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Winter Encampments

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First Winter at Morristown ... Suffered food and clothing shortages 1/5 of soldiers at Valley Forge died of disease and malnutrition The Winter at Valley Forge ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Winter Encampments


1
Winter Encampments
  • Valley Forge, PA and Jockey Hollow, NJ

2
First Winter at Morristown 1776-1777
  • After his successful operations in 1776-1777 and
    the defeat of the British at Trenton and
    Princeton, General George Washington chose
    Morristown, New Jersey for his winter encampment.

3
Why Morristown?
  • For strategic reasons it was ideal
  • He was 31 miles from New York City, hence would
    have adequate time to defend against a British
    move against either the Hudson Highlands, or
    against Philadelphia.
  • At the same time he was protected from an attack
    by the Watchung Mountains and swamplands to the
    east, and the Ramapo Hills which ran north to
    join the Hudson Highlands.

4
First Winter at Morristown 1776-1777
  • During.the Revolutionary War period there were
    very few roads and the countryside was densely
    wooded, making the few existing passes very
    defensible.

5
First Winter at Morristown 1776-1777
6
First Winter at Morristown 1776-1777
7
First Winter at Morristown 1776-1777
8
First Winter at Morristown 1776-1777
9
The Winter at Valley Forge
  • Entry of France and Spain came at a critical time
  • Continental Army running low on supplies.
  • Suffered food and clothing shortages
  • 1/5 of soldiers at Valley Forge died of disease
    and malnutrition

10
The Winter at Valley Forge
  • Housing
  • 2,000 dirt-floored, drafty wooden huts lined up
    in streets like a village
  • Soldiers
  • Blood stained ground
  • Some had no shoes
  • Toes left bloody tracks
  • Suffering from Hunger
  • Weather
  • A terrible winter
  • Over 6 feet of snow
  • Disease
  • About 2,000 Men died

11
The Winter at Valley Forge
  • Patriot troops were growing frustrated.
  • No pay, no clothes, no provisions.
  • Many soldiers deserted the army during the Winter
  • Conditions did improve throughout the winter
  • Supplies came from other countries
  • Martha Washington and other Patriot Women made
    clothes and food for the soldiers.
  • The army grows stronger every day,

12
Fredrich von Steuben
  • Former German Office
  • Came to help Washington
  • Drilled the Patriot troops during the Winter at
    Valley Forge
  • Taught Military discipline
  • He turned the ragged Continental Army into a more
    effective fighting force
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