Construction Industry of Thailand

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Construction Industry of Thailand

• By Tapanawat R.
• SCI Plant Services
• Siam Cement Group

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Distribution and Retailing
Petrol Chemical
Paper and Packaging
Building Product
Cement
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Index

• Thailand Economy Overview
• Construction Industry of Thailand
• Construction Employment and Statistic
• Safety in Construction Work
• Law and Regulation
• Conclusion

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Thailand Economic Overview
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Thailand Economy Overview
Economy of Thailand Economy of Thailand
Currency Thai baht (THB)
Fiscal year 1 October - 30 September
Trade organisations WTO and APEC
Statistics Statistics
GDP ranking 20th 1
GDP 524.8 billion (2004 est.)
GDP growth 6.1 (2004 est.)
GDP per capita 8,100 (2004 est.)
GDP by sector agriculture (9), industry (44.3), services (46.7) (2004 est.)
Inflation 2.8 (2004 est.)
Pop below poverty line 10 (2004 est.)
Labour force 36.43 million (Nov. 2004 est.)
Labour force by occupation agriculture (49), industry (14), services (37) (2000 est.)
Unemployment 1.5 (Nov. 2004 est.)
Main industries tourism, textiles and garments, agricultural processing, beverages, tobacco, cement, light manufacturing, appliances, computers and parts, furniture, plastics
Trading Partners Trading Partners
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GDP of Thailand
TomyamKung Crisis
GDP -10 Construction -38
GDP 6 in 2004
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Construction Industry
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Construction Industry in 2005
Thailand's Economy Thailand's Economy
Main Exports GDP
TinTextilesFish ProductsRiceTapiocaJewelleryElectrical AppliancesFurniturePlasticsIntegrated Circuits
Construction 7
Agriculture 13
Service 48
Other Industries 32
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Growth Rate of Thai Economy and Construction
Industry
()
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Construction Value Investment
Total Investment
Private Investment
Public Investment
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Building and Factory Investment Trend
significantly increased
Housing is saturated
2005
2005
2005
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Construction Employment and Statistic
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Construction Industry

• Employment

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Accident Rate in Each Business
Metal Business
Construction Business 9
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Death and Permanent Disability

• Construction work
• accounts for 14 (almost 1 in 6) of deaths at
  work

• 24 of permanent total disability.

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Death and Permanent Disability (Cont.)

• Construction workers are 2.7 times as likely to
  face occupational death as otheroccupations 57
  per million versus 21 per million.
• Construction workers are 5 times as likely to
  suffer permanent total disability as other
  workers 2.1 per million versus 0.4 per million.

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Rate of Accident and Death
Accident Rate/1,000 is Constant
Death Rate/100,000 is increase 10-15
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Safety in Construction Work
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SHE PLAN

• Organization and Responsibility
• Discipline and Planning (work permit)
• Risk Assessment and Pre-Job Safety Analysis
• Standardization (Prevention and Control)
• Site Inspection and Audit
• Reporting and Accident Investigation
• Safety Training
• Safety Promotion
• First aid
• Emergency Plan
• 5S (Cleaning and House Keeping)
• Waste Management

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Pre-Construction Period

• Boundary or Fence/Area Separation
• Safety Sign
• Facility (Water, Waste)
• Construction Equipment ( Interlock)
• People Training
• Method Statement

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Construction Period

• Risk Assessment and Pre-Job Safety Analysis
• Safety Control
• Safety Inspection
• Safety Audit
• Safety Talk
• Training
• Reporting
• Emergency Plan

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Causes of Accident in Construction Work

• External Environment
• Human
• From Statistic
• In the beginning of construction period, there
  were accident 3 times/day.
• In case of high rise building, there was one
  death.

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Types of accident in Construction Site

• High Falling
• Electric
• Vibration and Noise
• Fire
• Machinery
• Land Sliding
• Scaffolding and Structure Falling

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Accident Rate in Each Causes
All Industry

• Hand Accident 25
• Materials impact 18
• Eyes Accident 16
• Material Falling 13
• High Falling 4
• Slippery Falling 3
• Electric 2

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Law and Regulation

• Design Period
• Construction Period

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Design Period

• Code of Design of Building and Factory
• Set Back Distance Fire Protection, Airflow,
  Light..
• Live Load Depend on function of building. Ex
  Housing 150kg/m2, Super Store 500 kg/m2, Walk way
  300kg/m2, Library 600-800 kg/m2
• Fire Protection Fire Coating for steel structure
  (3 hrs), Fire Exit ( 2 Positions for 4 Stories
  upward) (Fire Wall 2 hrs), Air Pressure System,
  Fire Alarm System,

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• Air Flow Factory use 4 times of Volume/hr.
  Office use 7 time of Volume/hr
• Lighting Factory use 500 Flux, Office use 300
  Flux
• Air Condition 1 tons/ 20m2 ( Height2.7 m.)

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Construction Period

• Construction Area Restriction area, Sign,
  Prohibit unconcern people

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• Safety of Mobile Crane Crane
• Capability of crane, Crane InspectionErection
  Procedure

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• Safety of Piling Work Limit Area, Follow
  Instruction, Inspect Equipment and Sling

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• Safety of Lift 9 meters height onward designed
  by civil engineer

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• Safety of Scaffolding Work2 meters height onward
  need scaffolding, in case of super structure, it
  is needed to design by civil engineer

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• Safety High, Material and Structure
  FallingFence, Safety line, net , belt

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• Safety, Health, and Environment Management
  Control about airflow in construction area,
  Training, If we have to work in low airflow area
  we have to work with other people at least 3
  people, Entrance must be convenience and safety.

Dia 25 m. , H 70 m.
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Conclusion
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Conclusion

• Construction Industry of Thailand in 2006 still
  slightly increase. Its not housing but building,
  factory of private sector. Moreover public sector
  invest more in infrastructure especially in
  Bangkok and East area such as mass transit,
  hospital, university.
• It may contribute around 7-9 of GDP

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Conclusion

• 2003-2005 Rate of accident was constant while
  rate of death per 100,000 people increased
  because of accident from housing segment, In next
  3 years building ,factory and infrastructure work
  will increase.
• Construction employment is round 6 of total
  workforce. Construction work have 14 of total
  death(1 of 6) and 24 of total permanent
  disability

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Conclusion

• Construction worker have more risk 2.7 times to
  face occupational death and 5 times to face
  permanent disability
• Even though Thailand have the law about safety
  but in reality we still lack of safety
  supervisor. Safety management and control have
  only in the large company

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Conclusion

• Safety in Engineering Work Should start on
  Engineering Design Philosophy.
• Designer should concern about all of period of
  Engineering Work
• Construction or Erection period (Implement)
• Operating Period
• Maintenance Period
• Designer should concern about Law, Environment,
  New Construction Technology, New Material
  Technology

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Example
the longest spanning suspension bridge in the
world

• It design to against earth quake
• It use simulation to evaluate effect of all
  force, wind tunnel testing
• Design concern about every stage construction
  and operating and maintenance

The Akashi Bridge
The Oakland Bay Bridge
Petronas Tower
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Thank You For Your Attention