Preventing Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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Preventing Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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• Every minute in the U.S., an average of five
  teens get a sexually transmitted disease. (STD)
• Most cases occur among people who are 15-24 years
  old.
• They can damage a persons body and his or her
  fertility.
• STDs can cause discomfort, pain, or even death.

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• Abstinence is the only way to eliminate your risk
  of an STD. It gives you 100 percent protection.
• Waiting until marriage to have sex can protect
  your chance to have a healthy sexual
  relationship.
• If you and your spouse have sex only with each
  other, youll be safe from STDs.

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HIV/AIDS

• The human immunodeficiency virus, also called
  HIV, breaks down the immune system. This is the
  body system that fights disease.
• Over time, HIV progresses into a deadly disease.
  The is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

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AIDS

• To protect yourself from AIDS, you need to avoid
  contracting (getting) HIV. This virus is carried
  in bodily fluids. Contact with blood, semen, or
  vaginal secretions might occur during sexual
  activity.
• Sex is the most common way HIV is spread. You
  can also get it from touching or sharing an
  intravenous (IV) needle used by someone who has
  the virus.

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• Mothers can pass HIV to children during
  pregnancy, birth, or breast feeding.

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• HIV/AID has no cure. Medicines are available,
  however, that can slow the progress of the virus.
• Most people with HIV do not have symptoms right
  away.

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• To find out if you have HIV, go to your health
  care provider and take a blood test. This test
  looks for antibodies made by the body to fight
  HIV. If you test positive, this means you have
  the antibodies in your blood. You also have the
  virus.
• There is, however, a chance you could have gotten
  HIV recently. Your body might not have had time
  to make enough antibodies for the test to detect.
  You should be retested in six months to be sure.

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Chlamydia

• Is the most common STD among teens. Sexual
  contact can spread the bacteria that cause this
  disease. Many people with chlamydia dont have
  any symptoms. Those who do may have any of the
  following
• A burning or itching sensation
• Painful urination
• Whitish discharge fro the penis or vagina
• Lower abdominal pain

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• Chlamydia can be cured with antibiotics.
• If untreated, it can cause both men and women to
  become sterile.
• In pregnancy, a woman can pass this disease to
  her baby.
• It can cause the baby to have a serious eye, ear,
  or lung infection.

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Gonorrhea

• It is caused by bacteria that are spread through
  sexual contact. Many people with gonorrhea have
  no symptoms. This is especially true of women.

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Symptoms of Gonorrhea

• Women
• Yellow discharge from the vagina
• Painful urination
• Irritation of the vagina and cervix
• Men
• creamy whitish or yellowish discharge from the
  penis
• painful urination
• burning sensation during urination.

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• Antibiotics can cure gonorrhea. If it is not
  treated, gonorrhea can cause sterility, heart
  damage, and arthritis.
• In pregnancy, this STD can cause miscarriage or
  stillbirth.
• It also raises the risk of a baby being born too
  soon.
• Woman can pass gonorrhea to their babies during
  delivery. This can cause the baby to have a
  serious eye infection that can lead to blindness.

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Genital Herpes

• It is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
• The virus is spread through physical contact with
  an infected person.

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Symptoms of Herpes

• Headache
• Fever
• Aching muscles
• Pain when urinating
• Swollen glands.
• The most obvious symptom, though, is small
  blisters that appear in the genital and rectal
  area. These blisters look much like a cold sore
  or fever blister. They are very painful and
  highly contagious (easily spread to others).

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• After a few weeks the blisters heal, but the
  person still has the HSV virus.
• He or she will likely have repeated outbreaks of
  blisters in the future.
• May lead to certain cancers.
• If a pregnant woman has herpes, her baby might
  get the HSV virus through the placenta before
  birth.

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• The baby can also contract herpes by passing
  through the birth canal.
• Can damage the babys eyes and brain. For this
  reason, cesarean delivery is often done.

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Genital Warts

• Both men and women may get genital warts. These
  are small, hard growths in the reproductive
  organs, bladder, and rectum. They often cause
  great discomfort.
• Caused by the human papilloma virus. This virus,
  also called HPV is spread through contact with
  the genital warts of an infected person. This
  happens most often through sexual activity, but
  can also occur from other physical contact.
• It can take 6-8 months after exposure before a

person knows he or she has this STD.
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• It these warts get large enough, they can block
  the urethra, vagina, or rectum.
• The warts can be surgically removed, but they
  will likely reoccur.
• The HPV virus may lead to cancer of the cervix,
  penis, or rectum.

