Title: Behavioural measures of animal welfare (2) ?????????(2)
1Behavioural measures of animal welfare
(2)?????????(2)
2This module will enable you to????????
- Recognise and interpret behavioural indicators of
animal welfare?????????????,???????? - Identify possible causes of abnormal
behaviour??????????????????
3Introduction??
- Module 6
- How behavioural indicators are used in research,
to identify how animals feel about changes and
choices within their environment - ?????????????????????,????????????????????
- Todays session
- How you can use an animals behaviour to learn
about the animals welfare - ??????????????????????????
4Behavioural indicators - the normal
animal???????
- Alertness ??
- Curiosity ??
- Range of activities ?????
- Interaction with other members of the herd/flock
????????? - Interaction with humans/Aversion to humans
??????/???? - Play ??
5The normal animal Alertness??????
6The normal animal Curiosity??????
7The normal animal Range of activities?????????
???
8The normal animal Interaction with other
members of group/herd/flock???????/??????
9The normal animal Interaction with
humans??????????
10The normal animal Play??????
11The normal animal Influence of species, age,
breed and sex???????????????????????
12The experienced stockperson?????????
13Behavioural indicators of poor welfare???????????
- Limited range of activity???????
- Panting and/or sweating ???/???
- Huddling or shivering ???????
- Depression ??
- Abnormal fear or aggression towards humans
??????????? - Stereotypies and other behavioural abnormalities
????????????
141a) Limited range of activity 1a)???????
- May affect individuals or a whole group, and
includes ??????????,?? - Restricted space in intensive farming systems or
laboratory housing ???????????????? - Close tethering ?????
- Lameness ??
- Increased lying time (due to lameness, disease,
obesity or weakness) ???????(??????????????)
151b) Limited range of activity due to confined
housing1b) ??????????????
161c) Limited range of activity due to close
tethering 1c ) ?????????????
171d) Limited range of activity due to lameness
1d)????????????
- Lame animals suffer as ??????,??
- They are in pain ?
- They do not interact normally with other herd
members ???????????? - They are often thin because they cannot move
easily to feed ?????????? - They may suffer urine scalding or develop sores
from lying down for long periods
?????????????,???????????
181e) Increased lying time due to weakness,
disease, obesity 1e)???,??,?????????
- Weakness??
- Chronic starvation????
- Rapid muscle growth in broilers and
turkeys???????????? - Many diseases cause exhaustion or collapse, if
they are not treated???????????? - Obesity is an important issue among pet
animals??????????
192. Panting and/or sweating2???????
- Heat stress???
- Fever??
- Overcrowding??
- Fear??
- Identify the cause???????
- ambient temperature????????
- stocking density?????
- signs of disease??????
203. Huddling or shivering 3. ??????
- Cold ?
- Does not usually affect most animals except in
extreme environments ????,?????????? - Often affects very young animals ?????????
- More likely where animals are wet and chilled by
wind ??????????????????? - More likely if young animals have not been
fed??????????????? - Fear ??
214. Depression 4. ??
225. Abnormal fear or aggression towards humans
5.????????????
- Normal depends upon species, breed and previous
contact with humans ???????(1)?? (2)??
(3)??????????? - Animals learn from experience abnormal fear or
aggression may indicate previous
cruelty??????????????????????????
235. Abnormal fear or aggression towards humans
Cows 5.??????????????
- Dairy cows who are frequently handled should not
be afraid of people ?????????????
245. Abnormal fear or aggression towards humans
Pigs 5.?????????????
- Negative interactions for 15 - 30 seconds daily
cause pigs to be less willing to approach
stationary humans ???15-30???????????,????????????
- Positive interactions cause pigs to be more
willing to approach stationary humans?????????????
??????
25Time to interaction with stockperson?????????
(Gonyou et al., 1986)
Time to interact (s)??????
0
50
100
150
After negative interaction??????
After no interaction????
After positive interaction?????
266. Stereotypies and other behavioural
abnormalities 6.??????????????(Mason Rushen
2006)
27Conclusions/Summary??/??
- The behaviour of animals can tell us a great deal
about their welfare????????????????????????? - If animal behaviour indicates poor welfare, we
need to investigate its causes and then identify
potential solutions?????????????,????????,????????
??
28Further Reading????
- GONYOU HW, HEMSWORTH PH, BARNETT JL 1986. Effects
of frequent interactions with humans on growing
pigs. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci 16 269-278 - MASON G RUSHEN J (Eds). 2006 Stereotypic Animal
Behaviour, 2nd edition Fundamentals and
Applications to Welfare. CABI, Wallingford, UK - WEBSTER J 1994 Animal Welfare A Cool Eye Towards
Eden. Blackwell Science, Oxford