???????????? Constructivist Strategies for Teaching English in Primary Schools

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????????????Constructivist Strategies for
Teaching English in Primary Schools

• College of Education, Zhejiang University
• ???????? ???
• chuxh_at_126.com
• 2005-12-15

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???? Outline

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1????????????
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1.1 ????????

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1.1.1 ???????

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• ????????????????????????,??????????
• ??????????????????????(????????????????????????)?
  
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1.1.2 ????????

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• ???????????????????,?????????

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1.1.3 ????????

• ?????
• ????????????(stage setter)????(facilitator)?
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(No Transcript)
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1.2.1?????????
Notice??
Link ??
Succeed??
Want??
Inquire??
Engage ??
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Children learn English

• ???????????
• ???????????
• ?????????(????????????)
• ??????????????,?????????????????
• ???????????????

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?????The natural way
Exposure to language ????
Comprehension ????
Imitation ??
Active use ????
Language input????
Language output????
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1.2.2 ???????????External Conditions for
Children Learning English
?????Correct demonstration
??????Understandable input
?????Adequate practice
?????Stress-free atmosphere
?????Positive reinforcement
Clear objectives ???
??????Meaningful interaction
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1.2.3?????

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1.3 ?????????Related Constructivist Principles
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1.3.1 ?????????????

• Learner-Centered perspective
• ????????????
• Communication-Oriented approach??????????
• Activity-Based interaction
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???????Learner-Centeredness

• ????????? needs and interests
• ?????? individualization of learning
• ??????? learner autonomy
• ????????????? Offer enjoyable and active roles in
  the learning experience
• ??????????,?????????
• ?????????????????????(????)
• ???????????????????????????(??????)?

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?????Communication-Orientedness

• ?????Teaching in English
• ?????Understandable input
• ??????? Scaffolding
• ?????Authentic language
• ?????Meaningful communication
• ??? ??? Info-gap interaction
• ??????????Speech-based skill development
• ?????????????? Provide clear objectives and
  feedback on performance

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????? Activity-Basedness

• ????????????????? Use multiple intelligence and
  topic-based activities
• ??/????? learning by activities/tasks
• ????Total physical response (TPR)
• ?????Activity/Task-based learning
• ???Learning by doing
• ?????? Creative classroom activities
• ???? Cooperative learning
• ????Learning by teaching (LBT)

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??? Questions to consider

1. ????????????????????????????,????????????????
2. ????????????????????,?????????????????
3. ???????????????
4. ????????????/????????????
5. ?????????????????

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Q1????????????????????????????,????????????????

• A?????????????????????????,????????????,???????
  ???????????????????????????????????,????????????
  ??????????????,???????????????????????????????

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Q2????????????????????,?????????????????

• A??,????????????,????????????????????,???????????
  ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????

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Q3???????????????

• A??????????????????,?????
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• ???????,???????????????????

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Q4????????????????????

• A?????,????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????,??????????????
• ??????,?? ?????,???????????,????????
  ???????? ????????????,?????????????????

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Q5?????????????????

• A ?????????(????)????????(stage
  setter)????(facilitator)?
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• ???????????
• ?????????????
• ?????????
• ??????????
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1.3.2 ???????????????

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1) ??????????????

• ???????????(???????)
• ???????????
• ??Now listen and repeat.
• ?? (????????) Books out, please.
• ????????????
• Eyes to the front, please. Back to the class.
  
• Work in twos / pairs. Well done. I like it.
• ??Face the class.
• ??Speak up. Say it louder.
• Just the girls. The girls only.

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2 )????????

• ??
• ??Whats your name? Im Sarah. Show me your
  pencil. This is my nose. Many
• ??sharpener,
• ??I have a pencil. Look at me.
• ????pink ball, Act like a cat.
• ??thirteen, thirty, Chinese,
• ??May I have a look? (???)

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• ??
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3 )???????????

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4 )???????????

• ??????????????
• ????? (information gap)??
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• ?????
• ????
• ????
• ?????
• ????

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5 )????????

