??? DNA????? Chapter 10 Biosynthesis of DNA

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??? DNA????? Chapter 10 Biosynthesis of DNA

• DNA?????
• DNA?????
• DNA??????
• DNA??????

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• ????
• 1.??DNA?????
• 2.??DNA?????
• 3.??DNA???????
• 4.??DNA??????
• ??????
• DNA?????
• DNA???????
• ????2

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• DNA???????????????????,??????????
• ????????????DNA????????????????

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• DNA????????????????????????,?????????????,???????
  ????DNA????????????????????????
• ?RNA???,????????RNA??????,???????,????????RNA????,
  ?????????????,?????????????DNA,??DNA?????????????,
  ??????????????????

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• DNA dependent DNA polymeraseDDDP
• DNA dependent RNA polymeraseDDRP
• RNA dependent RNA polymeraseRDRP
• RNA dependent DNA polymeraseRDDP

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??? DNA?????

• ???????
• DNA????,???DNA???????,?????????????DNA,????DNA????
  ????DNA?,??????DNA??????(semi-conservative
  replication)?

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• DNA??????????,??1958??M. Meselson ? F. Stahl
  ??????????????????????15N???????????,??DNA????????
  ?15N??????????14N??????????????????????DNA,???????
  ,???????

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• ???????????
• DNA????,?????????,??????????????????,??????(???)??
  ?????,??????????,????????????

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• ??????
• ??DNA???DNA???,???????3?????(3-OH)?RNA????(prime
  r) ,????????DNA??
• RNA?????,?????????50100????,?????????10?????RNA??
  ?????,????DNA?????????

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• ??????
• DNA???,?????????,?????????????????,????????(??
  ???)?

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• ????????
• ??DNA??????5'?3'??????DNA?,???DNA???????3'?5'???,?
  ??????DNA?????????DNA??????????

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• ?3'?5'?????DNA?????????????????????,??????????5'?3
  ',??????????(leading strand)???5'?3'?????DNA??????
  ????????????,?????????5'?3',?????????(lagging
  strand)?

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• ????DNA????????????,??,??????????????DNA????,?????
  ???????DNA????????(Okazaki fragment)?
• ???????,????????10002000????,?????????100?????

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??? DNA?????

• ????
• ?????????(deoxynucleotide triphosphate)???,?dATP,d
  GTP,dCTP,dTTP?
•  
• (dNMP)ndNTP (dNMP)n1PPi

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• ????(template)
• DNA?????????,??????DNA????????DNA???????,?????????
  ???

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• ??????RNA??
• ???(primosome)?????????(primase)?????
• ???????????????????????????,??????????????????i???
  n???n???dnaC????????,??n???dnaB??????????,???ATP
  ase???
• ???????????DNA?RNA???(DDRP),???DNA???,????RNA????(
  primer),??????3'-OH,???DNA????????

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??DNA??? (DDDP)

• (?)???????
• ??????,?????DNA??????,?????DNA????(pol
  ?),DNA????(pol ?),DNA????(pol ?),?????????????????
  ?????DNA??????pol ??pol ??

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• pol ?????????????,???????????????,????????Klenow
  fragment,??5'?3'??????3'?5'???????

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• pol ????????,??a????5'?3'??DNA????,??????DNA????e
  ????3'?5'??????,???DNA??????????

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• ????????DNA??? 

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• ??????,?????DNA??????,?????DNA???a(pol
  a),DNA???ß(pol ß),DNA????(pol ?),DNA???d(pol
  d),DNA???e(pol e)?
• ??,?????DNA????pol a(?????)?pol
  d(?????),?????DNA????pol ?,pole?DNA??????????????,
  pol ß?????????????????

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• (?)DNA??????
• ?????????,DNA????????????DNA????????????????
• 1.???????????
• 2.DNA???????????????
• 3.??????????????????

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• ??DNA???
• DNA???(DNA ligase)?????DNA????????????,????DNA????
  ?

