Discovery is dangerous

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Discovery is dangerous.but so is life. A man
unwilling to take risks is doomed never to learn,
never to grow, never to live - Pardot Kynes
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What I learnt in school today
How to pronounce "molybdenum"
mo lib den um
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What I learnt in school today
How to pronounce "molybdenum"
mo lib den um
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What I learnt in school today
How to pronounce "molybdenum"
mo lib den um
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What I learnt in school today
How to pronounce "molybdenum"
mo lib den um
6
Is this your design?
7
Looks like a materials problem
Some kind of steel?
Steel?
Steel iron carbon
What kind of steel? Does it matter?
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• Types of steels
• 1005 1006 1008 1009 1010 1012 1015 1016 1017
• 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1025 1026 1030
• 1034 1035 1038 1039 1040 1044 1044 1045 1046
• 1050 1060 1064 1065 1070 1074 1080 1090 1095
• 1108 1116 1117 1118 1119 1132 1137 1141 1144
  1211 1212 1213 1215 1547 1548 3140 4012 1330 1335
  1340 1345 4023 4027 4028 4032 4037 4042 4047 4118
  4130 4140 4142 4145 4147 4150 4161 4419 4320 4340
  4422 4427 4615 4620 4626 4718 4720 4815 4817 4820
  5046 5060 5120 5130 5132
• .
• .
• .
• .

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• Types of steels
• 1005 1006 1008 1009 1010 1012 1015 1016 1017
• 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1025 1026 1030
• 1034 1035 1038 1039 1040 1044 1044 1045 1046
• 1050 1060 1064 1065 1070 1074 1080 1090 1095
• 1108 1116 1117 1118 1119 1132 1137 1141 1144
  1211 1212 1213 1215 1547 1548 3140 4012 1330 1335
  1340 1345 4023 4027 4028 4032 4037 4042 4047 4118
  4130 4140 4142 4145 4147 4150 4161 4419 4320 4340
  4422 4427 4615 4620 4626 4718 4720 4815 4817 4820
  5046 5060 5120 5130 5132
• AISI-SAE numbering system for steels
• XX XX

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• Types of steels
• 1005 1006 1008 1009 1010 1012 1015 1016 1017
• 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1025 1026 1030
• 1034 1035 1038 1039 1040 1044 1044 1045 1046
• 1050 1060 1064 1065 1070 1074 1080 1090 1095
• 1108 1116 1117 1118 1119 1132 1137 1141 1144
  1211 1212 1213 1215 1547 1548 3140 4012 1330 1335
  1340 1345 4023 4027 4028 4032 4037 4042 4047 4118
  4130 4140 4142 4145 4147 4150 4161 4419 4320 4340
  4422 4427 4615 4620 4626 4718 4720 4815 4817 4820
  5046 5060 5120 5130 5132
• AISI-SAE numbering system for steels
• XX XX

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So, does it matter?
Consider the properties of some steels - all
hot-rolled normalized
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So, does it matter?
Consider the properties of some steels - all
hot-rolled normalized
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Apparently, changing carbon content changes mech
props significantly
Is changing carbon content only way to change
mech props?
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Apparently, changing carbon content changes mech
props significantly
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What do these things do in steels?
change C content mechanical work heat
treat alloying elements
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What about Al alloys?
Lotus Elise 190 hp 1984 lbs 0-60 mph -
4.9 sec top speed - 150 mph 27 mpg hiway
46K
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Lotus versatile vehicle architecture system (VVA)
Almost completely "aluminum" - high pressure
die-castings, stampings, and extrusions
Advanced Materials Processes, July 2005, p 29
Al???
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OK..which "aluminum" is it?
1050 1145 2014 2024 2219 2618
3003 3004 3105 4032 4043 5005
5052 5083 5154 5182 5262 5652 6010 6061 6262 6463
7005 7050 7072 7075 7175 7178 7475 7229 . . .
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OK..which "aluminum" is it?
1050 1145 2014 2024 2219 2618
3003 3004 3105 4032 4043 5005
5052 5083 5154 5182 5262 5652 6010 6061 6262 6463
7005 7050 7072 7075 7175 7178 7475 7229
Alloy designation NOT same as steels
In fact, no carbon at all in ordinary Al alloys
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1050 1145 2014 2024 2219 2618
3003 3004 3105 4032 4043 5005
5052 5083 5154 5182 5262 5652 6010 6061 6262 6463
7005 7050 7072 7075 7175 7178 7475 7229
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Heres the scoop -
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So, does alloying affect the properties?
Al alloy containing 4.4 Cu (say 2024) can be
heat treated to strength level much higher than
that of pure Al
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So, does alloying affect the properties?
Al alloy containing 4.4 Cu (say 2024) can be
heat treated to strength level much higher than
that of pure Al
Yield strength Tensile strength Low-strengt
h 30 ksi 60 ksi
steel Pure aluminum 5 ksi
13 ksi Al alloy 2024-T4 47 ksi
68 ksi
Whats this??
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T4 designates a heat treatment (Al alloys
only) "solution heat-treated, quenched, and
naturally aged to a substantially stable
condition"
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Assignments for next class 1. review today's
classnotes know steel and aluminum alloy
designation schemes 2. check syllabus materials
at http//www.ems.psu.edu/ryba/coursework/259/m
atse20259.html 3. Read sects. 3.12, 4.3,
5.1 pps. 261-262 start chapter 6