Yesterday I helped an old man
who lost his way. 2) whom ??,??????????,????.
E.g. Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked
about on the bus. Mr. Ling is just
the boy (whom )I want to see. ?????? whom
???????????? who ??,???? E.g. The man(
who/whom) you met just now is my friend.
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LSP
3. ??????????? 3) which ??,?????????????,??????
?. E.g. Football is a game which is liked
by most boys. This is the pen
(which) he bought yesterday. 4) that ???,???
who ?? whom???,??? which??????????????,???????
. E.g. The number of the people that/who come
to visit the city each year rises one million
Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this
morning?
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LSP
3. ??????????? 5) whose ????,????,?????????.
E.g. He has a friend whose father is a
doctor. I once lived in a house
whose roof has fallen in. whose ???,???? of
which ????? E.g. The classroom whose door
is broken will soon be repaired.
The classroom the door of which is broken will
soon be repaired.
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LSP
4. ?? ??????????? ????????????????,??????
????(?? whom /which)??. E.g. Tomorrow I will
bring here a magazine for which you asked.
We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we
have often talked. ??1) ????????????(????????),?
look for, look after, take care of,care for, see
to ?. E.g. This is the watch (which /that)I am
looking for. This is the watch for
which I am looking.
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LSP
4. ?? ??????????? 2) ??????????,????????
whom,??? who ?? that???? which,???
that,?????????????? whose. E.g. The man with
whom you talked is my friend. The man
(who/that) you talked with is my friend. 3)
?????????some, any, none, both, all, neither,
most, each, few ???????. E.g. He loved his
parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to
him.
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LSP
5. ??????????? 1) when ???,??????????? E.g.
I still remember the day when I first came to
the school. The time when we got
together finally came. 2) where ???,???????????
. E.g. Shanghai is the city where I was born
. The house where I lived ten years
ago has been pulled down . 3) why
???,???????????, ???? reason. E.g. Please
tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
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LSP
6. ?????????that??????? 1. ????????all, few,
little, much, something, nothing, anything. ???
All that we have to do is to practice every
day. Is there anything that you want to buy
in town? 2. ?????????????????? The first
lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
Dick is the most clever student that I have
ever known. 3. ????all, any every, few, little,
no, some????? I have read all the books
that you gave me. 4. ????the only, the very, the
same, the last????? He is the only person
that Edison want to talk to. 5. ????????????
They talked of things and persons that they
remembered in the school.
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LSP
1
LSP I Identifying and asking somebody to
identify something
Practice following conversations
A Can you explain the word cooker in
English? B (Im afraid I cant.) A Then look
the word up in the dictionary that gives
definitions in English. B (It says a cooker is
an apparatus which is used for cooking food. )
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LSP
Language points for LSP I peeler
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LSP
Language points for LSP I micro-calculator
????? (??? micro- ?? ?????? e.g. microphone,
microwave oven ???, micro book, microbus,
ect.) add ?, subtract ?, multiply ?,
divide ? (???????? ?? square, ?? extract, ??
cube)
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LSP

• Other Identifications
• What do you call the thing that is used to
  preserve food and to improve its taste?
• 2) What do you call a figure having jointed parts
  that are animated from above by strings or wires?
  
• 3) What do you call the thing through which smoke
  and gases escape from a fire or furnace?

salt
a puppet
a chimney
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LSP

• Other Identifications
• What do you call a person who is in charge of or
  helps to run a library?
• 2) What do you call a person who advises people
  about the law and represents them in court?
• 3) What do you call a person who plans new
  buildings and sees that they are built properly?

