THE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH

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THE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH

• THE OLD SOUTH SLAVERY
• 1820-1860
• A10Q
• 7.10.30

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Essential Question

• To what degree was the South developing as a
  distinctively different region from the rest of
  the United States during the period 1820 to 1860?
  
• To what degree did slavery shape life in the
  South during this period?
• (Consider political, economic, social and
  intellectual aspects of life in the South)

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A. The Southern Economy

• Primarily agrarian
• Economic power shifted from the upper South to
  the lower South
• Cotton Is King!
• 1860 - 5 million Bales exported per year (57 of
  US exports)

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The Agricultural Economy of the South,1860
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Changes in Cotton Production
1860 ?
1820 ?
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Value of Cotton Exports As a Percentage of All
U.S. Exports
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A. The Southern Economy

• Very slow development of industry
• Rudimentary financial system.
• Economic dependence on North
• Inadequate transportation system.

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B. SOUTHERN SOCIETY (1850)
Slavocracyplantation owners, small
slaveowners
6,000,000
The Plain Folkwhite yeoman farmers, tenant
farmers,sandhillers,hill people
Black Freemen
250,000
Black Slaves3,200,000
Total US Population --gt 23,000,0009,450,000 in
the South 40
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Southern Society in 1860
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Slave-Owning Families (1850)
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B. WHITE SOCIETY CULTURE

• Why did many Southerners support the slave system
  when 75 didnt own slaves?
• Was there a change in attitude re slavery?
• How did they justify slavery?
• Who did NOT support the slave system?

Plantation House, St. Marys, MD (1830s)
Southern Yeoman farmers home
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B. WHITE SOCIETY CULTURE

• 3. Defense of Slavery White Supremacy
• necessary evil ? positive good
• Legal constitutional
• History
• Religious
• Better than North wage slaves
• Black Inferiority
• Among Southerners Elevated poor whites

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Southern Pro-Slavery Propaganda
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C. SLAVERY SLAVE CULTURE

• Peculiar Institution
• Slave trade - Middle Passage
• Protection under law
• Constitution Art IV, Sec 2
• Fugitive Slave Act (1793)

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US Laws Regarding Slavery

1. U. S. Constitution 3/5s compromise I.2
   fugitive slave clause IV.2
2. 1793 --gt Fugitive Slave Act.
3. 1850 --gt stronger Fugitive Slave Act.

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Paths of the Internal Slave Trade
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C. SLAVERY SLAVE CULTURE

• 4. Slave Life Culture
• Black Christianity Baptists or Methodists
  more emotional worship services negro
  spirituals.
• Nuclear family with extended kin links, where
  possible.
• Importance of music in
• their lives. esp.spirituals.
• Slave codes
• Resistance
• Nat Turner
• Sambo

Slave Rebellions and Uprisings, 1800-1831
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Slave Cabin and Occupants Near Eufala, Barbour
County, Alabama
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(No Transcript)
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Sources

• Library of Congress Prints and Photographs
  Division Online Catalog - http//lcweb2.loc.gov/pp
  /pphome.html
• Library of Congress African Mosaic -
  http//www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/afam015.html
• Africans in America PBS - http//www.pbs.org/wgb
  h/aia/rb_index_hd.html