Classification of Living Things

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Classification of Living Things

• Archaebacteria Eubacteria

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Warm up
Which kingdom below identifies bacteria (both
archaebacteria eubacteria)?
Kingdom Cell Type Cell Composition Cell Structures Energy
A Prokaryote Unicellular Cell wall Autotroph or Heterotroph
B Eukaryote Multicellular Cell wall Autotroph
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Six Kingdoms of Life
Archaebacteria Eubacteria
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals
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ALL Bacteria (singular bacterium)

• Characteristics
• Unicellular
• No nucleus (prokaryote)
• Autotrophs or heterotrophs
• Reproduce sexually or asexually
• Cell wall

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3 Shapes of Bacteria

• Spherical
• Ex Staphylococcus aureus (causes strep throat)
• Rodlike
• Ex Escherichia coli
• Spiral
• Ex Borrelia burgdorferi (causes Lyme disease)

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Movement

• Flagellum (plural flagella) long, whip-like
  structure that helps an organism move
• The flagella spin in place like a propeller

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Two Kingdoms of Bacteria

• Archaebacteria
• Live in extreme conditions
• 3 groups
• Methanogens methane-makers
• Halophiles salt-lovers
• Thermophiles heat-lovers

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Two Kingdoms of Bacteria

• Eubacteria
• Live almost everywhere
• Help maintain some of Earths physical condition

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Reproduction in Bacteria

• Asexual reproduction one parent
• Binary fission one cell divides to form two
  identical cells

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Reproduction in Bacteria

• Sexual reproduction two parents who combine
  their genetic material to produce a new organism
  which differs from both parents
• Conjugation one bacterium transfers some of its
  genetic material into another bacterium cells
  then separate by binary fission

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How do bacteria obtain food?

• Autotrophs
• Make their own food by photosynthesis or
  chemosynthesis
• Heterotrophs
• Consume autotrophs or other heterotrophs

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How are bacteria used?

• Fuel production methane (gas produced by
  archaebacteria) is used in natural gas
• Food cheese, yogurt, apple cider
• Can also cause food to spoil
• Environmental recycling and clean-up
• Decomposers organisms that break down large
  chemicals into smaller chemicals

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Infectious Disease

• Diseases
• Food poisoning
• Lyme disease
• Strep throat
• Tetanus
• Tuberculosis (TB)
• Tooth decay/gum diseases
• Antibiotics chemicals that can kill bacteria
  without harming a persons own cells
• Ex penicillin, amoxycillin