a librarian
a lawyer
an architect
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LSP
LSP II Identifying the thing that somebody has
(not) done
2
Practice following conversations
A Have you read all the books (that) you
borrowed from me? B (No. Theres still one
(that) I havent read. ) A Which one? B (The
one (that) you said you didnt like.)
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LSP
LSP III Identifying the person one wants to see
3
Practice following conversations
A Id like to see the gentleman who came from
Canada yesterday. B (You mean the Canadian
engineer whos visiting a research institute
here?) A No. Im looking for the Canadian
professor whos teaching at Pujiang
University. B (Oh, its Professor Paul Jones.
Hes in Room 812.)
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LSP
LSP IV Identifying people
4
Practice following conversations
A Whats the name of the young man (whom) Lu
introduced us to last week? B (Paul
White.) A Is he the writer (whom) they invited
to attend a conference? B (No, I dont think
so. Mr. White is the English journalist Jin asked
to come to our party.)
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LSP
Language points for LSP IV 1) stylistics n.
??? ????? ???? style ?? stylist
??(??)? stylistic???? stylistician ???? 2)
consult v. ??, ??, ?? e.g. I consulted George
about buying a car. I must consult my
principal on this matter. ???? consultation
??, ??, ??? consultor ?? consulter
??? consultant ??, ????consultancy ??(??/??)
consultative ??? ???
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Read following passage

• The changes of Shenzhen
• The thriving city of Shenzhen is the
  original boomtown of modern China. Just 25 years
  ago it was a small village on the border with
  Hong Kong surrounded by duck farms and rice
  paddies. In less than a generation, with economic
  growth averaging more than 28 a year and a
  population today of more than 7 million, it has
  been transformed from a peasant backwater into
  one of China's richest cities.

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(No Transcript)
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Consider and answering following questions

• What are the ways in which Chinese farmers get
  up-to-date information?
• Why is college education important for modern
  farmers?
• Do you believe in You get what you put in?

From mass media TV, radio, newspaper,
magazine internet and etc.
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Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Listening to the recording and answer the
questions on specific details of this dialogue
1. Where have the tremendous changes taken place
in China? 2. What was the life of Chinese farmers
like in the past? 3. What amazed Dan last
week? 4. How did the people in the coastal areas
get wealthy? 5. What are the changes to the
farmers as their living conditions improved? 6.
What block did the farmers in Huaxi Village meet
in using internet?
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Browse through the text and find out sentences
using following conversational strategies

• How to initiate a topic by greeting
• How to initiate a topic by asking for general
  impression
• How to direct the conversation into the desired
  direction
• How to transit to a new topic

