The Road to the American Revolution

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The Road to the American Revolution
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Causes

• Enlightenment Political Ideology
• The French and Indian War
• Taxation (without representation)

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The Enlightenment
Copernicus
Galileo
Newton
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Enlightenment Political Science
John Locke
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The Social Contract
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The Enlightenment and American Colonists
Puritans in Massachusetts
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The Enlightenment and American Colonists
Catholics in Maryland
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The Enlightenment and American Colonists
Second and Third Sons
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The Enlightenment and American Colonists
Paroled Prisoners and Debtors In Georgia
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The Enlightenment and American Colonists
Scots-Irish
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The Enlightenment and American Colonists
Quakers and Germans in Pennsylvania
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A history of constitutional law and
self-government
1215The Magna Carta
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A history of constitutional law and
self-government
1619The Virginia House of Burgesses
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A history of constitutional law and
self-government
1620The Mayflower Compact
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150 years of salutary neglect

• A history of religious tolerance
• Massachusetts Charter of 1691
• The Great Awakening
• Quaker revival
• A history of literacy and free speech
• Puritans established schools
• Harvard, William and Mary, Yale
• Poor Richards Almanac
• John Peter Zenger and freedom of the press

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Enlightenment Political Thinking

• 1. Fundamental God-given rights and the social
  contract (John Locke)
• 2. Colonists who came from disaffected groups
  (Puritans, Primogeniture, Prisoners, Poor)
• 3. A history of constitutional law and
  self-government (Magna Carta, Representative
  Assemblies, Mayflower Compact)
• 4. A history of freedom of religion, speech, and
  the press
• 5. A history of education and literacy

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Causes

• Enlightenment Political Ideology
• The French and Indian War
• Taxation (without representation)

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The French and Indian War1754-1763
Colonel George Washington Virginia Militia,
British Army
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Fort Necessity
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Washington forced to surrender
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British defeats indicate they can be beaten
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War debtpounds and promises
William Pitt
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Effects of the Treaty of Paris

• England gains French territory in N. America
• Indians lose French support against English
  colonists
• Pontiac begins attacking English settlements.
  While he is eventually defeatedlasting tension
  between indians and English colonists remains in
  the region

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The Proclamation of 1763

• No settlement allowed west of Appalachians
• Convinced Americans that their government was
  insensitive to their needs
• Convinced Americans that their government could
  not enforce its orders
• 10,000 British troops left in colonies for
  protectionto be paid for by the colonists

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The French and Indian War1754-1763

• Part of a world war
• British win in North America
• French disappear as a threat to colonists
• Raises doubts in America about England
• Raises doubts and debts in England

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Causes

• Enlightenment Political Ideology
• The French and Indian War
• Taxation (without representation)

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1763-1775A Series of Unfortunate Events
Cause
Cause
Effect
Effect
Reaction
Action
Reaction
Action
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Cause Sugar Act of 1764

• Taxed imported molasses
• Prohibited imported rum
• Required a clearance certificate for cargoes of
  both
• Stiffened penalties for bribing customs officials
• Gave blanket probable cause for seizure

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Effect Protests and Boycotts
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Cause Quartering Act and Stamp Act of 1765
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Effect Stamp Act Congress and the Sons of Liberty
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Colonists maintain clear, consistent
position--only colonial assemblies have right to
tax thembecause they have no representation in
Parliament
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Effect Stamp Act Repealed
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Cause Declaratory and Townshend Acts (1766,1767)
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Effect Massachusetts Colonial Assembly calls
colonies to unite for the common defense
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Effect Assembly dissolved andJohn Hancocks
ship seized
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Effect Tax Officials Chased Away, Troops Called
In
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John Adams
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Cause Declaratory and Townshend Acts (1766,1767)
Call to Arms
Dissolve Assembly
Townshend Acts
Boston Massacre (1770)
Chase away commissioners
Call for troops (1768)
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Lord North takes over from Lord Townshend
Lord North
Lord Townshend
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Gaspee Incident 1772
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The Boston Tea Party--1773
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1st Continental Congress1774
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The Suffolk Resolves

• Denounced the Intolerable Acts
• Urged the formation of minutemen
• Called for suspension of trade with Britain

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Lexington and Concord--1775