In the early years....

1
In the early years....

• Wildlife provided the bulk of food available
• Supplies seemed exhaustible
• Humans destroyed wildlife habitat

2
Characteristics of Wildlife

• All vertebrate animals are wildlife
• Vertebrates-animals with backbones
• Have many of the same characteristics as humans
• growth processes
• laws of heredity
• general cell structure

3
Environment without control

• Must adapt or perish
• Possess senses for protection from predators
• Avoid overpopulation

4
Wildlife Relationships

• Parasitism
• Mutualism
• Predation
• Commensalism
• Competition

5
Parasitism

• Relationship between two organisms, either plants
  or animals, in which one feeds on the other
  without killing it.
• Parasites can be internal or external

6
Mutualism

• Two types of animals that live together for
  mutual benefit
• There are many examples of mutualism in the
  wildlife community

7
Predation

• When one animal eats another animal
• Is important in controlling populations of
  wildlife

8
Commensalism

• A Plant or animal that lives in, on, or with
  another, sharing its food, but not helping or
  harming it
• One species is helped, but the other is neither
  helped or harmed

9
Competition

• When different species of wildlife compete for
  the same
• food supply
• nesting sites
• breeding sites
• One species may increase in numbers while the
  other declines

10
Relationships Between Wildlife and Humans

• Biological
• Ecological
• Economic
• food
• clothing
• shelter

11
Six Positive Values

• Commercial
• Recreational
• Biological
• Aesthetic
• Scientific
• Social

12
Commercial

• Sale of wildlife or wildlife products
• Raising of animals for
• hunting
• fishing

13
Recreational

• Hunting and Fishing
• Watching
• Photographing

14
Biological

• Value of the biological relationship between
  humans and wildlife is difficult to measure
• Examples
• Pollination of crops
• Soil Improvement
• Water conservation
• Control of parasites

15
Aesthetic

• Refers to beauty
• Is not measurable in economic terms
• Can contribute to the mental well-being of the
  human race

16
Scientific

• Often benefits humans
• Has existed since the beginning of time
• Early humans watched wild animals to determine
  which plants and berries were safe to eat

17
Social

• Difficult to measure
• Wildlife has the ability to enhance the value of
  their surroundings just by their presence
• Provide humans the opportunity for variety in
  outdoor recreation, hobbies, and adventure

18
Classifications of Wildlife Management

• Farm
• Forest
• Wetlands
• Stream
• Lakes and Ponds

19
Future of Wildlife in the U.S.

• A bright future is not ensured for all species
• Human population continues to compete
• Outlook is not bleak, however
• Humans have recognized the ability to coexist
• Humans are working to clean-up the environment
• Parks and wildlife refuges are increasing in
  numbers