Biological Oxidation

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• ? ? ? ?
• Biological Oxidation

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????????????????,????????????????????????,????CO2
? H2O?????????????CO2,????????,???????(cellular
respiration)?
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????????????

• ????
• ????????(CO2,H2O)??????

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• ??????????????
• ???????????
• ?????????ATP??
• ????????
• ??????????H2O
• ???????CO2

????
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??? ??ATP?????The Oxidation System of ATP
Producing

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??ATP

• ?????
• ??????????21KJ/mol?????,???? ?P?
• ???????

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???????
??????????? ?????????
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ATP??????
ATP
???(????) ???(??????) ???(????) ??(???) ??(????)
ADP
??????????????ATP????
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???????
(oxidative phosphorylation)
??????????????ADP???,??ATP,?????????
???????? (substrate level phosphorylation)
?????????????,?????,?ADP?????ATP????
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(?)???

• ??
• ???????????(2H)????????????????????,?????????,????
  ?????????(respiratory chain),???????(electron
  transfer chain)?
• 2H ? 2H 2e

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1? ? ? ? ? ? ?
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???????????????(complex)
?? ? Cyt c ?????????????
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?????????????????
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???
??? ??
???
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???? NADH-?????

• ?? ????NADH????? (ubiquinone)

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??(??Q, CoQ, Q)
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???????
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???? ???-?????

• ?? ????????????

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?????????????????????????,??????????????
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2???????????
??????? ? ???????? ?
????? ? ??????? ? ???????????
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NADH?????
FADH2?????
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? NADH????? NADH ??????Q ??????Cyt c
??????O2 ? ???????? ??? ????? ?Q ??????Cyt c
??????O2
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?????
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(?)?????????
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??????????
?????????
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(?) ??????????

• 1. ??????(chemiosmotic hypothesis)
• ?????????,????(H)?????????????????,??????????????
  ????????????????ADP?Pi??ATP?

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??????
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2. ATP??
ATP???????
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?H??????F0?a???c???????,???????,3?ß??????????
ATP???????
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(?)??????????
1. ???
? ?????? ? ???? ? ????????
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?????????????
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?????????????????
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?????????(?????????)
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• ???(oligomycin)
• ?????F0??????,??ATP??

???
ATP???????
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(?)ADP????? (?)????? Na,KATP??????????????? (?
)???DNA?? ????DNA??????
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???????? ???????
?µH ?????????Hm?????HHc ?????H
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??????????????
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(?) ???NADH???

• ????
• a-??????
• (a-glycerophosphate shuttle)
• ???-??????
• (malate-asparate shuttle)

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1. a-????????
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2. ???-????????
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(?)???????
(adenine nucleotide transporter)
??ADP?ATP ????
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(?)???????????
??????? ? ??????????? ? ???????? ?
?????????????????????? ? ??????? ? ??????
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• ??? ??????
• The Others Oxidation Enzyme Systems

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???????????
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????????????
(?)?????(catalase) ????,????4????
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(?)?????(perioxidase) ???????,??H2O2????????????

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?????????
???? ????(O2?)?H2O2?????(OH)????
SOD
2O2? 2H
H2O2 O2
?????
H2O O2
SOD??????? (superoxide dismutase)
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?????????
3. ????????????
H2O2 (ROOH)
NADP
2G SH
???????
H2O (ROHH2O)
NADPHH
G S S G
??????????????????
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?????????
(?)????(monoxygenase)
?????
RH NADPH H O2
ROH NADP H2O
??????????(mixed-function oxidase) ????(hydroxylas
e)?
??????????P450 (Cyt P450)???
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(?)????
?????????2?????????????2??????
? ?