T

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Tú Commands
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• Tú commands are actually very easy to form.
  But the big thing to remember is that affirmative
  commands are very different from negative
  commands.
• Affirmative Commands
• A tú affirmative command is just the 3rd person
  singular indicative form of the verb
• hablo hablamos como comemos
  vivo vivimos
• hablas habláis comes coméis
  vives vivís
• habla hablan come comen
  vive viven

habla
come
vive
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• So to form an affirmative command, just go to the
  3rd person singular . . .
• . . . except for the irregulars
• salir sal poner pon
• decir di hacer haz
• ser sé ir ve
• venir ven tener ten
• So for salir, for example, you dont go
• salgo
• sales
• sale
• The tú command of salir is sal because its
  irregular.

NO!!!
NO!!!
NO!!!
NO!!!
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• Click here to go to a brief practice exercise.

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• One more thing about tú affirmative commands
  you have to put object pronouns on the END.
• come eat cómelo eat it
• haz make hazlas make them
• sienta seat siéntate sit down
• lee read léele read to him

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• A note about accent marks
• There are two rules for accentuation in Spanish
• If the word ends in vowel, -n, or s, the stress
  falls on the next-to-last syllable.
• hombre interesante comen comemos
  trabajas muchacho
• If the word ends in anything else, the stess
  falls on the last syllable.
• comenzar mujer feliz usted
  reloj insistir pared
• If either rule is broken, theres a written
  accent mark.
• Rule 1 broken
  
  Rule 2 broken
• montón interés jabalí espíritu
  árbol Pérez carácter

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• Now you have another rule of accentuation to
  consider whenever you add something to the base
  (masculine singular form of an adjective,
  singular of a noun, simple verb form), you have
  to keep the stress where it is. In some cases,
  that means taking an accent mark off
• alemán
• If you add something to the masculine singular
  form, you want to keep the stress where it
  originally was, so when we make the above word
  plural or feminine, we want to keep the stress on
  the a
• alemana alemanes alemanas
• In alemán, rule 1 is broken, and we need an
  accent mark. But whenever we add a, -es, or as
  to it, rule 1 says that now the accent should
  fall on the a, which is where we want it, since
  thats where it is in the masculine singular. So
  we take off the accent mark.
• The same will hold true for any word ending in
  ón
• composición composiciones millón millones
  lección lecciones
• The opposite is true for words like joven.
  According to rule 1, the stress falls on the o.
  No problemit does. But when we make it plural,
  we want the stress to remain on the o
• jóvenes
• Rule 1 says that the stress in jóvenes should
  fall on the first e. But we want it to fall
  where it did in the singular form, so we have to
  add an accent mark.

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• So what does this have to do with tú commands,
  you ask. Lets look at a tú command
• come
• According to rule 1, the stress falls on the o.
  No problem. If we add anything to it, like a
  pronoun (which is actually the only thing we CAN
  add to it), we have to keep the stress on the o
• cómelo
• Rule 1 tells us that in the above word, the
  stress should fall on the e, which is now the
  next-to-last syllable. But we want it on the o,
  where it was originally. So we have to put an
  accent mark on it.

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• Now back to our regularly scheduled program.
• Remember how I told you that negative tú commands
  are totally different from affirmative tú
  commands? The good news is that youve already
  learned how to form negative tú commands. The
  bad news is that its the subjunctive
• no hables no comas no salgas
• no digas no vuelvas no vayas

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• Click here if you want to go to the Power Point
  on forming the subjunctive.

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• One more thing about negative tú commands object
  pronouns come BEFORE them.
• No me hables.
• No te levantes.
• No lo leas.
• This is actually true of ALL commands
• Object pronouns come on the END of affirmative
  commands.
• Object pronouns come BEFORE negative commands.

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• To sum up
• Tú affirmative commands are the 3rd person
  singular indicative present
• habla come
  trae
• Tú negative commands are the 2nd person singular
  subjunctive present
• no hables no comas
  no traigas
• Pronouns go on the end of affirmative commands
• tráigalo
• Pronouns go BEFORE negative commands
• no lo traigas
• There are eight irregular AFFIRMATIVE commands.
  When those commands become negative, theyre the
  subjunctive, just like all other negative
  commands

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• Click here to go to your homework.