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Syphilis

• Is a three stage STD that is caused by bacteria.
  The longer this treatable disease goes
  undetected, the more damage it does.
• During the first stage, a fairly painless sore
  called a chancre appears at the site of the
  infection. In the male this is the penis or
  anus. In a female the sore may be inside the
  body (on the cervix or the vagina). This makes it
  harder to detect.

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• In a few weeks time the chancre heals itself.
  The disease is still present in the body, though.
• In the second stage, a person may have one or
  more of the following
• Rash
• Hair loss
• Swollen glands
• Sore throat
• Weight loss
• Wartlike growths
• Fluid filled sores.
• The person is highly contagious at this time.

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• During the third state, syphilis is no longer
  contagious. However, it is most destructive to a
  persons body.
• Effects of late syphilis
• Brain damage
• Insanity
• Heart disease
• Paralysis
• Damage to the liver/ kidneys
• Damage to the nervous system
• Damage to blood vessels
• death

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• Early detection of syphilis is important. This
  can be done with a blood test. It can be treated
  with penicillin.

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Hepatitis Types B and C

• Serious viruses that can cause liver damage and
  liver cancer.
• Can be spread sexually.
• Pregnant woman can also pass them to their babies
  during delivery.
• Can be spread by sharing a needle, toothbrush,
  razor, or other item that has infected blood on
  it.

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• People must be sure when getting a tattoo or body
  piercing that a sterile needle will be used.
• Most people will not know they have B or C.
• May stay in the body for years.

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• They can be passed to others.
• Liver damage will occur and make them very sick.

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Symptoms of Hepatitis B

• Weakness
• Nausea and loss of appetite
• Jaundice (yellow eyes and skin)
• Dark urine
• Fever
• Headaches
• Stomach, muscle, and joint pain
• Liver damage or cancer

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• A vaccine is available to prevent hepatitis B.
  Having three does of the vaccine can protect a
  person for several years.
• Babies can be vaccinated soon after birth.

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Trichomoniasis

• Is an infection that is caused by a one-celled
  animal called a protozoan.
• This infection, often called trich, lis usually
  passed sexually.
• Most men with trich have no symptoms. If they
  do tingling sensation in the penis, painful
  urination, or a thin discharge.
• Women more often have symptoms from trich.

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• Vaginal discharge (yellow-green or gray) with a
  foul order
• Itching in the genital area
• Painful urination
• Abdominal pain
• Discomfort during sex

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• If trich is not treated, it can cause infections
  of the urethra, bladder, vagina, and cervix.

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Pubic Lice

• Are tiny gray parasites that attach to the hair
  of the pubic area. They are very contagious and
  can be passed by close physical contact,
  including sex.
• Sometimes are called crab lice. They lay eggs,
  which hatch into even more lice.
• Cause itching and irritation of the genital area.
• Medicated lotions or shampoo can kill lice.

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Scabies

• Is a skin infection caused by mites. It can be
  spread by close physical or sexual contact.
• Mites burrow under the skin and lay eggs.
• This causes itching, swelling, and a sore at the
  site where the mites enter the body.
• Medicated lotion can cure it.

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Vaginal Infections

• Some, but not all, women have vaginal infections
  from time to time.
• This means the vagina becomes infected, swells,
  and causes a discharge.
• Vaginal area may be very painful or itchy.
• Caused by an overgrowth of bacteria in the
  vagina.
• Most common is a yeast infection.

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• Bacteria that cause these infections can be
  spread through sexual contact. They can also
  have other causes
• Tight fitting underwear or clothing
• Fragrances or dyes in toilet paper,
• Soaps,
• Douches
• Bubble baths
• Certain medications
• Use over the counter medicine for
  cures.Prescriptions may be need for some
  infections.

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What to DO?????

• Check with a physician.
• Be tested often (if sexually active)

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• However, you dont have to worry if you practice
  ABSTINENCE!
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