Increase Allen Lapham

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Increase Allen Lapham

• EJH

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Increase A. Lapham 1811-1875
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Increase A. Lapham Other Accomplishments

• Interests in Phenology, Paleontology, Indian
  Mounds
• Also State Geologist (1873-75)
• Helped found
• Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters
• State Historical Society
• Milwaukee Female Seminar (Downer College)

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Lapham Trenton (Wis.) Meteorite Ca. 1868
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Increase A. Lapham Interests in Weather Climate

• Study of Influence of Lake Michigan on
  Wisconsins Climate ca. 1865 (map)
• Study of 1859 Storm
• Used Coffins Analysis of Smithsonian Network
  Data
• Concern with Loss of Life from Great Lakes Storms

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Increase A. Lapham

• To General Halbert E. Paine, Congressman for
  Milwaukee Were it not "...the duty of the
  Government to see whether anything can be done to
  prevent, at least, some portion of this sad loss
  in the future...?"

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Increase Lapham

• The Paine Law
• Act of Feb. 9, 1870, Sess. II, Res. 12, 16 Stat.
  369 (1870)
• FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. SESS. II. RES. 8, 12, 13,
  15, 16. 1870. 569
• No. 12. Joint Resolution to authorize the
  Secretary of War to provide for taking
  meteorological Observations at the military
  Stations and other Points in the Interior of the
  Continent, and for giving Notice on the northern
  Lakes and Seaboard of the Approach and Force of
  Storms.
• Be it resolved by the Senate and House of
  Representatives of the United States of America
  in Congress assembled, That the Secretary of War
  be, and he hereby is, authorized and required to
  provide for taking meteorological observations at
  the military stations in the interior of the
  continent, and at other points in the States and
  Territories of the United States, and for giving
  notice on the northern lakes and on the
  sea-coast, by magnetic telegraph and marine
  signals, of the approach and force of storms.
• APPROVED, February 9, 1870.

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• At 735 a.m., November 1st, 1870, simultaneous
  weather observations were taken at 24
  locations and telegraphed to several cities,
  bringing a national weather service, called the
  Division of Telegrams and Reports, into being for
  the benefit of commerce.

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Increase Lapham

• First Official Forecasted Storm Warning (issued 8
  Nov 1870)
• "High wind all day yesterday at Cheyenne and
  Omaha a very high wind this morning at Omaha
  barometer falling with high winds at Chicago and
  Milwaukee today barometer falling and
  thermometer rising at Chicago, Detroit, Toledo,
  Cleveland, Buffalo and Rochester high winds
  probable along the Lakes."

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Increase Lapham

• Epilogue
• KEC-60 transmitter at Lapham Peak State Park.

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