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D I
How to initiate a topic by greeting
A The land was barren and the people didnt
even have tattered clothes to wear. B That was
true. A But last week I saw rows upon rows of
beautiful two or three-storeyed houses, people
riding motorcycles, driving their own cars,
carrying mobile phones, and wearing fashionable
brand-name clothes. I just couldnt believe what
I had seen. Everything was so amazing! B But
the changes were not so great until the
government started a national drive for economic
reform. New policies were introduced in favour of
hardworking farmers. A When Chinese farmers
get wealthy, theres bound to be an ever
increasing demand for all kinds of consumer
goods." B Not only that. With their living
conditions improving, the vision of Chinese
farmers has broadened."
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D I
How to initiate a topic by greeting
Practice with the following cues Computer is
of great help in teaching, but it cannot replace
teachers." E-mail is popular, but it will not
kill letter writing.
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D I
How to initiate a topic by asking for general
impression
B How much do you know about China before? A My
grandfather worked in a Chinese hospital. Yes,
he told me that. gtgtgt Practice with the
following cues 1) weather in Wuhan/ ones
hometown/ a place one has just visited 2) one of
the teachers in your department 3) the students
clubs in your school 4) the performance in the
new-year evening
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D I
How to direct the conversation into the desired
direction
A I was out of town. I visited Huaxi Village in
Jiangsu Province last week and was amazed by the
living conditions of the farmers there. B Yes,
tremendous changes have occurred in Chinas rural
areas, particularly in the coastal provinces. A
Ive heard a lot about the improved lives of the
urban population in China, but I didnt expect to
see such great changes in the lives of Chinese
farmers.
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D I
How to transit to a new topic
A The land was barren and the people didnt
even have tattered clothes to wear. B That was
true. A But last week I saw rows upon rows of
beautiful two or three-storeyed houses, people
riding motorcycles, driving their own cars,
carrying mobile phones, and wearing fashionable
brand-name clothes. I just couldnt believe what
I had seen. Everything was so amazing! B But the
changes were not so great until the government
started a national drive for economic reform. New
policies were introduced in favour of hardworking
farmers. A When Chinese farmers get wealthy,
theres bound to be an ever increasing demand for
all kinds of consumer goods. B Not only that.
With their living conditions improving, the
vision of Chinese farmers has broadened."
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Read the dialogue loudly in pairs and find out
useful expressions of the text.
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Language points
1. rows upon rows of houses ????, ????? E.g.
rows upon rows of books / desks / bookshelves/
bikes/ soldiers two or three-storeyed houses 2,
3????? a house of 3 storeys??????
the basement storey ??, ?? 2. brand-name
clothes ???? E.g. brand-name computer,
brand-name cars, brand-name furniture
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Language points
3. in favor of ???? E.g. I am in favor of
stopping work now. ?????????? 4 You get what
you put in ????, ???? ???? a. As you sow,
so will you reap. b. You
must reap what you have sown.
c. As you make the bed, so you must lie on
it. 5 a national drive for economic reform
???????? ???? ?????? the policy of reform
and opening to the outside world
?????????????? take advantage of the
preferential policies and their favorable
geographical location
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Language points
6. come across???? 7. be bound to be certain,
very likely??? E.g. It's bound to rain soon.
????????
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Language points
8. subscribe to ??(??/??) E.g. subscribe to
a magazine ???? subscribe to the
Internet service ???? 9. make ones entry into
to enter ??, ??, ?? E.g. It was dark and
their entry into the camp had gone unnoticed.
Harry made his entry into the village.
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Retell the content of the dialogue 1) A
foreigner visited a modern Chinese village. 2) A
contrast was recognized in the lives of Chinese
farmers between 3) Amazing changes have occurred
in this village in the wake of the national
economic reform. 4) There is an increasing demand
for information and higher education. 5) The
changing concepts of farming and farmer.
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D I
Dialogue I
Changes in the Lives of Chinese Farmers
Role Play An Interview with a Village Head
Mr. Green, a journalist from an English-speaking
country, is visiting a village in Central China.
He is now interviewing Wang, the head of the
village. Dong is the interpreter. They are
talking about the two types of agriculture in
China.
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D II
Dialogue II
Describing Objects
Describing Objects 1. How to classify objects
into types 2. How to identify and classify
objects by their features 3. How to classify
objects according to their purpose
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D II
Dialogue II
Describing Objects
Language Points
1. the lost property office ?????
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R I
Reading I
Human Needs
Before you listen to the recording, consider and
answer following questions

• What are the basic needs for a human being?
• What is the difference between needs and wants?
• How do we differ from primitive men in our food
  wants?
• Name 3 things that a modern house contains but an
  ancient palace did not.

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R I
Reading I
Human Needs
Go over the text in 5 minutes and answer the
questions on specific details of this text
1. Why is food a basic need? 2. How can we
avoid malnutrition? 3. Why did primitive people
eat only the food that could be grown near their
house?
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R I
Reading I
Human Needs
Words and expressions
1) starve to death ?? 2) live on something
??? 3) nothing more than only ?, ??
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R I
Reading I
Human Needs
Language appreciation
1. the same is true of ????, ???? e.g.
1) If you want to learn to swim, you need much
practice, the same is true of learning a foreign
language. 2) Smoking does harm to our
health, the same is true of much noise and
light. (???? the reverse is true of /
that )
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R I
Reading I
Human Needs
Comments on the Passage
This passage is a piece of expository writing or
exposition. gtgt The focus lies on the basic
need-food. gtgt The author convinces his readers
through an effective comparison of primitive
people and modern men that what we need is
different from what we want. Human bodies will
suffer from malnutrition even if there is plenty
of food. Besides food, clothing and shelter are
also the same case.
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R I
Reading I
Human Needs
Comments on the Passage

