Evidence about Past Earthquakes From Faults

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Evidence about Past Earthquakes From Faults

• By Thomas Solowynsky, Tom Mulally, Victoria
  Flis, Omar Oregel

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Faults

• There are many faults that tell us different
  effects and are caused by earthquakes.
• Faults form because of extension or compression.
• In Moab, faults are not active right now.
• We will explain about earthquakes and what is
  different between small faults and huge faults.

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Extension makes normal faults

• Stretching of the ground is called Extension
• Extension causes normal faults to form

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Identify Faults

• Some layers and faults are exposed so clearly
  like show different kind of stones and slips. Its
  can tell us if its compression or extension. Or
  some layers and faults are in a mess and many
  slips. Sometime its hard to identify the stone
  because it was mixed up and deformation.

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Earthquake

• Earthquakes tend to start from the movement in
  aethenosphere and it will hit to lithosphere.
• In the western of U.S., earthquakes can go up to
  magnitude 6.0 or 7.0.

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Small Faults

• Small faults were caused by either many small or
  one medium earthquakes.
• In Moab and Arches National Park, small faults
  tend to clearly show slips and layers.
• It is easy to identify kind of rocks and match
  the layers.

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Examples of small faults
Small Faults
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Slip on small faults
Slip on faults
Slip on faults
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Huge Faults

• Earthquakes cause the rocks to move by slip on
  the fault.
• Near the fault, the rock gets broken into lots of
  pieces from power of earthquakes.
• Lots of power lots of broken rocks
• There is a lot of grinding close to faults.

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Huge Faults
Slip
Fault
Not Very Broken Rocks
Very Broken Rocks!
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More About Huge Faults

• Water goes through faults easily because of
  cracks and broken rocks.
• When old age rocks are together with younger age
  rocks, we must have a big fault.
• Over time rain falls onto the mountain and the
  mountain is made more smooth shaped. This is
  erosion.

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Huge Fault Features
Different color
Fault
Different color
Fault
Young Rocks
Youngest Rocks
Oldest Rocks
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Conclusions

• Evidence in the field tells us that old faults
  once produced earthquakes
• Small earthquakes
• Simple cracks with small amount of slip
• Large earthquakes
• Lots of broken rocks
• Large faults are easy places for water to flow

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• Thanks for watching our ?presentation?