Title: UNIT 2
1UNIT 2 Physical activity concepts and health
outcomes
2A.O.S 2 Physical activity concepts and health
outcomes Physical activity guidelines and
prevalence of physical activity and sedentary
behaviour Factors influencing physical activity
3Key knowledge
- The concepts of physical activity, inactivity and
sedentary behaviour - Physical, social and mental health benefits of
regular participation in physical activity - The increased health risks associated with being
physically inactive, including type-2 diabetes,
obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and
high cholesterol levels
4Key skills
- Define the concepts of physical activity,
inactivity and sedentary behaviour - Participate in a variety of activities
- Collect and analyse information related to the
health benefits (physical, social, emotional) of
physical activity - Identify the consequences of physical inactivity
and sedentary behaviour
5OVERVIEW
6What is Physical Activity?
- Physical activity may be defined as any bodily
movement produced by skeletal muscles that result
in energy expenditure (expressed as kilocalories
or kilojoules). - Physical activity may also be classified as
structured or incidental. - Structured planned (such as organised sport)
- Incidental less structured than a planned
activity - Most people engage in a combination of incidental
and structured physical activity that contributes
to their overall fitness and wellbeing
7What is Physical Activity?
- You have 5 minutes to write down anything that
you think constitutes a physical activity.
8What is Physical Activity?
9Incidental Physical Activity
- Incidental physical activity is what happens in
your daily life - List anything that you have done today that would
be a form of incidental activity
10Incidental Physical Activity
- Incidental activities can occur during daily
activities such as doing the housework, walking
or cycling to school, working in the garden or
playing with your little brother or sister - Often the primary goal is not physical activity
but may be a result of your daily needs - Does this now make your list change?
11Incidental Physical Activity
- Subcategories of physical activity that could be
classified as incidental
12Structure/Planned Physical Activity
- At times we often participate in exercise and
sport these are 2 common subcategories of
physical activity that are structured or planned. - List all of the types of structured or planned
physical activities that you participated in over
the last week.
13Structure/Planned Physical Activity
- Subcategories of physical activity classified as
planned activities
14Kilocalorie
- DEFINITION the amount of heat required to raise
the temperature of 1kg of water 1c Kilocalorie
is the ordinary calorie discussed in food or
exercise energy expenditure tables and food labels
15Kilojoule
- DEFINITION a unit of energy, where 4.18
kilojoules is equivalent to one kilocalorie
16Sport
- DEFINITION physical involvement in organised
games or activities within an accepted set of
rules
17Play
- DEFINITION amusing oneself pleasantly in a
light-hearted way with a recreation, game or
exercise.
18Regular Physical Activity
- You will start to gain an understanding of
physical activity guidelines - Physical activity guidelines are set nationally
and internationally and encourage participation
in regular physical activity at least 5 days/week - Do you meet these guidelines?
19Inactivity
- Physical inactivity is defined as people
undertaking insufficient physical activity to
achieve measurable health outcomes. - Many chronic diseases are caused by inactivity
20Sedentary Behaviour
- Sedentary means staying in the same place for
much of the time and expending low amounts of
energy - Highly active people can also be highly sedentary
- Can you name activities that would be regarded as
being highly sedentary?
21Sedentary Behaviour
- Sedentary behaviours include activities that
require around 1-2 METs to perform - MET (metabolic equivalent) is the amount of
energy you expend at rest - 2 METs is twice the energy expenditure of resting
levels
22Domains of Physical Activity
- Physical activity can take place during leisure
time, work, while performing household chores,
gardening or yard work or as a form of transport
to different locations
23Leisure-Time Activity Domain
- Leisure-time activity is considered activity that
is over and above that which occurs within the
workplace - Leisure-time physical activity is performed
during recreation when a person has the freedom
to choose an enjoyable activity - Can you name 2 or 3 leisure time activities?
24Leisure-Time Activity Domain
25Household/Gardening Domain
- The activities that you carry out around the
house and garden provide an important source of
physical activity - Name as many jobs around the house that would be
considered a physical activity?
26Household/Gardening Domain
- Scrubbing, sweeping, vacuuming, washing windows,
raking leaves, digging, mowing and painting (the
list is endless Im sure your parents will
agree - For many older people this is an essential form
of physical activity
27Physical Activity Guidelines
28How much is enough????
29Occupational Domain
- This is the physical activity performed regularly
as part of ones work or occupation. Some people
have highly active jobs (labourers, personal
trainers, etc.) while a number of jobs are of a
sedentary nature (office jobs) - Choose 1 form of employment and name all of the
tasks that you would do in that job?
30Active Transport Domain
- Active transport is physical activity performed
while travelling to a specific destination (such
as school, work, the post box, etc.) such as
walking, cycling, public transport, etc. This is
also helpful for the environment.
31Taking it further
32Dimensions of physical activity
- Before you go on to learn about the physical
activity guidelines and measurement of physical
activities you need a sound understanding of the
fundamental dimensions of physical activity. The
dimensions include - ACTIVITY TYPE
- FREQUENCY
- INTENSITY
- DURATION
33Activity Type
- There are hundreds of different types of physical
activity that people can participate in. These
can be classified in the following categories
based on the physical activity pyramid - Lifestyle physical activities
- Active aerobic activities
- Active sports and recreation
- Flexibility activities
- Strength and muscular endurance activities
- The FIT formula refers to
- F-Frequency I-Intensity T-Time
34Activity Type page 247
35Lifestyle physical activity
- Lifestyle physical activities are the most common
form of daily physical activity - These activities should be performed on a daily
basis - Think of 10 activities that you do throughout the
week that fall under this category use the
pyramid to assist you.
36Lifestyle physical activity
37Frequency
- The number of times a person engages in physical
activity within a given time frame is referred to
as frequency - The adult guidelines recommend that people are
active on most days at least 5 or more days /
week
38Intensity
- The intensity of an activity refers to how much
effort is required to engage in an activity - Intensity is classified as light, moderate or
vigorous according to how much energy is expended
during the activity - How could you determine the level of intensity
within an activity?
39Intensity
40Intensity
41Intensity energy expenditure
- Refer to pages 250-252 for examples
42Duration
- Duration refers to how long a person is active
for within a given time period. The physical
activity guidelines generally recommend people
engage in 30,60 or 90 minutes daily or most days
depending on their age and weight
43Thinking it through
- Define the terms physical activity, exercise,
sport and play - Explain the difference between inactivity and
sedentary behaviour - Outline three characteristics of lifestyle
physical activities - Refer to the physical activity pyramid (p.247)
and discuss which activities should be engaged in
most and which activities should be performed
least during a typical week
44Thinking it through
- What is the minimum bout of exercise recommended
for health benefits? - Identify four methods of determining intensity
- Explain what 5METs refer to
- Define vigorous intensity and provide three
examples of physical activities generally
performed at a vigorous intensity
45Homework Task