Introduction to Website Development

1
Introduction toWebsite Development

• Key Terminology Concepts

2
Client Side Applications
HTML, JavaScript, Java Applets, and other
technologies can be executed on the client side
because it is viewed by your browser on your
computer.
For more information on Client Side vs. Server
Side Applications, read http//www.developer.com/t
ech/article.php/923111
3
Client-side
Applications on the World Wide Web that run on
the users server or computer and are executed by
the browser installed on the users computer.
Example JavaScript scripts are client-side
because they are executed by the clients browser.
4
JavaScript
A scripting language used to design interactive
Web sites.
JavaScript allows developers to create
interactive objects such as pop-up boxes,
mouse-over buttons, image maps, animation, and
drop-down menus that display on the client-side.
5
JAVA
A high-level programming language used to create
applications for Web sites.
Java applets are programs that are embedded in
other applications, typically in a Web page
displayed in a Web browser on the client-side.
6
AJAXAsynchronous JavaScript and XML
A grouping of technologies used to create dynamic
and interactive web content that loads and
updates at a faster rate of speed.

• Technologies combined together include the
  following HTML or XHTML, Cascading Style Sheets,
  JavaScript, the Document Object Model, XML, XSLT,
  and the XMLHttpRequest object.
• The technologies used together allow web pages to
  be updated without loading the entire browser
  page.

7
Server Side Applications
Web-based application that runs on the Web or
host server.
ASP, PHP, and other technologies can be
manipulated by the server side before sending the
web page to the client.
8
ASPApplication Service Provider
A third-party entity that manages and distributes
software-based services and solutions to
customers across a wide area network from a
central data center.
9
CSSCascading Style Sheets
Cascading style sheets are used to format the
layout of Web pages. They can be used to define
web page elements such as text styles and tables.
CSS makes it easy to change styles across several
pages at once. For example, a Web developer may
want to increase the default text size from 10pt
to 12pt for fifty pages of a Web site. If the
pages all reference the same style sheet, the
text size only needs to be changed on the style
sheet and all the pages will show the larger text.
10
CGICommon Gateway Interface
A specification for transferring information
between a World Wide Web server and any program
on the clients computer designed to accept and
return data.
11
Database
A collection of information organized in to
records of information so a computer program can
quickly access and select desired pieces of data.
12
J-Query
A free and open source JavaScript library that is
used by Web developers to navigate HTML
documents, handle events, perform animations and
add Ajax interactions to Web pages.
13
Open Source
A program in which the source code is available
to the general public for use and/or modification
from its original design free of charge.
14
Web Development Languages
15
Encoding
Preparing data for storage and transmission by
reducing redundancies and complexity.
To learn more about Web encoding, visit
http//www.phpwact.org/php/i18n/charsets
16
HTMLHypertext Mark-up Language
The authoring language used to create documents
on the World Wide Web
A set of tags that are used to mark up plain text
so that a browser application knows how to
display the text.
17
SGMLStandard Generalized Mark-up Language
The Web development language that establishes a
standard for defining mark-up languages. HTML is
a type of SGML.
18
SQULStructured query Language
A standardized query language for requesting
information from a database
19
PHPHypertext Preprocessor
A widely used, general-purpose scripting language
embedded into the HTML source document and used
to produce dynamic web pages.
PHP is the most popular language to create web
sites. PHP is an interpreted language and is
executed on server side contrary to scripts
executed on client side (a Javascript or a Java
applet executes on your computer)
20
XMLExtensible Markup Language
A common web development language created by W3C.
A pared-down version of SGML designed especially
for Web documents.
For more information, visit http//www.w3.org/Cons
ortium/
21
XHTMLextensible hypertext markup language
A hybrid between HTML and XML specifically
designed for Net device displays. XHTML is a
markup language written in XML and is a stricter
and cleaner version of HTML.
22
Organizations
23
ISOinternational organization for standardization
Sets international standards for computer
languages so computers can communicate
world-wide.
Used for multiple international business and
computer standards to ensure a standard of
quality and the ability to communicate.
24
W3CWorld Wide Web Consortium
An international consortium of organizations who
work together to set standards for the Internet
and the Web. The W3C was founded in 1994 by Tim
Berners-Lee.
For more information, visit http//www.w3.org/Cons
ortium/
25
Essential Questions Review
26
How does CSS save Web site developers time?

• Cascading Style Sheets save developers time by
  allowing Web site developers the ability to
  assign styles such as font size, font color, font
  style, line colors, table appearances, and
  headings to a single style sheet. That style
  sheet is then attached to all pages in the Web
  site.
• To update the styles of the entire site the Web
  developer only has to update the single style
  sheet and all pages are then updated.

27
Why is Ajax an important tool in Web site
development?

• Ajax allows Web site developers to combine
  multiple Web design tools such as JavaScript and
  XML to improved client side usability and faster
  application loading time for end users and
  businesses.

Ajax allows asynchronous retrieval of data from
the server without disturbing the display or
behavior of the web pages that are in use
Article on the benefits of AJAX
http//massivetechshow.com/resources/ajax.asp
28
How are HTML, SGML, XHTML, and XML used in Web
site development?

• HTML, SGML, XHTML, XML are all markup languages
  used to develop documents for the Web.

29
What is the difference between Java and
JavaScript?

• Java is an object oriented program language used
  on server side applications for the web. Java can
  stand on its own and is more complex than
  JavaScript. Java must be compiled before it can
  display properly on the web.
• JavaScript is an object oriented program language
  used to create interactivity on the client side
  of the web. JavaScript must be placed inside an
  HTML document to function and is displayed by the
  browser.

30
How do ASP, PHP, and SQL relate to database?

• The Active Server Page is a located on the server
  and connected to the database on the server.
  When the client requests information from the
  database, the ASP generates HTML code to the
  clients browser.
• Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) is placed inside
  HTML code. When a client requests information
  from the database, a web page is generated with
  the information.
• Structured Query Language is used creating,
  updating, and reading databases. SQL joins are
  used to query data from two or more tables, based
  on a relationship between certain columns in
  these tables.

31
Why do Web site developers choose to use open
source programs?

• Open source programs
• save money because they are free
• allow for security testing
• allow you to edit the programs to fit your needs