• ???????????????
• ?????????????????
• ??????????????
• ??????
• ??????????????
• ????????(accuracy or fluency?)
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• ??????????????

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6 )????????????

• ????????
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• ??????,???????
• ????,????????????
• ????,?????

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?????Chanting and singing

• IV-A-3-B Lets chant
• Friends are like you and me.
• Some are old, some are new.
• Some like green, some like blue.
• Friends are like me and you.
• Now you make it a song.

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• IV-A-4-A Lets do
• Go to the living room. Watch TV.
• Go to the study. Read a book.
• Go to the kitchen. Have a snack.
• Go to the bathroom. Take a shower.
• Go to the bed room. Have a sleep.
• Open the window. Sing a song.

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• VI-A-4-B Lets Chant
• Moms in the living room.
• Dad is too.
• Im in the bedroom.
• Where are you?
• Brothers in the kitchen.
• Sister is too.
• Im in the bedroom.
• Where are you?

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7 )???????????

• ???????(Respect)???(Empathy)???(Authenticity)?????
  ???????,??????,??????????????
• ????????????,?????
• ??????,??????TTT (teacher talking time),??STT
  (Student Talking Time)?
• ???????(?where, what, who, why, how, when
  ?)????????
• ??wait time,????????????????????

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• ????????,????????,????????????
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8 )???????????

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• ????????????????,????????(????),????
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9 )????????????

• ?????? (????heterogeneous groups)
• ?????? cooperative learning
• ?????? peer teaching
• ?????? more choral practice
• ?????? activating students roles (both low and
  high achievers)
• ?????? making use of individual differences

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10 )????????????

• ???????????????????
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• Thank you for your attention!
• Good luck with your teaching!

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??????Language Activities

• Listening
• ????Listen and repeat
• ????Listen and guess
• ????Listen and act (match/find/draw, etc)
• Speaking
• ????Draw and ask questions
• ????Whisper a sentence
• ????Pairs finding
• ????Speaking chain
• ???Story telling
• ????Guessing games
• ????Interview/survey

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• Reading
• ???? Phonics
• ???? Read and colour
• ???? Read and match
• ???? Read and draw
• ???? Word games
• Writing
• ???? Spelling bee
• ???? Enriched dictation
• ???? Describing the picture
• ??? Journal writing

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Activities from New Standard EnglishPhonics
Rhyme
Im a cat, cat, cat in a cap, cap, cap.

• Long lizard long,
• Lying on a log.
• Look at the lizard,
• Lying on a log.

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Chant with TPR
Chant with TPR

• Point to the window.
• Point to the door.

Point to the ceiling. Point to the floor.
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• Work and play,
• Work and play.
• In the classroom every day.
• Work and play,
• Work and play.
• We have fun every day.
• Jingle Bells

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Songs
I can sing a rainbow
Red and yellow and pink and green. Purple and
orange and blue. I can sing a rain bow, sing a
rainbow, sing a rainbow, too.
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Head, shoulders, knees and toes
Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes.
Eyes and ears, and mouth and nose. Head,
shoulders, knees and toes, knees and toes.
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The three bears (Book 1)
Stories
These are the three bears. This is Father Bear.
Hes fat. This is
Mother Bear. Shes big.
This is Baby Bear. Hes small.
The bears are in the forest.
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• The three little pigs (Book 2)

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????Multiple Intelligences

1. ?????? Linguistic intelligence (word smart)
2. ??-??? Logical-mathematical intelligence
   (logic/math smart")
3. ?????? Spatial intelligence (picture smart)
4. ?????? Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence (body
   smart)
5. ?????? Musical intelligence (music smart)
6. ??????Interpersonal intelligence ("people smart")
   
7. ?????? Intrapersonal intelligence ("self smart")
8. ???????Naturalist intelligence (nature smart)

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????The Eight Intelligences
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????? Scaffolding

• ???????????
• Getting children interested in the task
• ?????????
• Simplifying the task breaking it down into
  smaller steps
• ???????,??????Keeping children on task reminding
  them of goals
• ????
• Pointing out what is important
• ??/????Preventing/managing frustration