An Uncertain Peace

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An Uncertain Peace

• U14 Anxiety Interwar Years
• AP European History
• Ms. Tully - UHS

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A. WWI Aftermath

• GR - hated ToV
• FR isolated and fearful
• US isolationist
• RS hostile, communist
• 1920s recovery and democracy
• 1930s depression and fascism
• Burial of an Unknown Soldier
• Lost Generation

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B. Germany and the Western Powers, 1919-1924

• League of Nations undermined
• GR hated treaty
• FR implement treaty, reparations
• BR softer position on GR need for markets
• John Maynard Keynes British economist

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• 6. France the Little Entente
• 7. Allied Reparations Committee 132 billion
  marks (33 billion), annual installments of 2.5
  billion
• 8. The Ruhr Crisis (Jan. 1923)
• 9. GR Hyperinflation passive resistance
• 10. Social tensions in GR
• 11. Compromise

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C. The Hopeful Years(1924-1929)

• Gustav Streseman stabilized GR
• Dawes Plan (1924)
• Treaty of Locarno (1925)
• Kellogg-Briad Pact (1928)

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D. The Great Depression

• Two major factors downturn in domestic economies
  collapse of US stock market
• Surplus of wheat sharp decline in price
• Protectionism Trade Barriers
• Prosperity of 1920s dependent on US bank loans
• Vienna bank Credit-Anstalt collapsed May 1931
• Cutting back on production largescale
  unemployment
• Govts unable to deal with crises classical
  liberalism didnt work
• Renewed interest in Marxism
• New authoritarian movement fascism

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E. Great Britain

• Lost markets for industrial production during WWI
• Rise in unemployment 2 million by 1921
• Conservative govt under Stanley Baldwin led
  recovery of 1920s
• General Strike of 1926
• National Govt brought Britain out of GD

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F. France

• Strongest country on continent after WWI
• National Bloc govt Raymond Poincare
• Cartel of the Left govt antimilitarism,
  anticlericalism, education
• Poincare is back! Brought stability 1926-1929
• Great Depression, Govt turmoil, rising Fascism
• Popular Front of 1936 French New Deal
• French govt weak and vulnerable in 1938

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G. The Scandinavian States

• Successful recovery from GD
• Social Democratic govt rural and industrial
  cooperatives
• Expanded social services
• High taxes large bureaucracies

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H. The Colonial Empires

• FR BR acquired GR colonies
• WWI led to movements for change in colonies
• Saudi Arabia, Iraq gained independence
• Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948) civil disobedience
  in India
• 1935 India granted internal self-govt

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• 6. Africans attracted to nationalism
• 7. 1930s African leaders calling for
  independence
• 8. Most colonies would not gain independence
  until after WWII