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• DNA?????????? ???DNA????3'-OH,????DNA????5'-Pi??
  ??????????DNA?,???????????? ??????,???????NAD??
  ,???????ATP???

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• ????DNA????
• ??DNA????(single strand binding protein,
  SSB)????????(HDP)??????????DNA??????????????
  ????????DNA????????,?????DNA,???????????DNA?
  ????DNA,?????????

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• ??????
• ????(unwinding enzyme) ,??????rep??,?????DNA??????
  ,???????,??????ATP??????????????????

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• ???????(topoisomerase)
• ????????DNA?????????,????????DNA?????,????????????
  ????????DNA??,?DNA???????,????????

?????????????
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??? DNA??????

• ???????
• DNA???????,????????
• (?)???
• 1.????,?????
• ????????????,?DNA????????????,???????,??????DNA??
  ?DNA????(SSB)???????DNA?,??????
• DNA???,?????????????,????????????

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• 2.?????
• ?????(?dnaB?)???????,???????????????????????

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• (?)??
• ????????,?DNA???,??????RNA??,????3'?????(3'-OH)?

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???????

• (?)????DNA
• ?DNA?????,?3'?5'?????DNA????,?5'?3'??????DNA??????
  ??,??DNA??????DNA???????????,?DNA???a(?????)?d(??
  ???)?

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• (?)?????
• ???????,?????????,???????,???????RNA??,?????????

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???????

• (?)????,????
• ??????,?DNA?????????RNA??,??????????????DNA,??????
  ?????????????????,RNA?????,????????????,???????DNA
  ???????

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• (?)??????
• ?DNA???????,??????????,?????????,?????DNA???

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• (?)?????????
• ??(telomere)???????????DNA?????????,??????????????
  ????????G?C????????,???????????

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• ??DNA??????,???????RNA??????????????????(telomeras
  e)????,???????
• ??????RNA-??????,????RNA???,??????????DNA??????

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???(telomerase)?????
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??? DNA??????

• ??DNA???(??)
• ????????????DNA??????????????DNA???,?????(mutation
  )?
• ???DNA?????????????????,????,????

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• (?)???????
• 1.????
• (1)???????N-????????,????????????????????????
  ??
• (2)???????????????????,??????????????????????
  ??????????
• (3)????????????????????,???????

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• 2.????
• ??????????X??????DNA?????,X???????????DNA????,????
  ????????????,?TT,TC,CC????????????????????????????
  ,??????????

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• 3.????
• (1)????????????,???C?????U,A?????I?

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• (2)??????????????????,??????????,????????????
  ,?????????????
• (3)DNA???????,?????????????,????????????
• (4)??????5-FU,6-MP?,????DNA???????????
• (5)????????,???????,???DNA?????

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(?)DNA?????
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?????
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• (?)DNA?????
• 1.??????????mRNA???????????????????????,?????
  ???????????,?????????????
• 2.??????????mRNA????????,???????,????????????
  ??????
• 3.??????????mRNA?????????????????,???????????
  
• 4.??????????mRNA????????,????????????????????
  ??

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??DNA?????

• DNA???????????????????????

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• (?)????
• 1.???
• (light repairing)
• ??????????????????????????????????????????(photo-
  lyase)???????????????????300600nm??????,?????,???
  ?????????,????????????DNA????

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• 2.?????
• ?????????,?DNA?????????????,??????????????
• 3.????
• DNA???????,???DNA???????,????????????

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• (?)????
• 1.????(excision repairing)
• ??????????????,??????DNA?????????????????????????,
  ????????,????DNA????

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• 2.????(recombination repairing)
• ??DNA?????????????????????

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• 3.SOS??
• ?????DNA???????????????????????????,?SOS?????????
  ??
• DNA????????????,?DNA??????????????
•  ??????????????DNA???,??????????
•  ??????????????????DNA???,?????,?????????,???????

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