Highway Design Class

1
Highway Design Class

• CTC 440

2
Introductions

• Students
• Me

3
Class Basics

• www.sunyit.edu/barans/
• Syllabus
• Tentative Schedule
• Lectures
• Labs
• Grades (PIN s)

4
Ch 5 of HDM Basic Design

• Designing a section of highway is similar to
  designing a house
• Lots of little decisions along the way that
  impact the end product

5
Some Basic Elements

• Capacity/Level of Service
• Accident Analysis
• Terrain Data Requirements
• Right-of-Way
• Construction Cost Estimates
• Design Elements
• Design Considerations
• Intersections at Grade

6
Capacity / Level of Service

• Capacity analysis is used to estimate the
  traffic-carrying ability of existing and proposed
  traffic
• (LOS) is a qualitative measure used to describe
  the operational conditions within a traffic
  stream drivers viewpoint
• A (best) F (failure)
• LOS C desirable LOS D acceptable

7
Accident Analysis Identify problems and
incorporate countermeasures

• Collect data
• Determine accident rate and compare to statewide
  avg.
• Identify locational clusters
• Identify nonstandard or nonconforming features
• PIL/PII (priority investigation
  list/intersection)
• Utility Pole bad actors

8
Terrain Data RequirementsObtained via
photogrammetry /or field survey

• Base Mapping (horizontal)
• Edge of pavements, shoulders, sidewalks
• Buildings, fences, trees, tree lines
• Rock outcrops
• Utilities-lines, valves, manholes
• Streams, creeks
• Topography (vertical)
• DTM digital terrain models
• Used for contours and cut cross-sections

9
Right of WayAmt. of land needed

• ARM-abstract request map
• ROW plan
• Power of eminent domain
• Types
• Fee, w/ access or w/o access
• PE (permanent easement)
• TE (temporary easement)
• TO (temporary occupancy, lt2500, minor
  grading/ditching)
• Entrance, approach, or driveway work release (no
  compensation
• General work release (no compensation)

10
Construction Cost EstimatesPrepared throughout
project life

• Ballpark (/-50)
• Preliminary (/-20)
• PEP (preliminary estimate program) or MEANS
• Detailed (/-5)
• PES (preliminary estimating system) or MEANS
• Economic Analysis
• Bridge rehab vs replacement
• Bridge abandonment vs preservation
• Pavt. Rehab options
• Accident reduction treatments
• Mobility betterment

11
Design Elements

• Design Vehicle
• Sight Distance
• Horizontal and Vertical Alignment
• Superelevation
• Climbing or emergency escape lanes
• Clear Zone
• Vertical and Horizontal Clearance
• Parking lanes, driveways
• Lane drops, medians
• Frontage roads
• HOV lanes, bus stops/turnouts/turnarounds

12
Design Considerations

• Joint Use of Highway (peds/bikes/utilities/transit
  )
• Driver Expectancy
• Geometric Considerations
• Noise Abatement
• Increase capacity w/o addl. Lanes
• ITS
• Ramp Metering
• Reversible-flow lanes
• Shoulders as traffic lanes
• HOV priority treatment

13
Intersections at Grade

• Use HCM to determine LOS/Capacity
• Intersection Geometries
• Angle (skew lt 30 deg)
• Channelization/pavt width/radii
• Other Considerations
• Sight distance/access control
• signalization
• Medians
• Flush or Raised
• Median Openings

14
Highway Stuff

• 2007 Minneapolis Bridge Collapse
• Bolivia Road