• The author employs some typical writing skills in
  expository
• writing.
• Definition
• E.g. " When we speak of a basic human need
  we mean something which is necessary to life,
  something that we cannot possibly do without."
• This is known as malnutrition.
• 2) Comparison
• E.g. " Primitive people eat only foods
  which can be grown near their homes, whereas we
  eat foods which are often grown many thousands of
  miles away from our homes."
• Primitive people are satisfied with less variety
  than we are.

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R II
Reading II
Bread
Read the dialogue, try to make out the main idea,
and answer the following questions

• What was the most important step of mans
  progress towards civilization?
• What was the first crop that was grown for
  food?
• Why is wheat the most important grain?
• Explain the process by which bread is made.
• Name some of the countries that consider wheat
  as their major crop.

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R II
Reading II
Bread
Words and expressions
1. grind sth into sth ??, ?? E.g. They grind
the grain into flour by crushing grain.
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R II
Reading II
Bread
Language appreciation
1. there were many great steps forward
the domestication of animals, the invention of
the wheel, the development of writing, the use of
money, the growth of commerce and cities.
????????????, ????, ????, ??????????????.
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GW
Write a thank-you note
Guided Writing
Dear Father, Imagine my
pleasure when I returned home for the weekend! An
exquisite computer on my desk! Though not of the
latest mode, its more than enough for me. It
will not only make my studies easier, but will
save me a lot of time as well. Dear father, you
are always so thoughtful. Its indeed lucky to be
your son. Thanks a million!
Love,

Mike
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IA
Interaction Activities
Guess Which and Who
See students book on P94
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Listening
Dictation
Spelling (Workbook P. 5)
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Listening
Dictation
Spelling (Workbook P. 5)
favourable /favorable malnutrition Mobile phone
urban tremendous available
four-storeyed house temperate rural
primitive suburban essential
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Listening
Dictation
Passage dictation
A
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D I
Dictation A Long ago people had no way to
keep food from spoiling. So they ate all they
possibly could and hoped it wouldnt be too long
before the next meal. Mealtime was any time they
found food, so they were either stuffed or
starved most of the time. No one knows for
sure how people first learned to preserve food.
Maybe they accidentally left food in the sun and
discovered that the dried food kept longer. Maybe
they left the food by the fire and found out that
cooked food not only kept longer, but tasted
better. Somehow someone learned that salt helps
preserve meat and fish and even vegetables.
Through the years, people have continued to learn
new and better ways of preserving food from one
growing season to another. And today millions of
people work in jobs that have something to do
with food preservation.
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Listening
Dictation
Passage dictation
B
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D I
Many Americans with large families now have
their own freezers and freeze their own food.
Because fruits are cheaper when they are in
season, the housewife often buys more than she
can use in a few days or even in a week and then
freezes the rest. Preparing food for the freezer
is a fairly simple process. To prepare
strawberries, for example, the housewife simply
needs to clean them, put them on a tray in the
freezer for a few hours, and then put them in
plastic bags. Bread, cakes and pies can also be
kept in a freezer. With the improvement in
methods of food preservation, people no longer
have to stuff one day and starve another. They
can have a well-balanced diet all the year round.
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Listening
Listening Comprehension

1. Homes protect us from the weather only.
2. People who live in different kinds of places have
   different kinds of homes.
3. When prehistoric people moved to a new place,
   they took all their things with them.
4. People who lived in the mountains often live in
   caves.
5. Archaeologists are interested in ancient things.
6. Cave people didnt know how to keep their food,
   what to make their beds with or where to take a
   bath.
7. People are not happy unless they live in huge and
   beautiful homes.