BMFR 4113 - CADCAM

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BMFR 4113 - CADCAM

• LECTURE 1
• COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING
• Zolkarnain Marjom
• zolkarnain_at_utem.edu.my
• 06-3316457
• 012-3384022

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Learning Objectives

• Understand the various spheres of manufacturing
  activity where computers are used
• Differentiate between conventional and computer
  based manufacturing system in product cycle
• Explain CAD and its application
• Explain various types of manufacturing
  organisations
• Explain CAM and its application

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• Computers in Industrial Manufacturing
• The role of computer in manufacturing may be
  broadly classified into two groups
• Computer monitoring and control of the
  manufacturing process.
• Manufacturing support applications, which deal
  essentially with the preparations for actual
  manufacturing and post-manufacture operations.

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• Second category The types of support that can be
  envisaged are
• Computer aided design and drafting,
• Computer aided engineering,
• Computer aided manufacturing,
• Computer aided process planning,
• Computer aided tool design,
• Computer aided NC part programming,
• Computer aided scheduling,
• Computer aided material requirement planning, etc.

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• PRODUCT CYCLE
• (Let us consider the manufacturing environment of
  a given product).
• How does the product idea originate?
• The market forces determine the need for a
  product.
• Expertise on the part of the company estimates
  the likely demand and probable profitability and
  decides on the best mode of designing and
  manufacturing the desired product.
• The details of such a design and the subsequent
  manufacturing process are depicted in Fig. 1-2
  for the traditional approach and in Fig. 1-3 for
  computer aided manufacturing

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• Computer Aided Design (CAD)
• Is a TOOL to aid designer/engineer
• Classified under 2 categories
• 1. Product Engineering
• Product functions
• Product Specifications
• Conceptual design
• Ergonomics and Aesthetics
• Standards
• Detailed Design
• Prototype development
• Testing
• Simulation
• Analysis
• Strength
• Kinematics, Dynamics
• Heat, Flow
• Design for Manufacture

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• 2. Manufacturing Engineering
• Process planning
• Process sheets
• Route sheets
• Tooling
• Cutting tools
• Jigs and Fixtures
• Dies and Moulds
• Manufacturing Information Generation
• CNC Part programmes
• Robot Programmes
• Inspection (CMM) programmes
• Production Organisation
• Bill of Materials
• Material Requirement Planning
• Production Planning
• Shop Floor Control
• Plant Simulation
• Marketing and Distribution

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• Todays CAD technology can provide the
  engineer/designer the necessary
• help in the following ways
• Computer aided design (CAD) is faster and more
  accurate than conventional methods.
• The various construction facilities available in
  CAD would make the job of developing the model
  and associated drafting a very easy task.
• In contrast with the traditional drawing methods,
  under CAD it is possible to manipulate various
  dimensions, attributes and distances of the
  drawing elements. This quality makes CAD useful
  for design work.
• Under CAD you will never have to repeat the
  design or drawing of any component. Once a
  component has been made, it can be copied in all
  further works within seconds, including any
  geometric transformation needed.
• You can accurately calculate the various
  geometric properties including dimensions of
  various components interactively in CAD, without
  actually making their models and profiles.

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6. Modification of a model is very easy and would
make the designers task of improving a
given product simple to take care of any future
requirements. 7. Use of standard components
(part libraries) makes for a very fast model
development work. Also a large number of
components and sub-assemblies may be stored
in part libraries to be reproduced and used
later. 8. Several professional CAD packages
provide 3D (3 dimensional) visualisation
capabilities so that the designers can see the
products being designed from several
different orientations. This eliminates the
need of making models of products for realisation
and explaining the concepts to the team. Not
only this, several designers can work
simultaneously on the same product and can
gradually build the product in a modular
fashion. This certainly provides the answer to
the need of todays industry and the one emerging
on the horizon.
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Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) Type of
Production 1. Mass production - large lots e.g.
automobiles 2. Batch production - medium lot
sizes e.g. industrial machines, aircrafts,
etc. 3. Job shop production - small lots or one
off, e.g. prototypes, aircrafts, Etc.
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• What are the advantages of using CAM?
• Greater design freedom
• Any changes that are required in design can be
  incorporated at any design stage without worrying
  about any delays, since there would hardly be any
  in an integrated CAM environment.
• Increased productivity
• In view of the fact that the total
  manufacturing activity is completely organised
  through the computer, it would be possible to
  increase the productivity of the plant.
• Greater operating flexibility
• CAM enhances the flexibility in manufacturing
  methods and changing of product lines.
• Shorter lead-time
• Lead times in manufacturing would be greatly
  reduced.
• Improved reliability
• In view of the better manufacturing methods and
  controls at the manufacturing stage, the products
  thus manufactured as well as of the manufacturing
  system would be highly reliable.

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• Reduced maintenance
• Since most of the components of a CAM system
  would include integrated diagnostics and
  monitoring facilities, they would require less
  maintenance compared to the conventional
  manufacturing methods.
• Reduced scrap and rework
• Because of the CNC machines used in production,
  and the part programs being made by the stored
  geometry from the design stage, the scrap level
  would be reduced to the minimum possible and
  almost no rework would be necessary.
• Better management control
• As shown above, since all the information and
  controlling functions are attempted with the help
  of the computer, a better management control on
  the manufacturing activity is possible.

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Application Area Software Integrated System
CAD-2D drafting CADCAM, AutoCAD, MicroCADM, VersaCAD Pro/Engineer Unigraphics CATIA
CAD-Solid modeling Solid Edges, SolidWorks, SolidDesigner, mechanical Desktop I-DEAS I/MES EUCLID-IS
CAM BravoNCG, VERICUT, DUCT, Camand, Mastercam, Powermill
CAE MSC/NASTRAN, ANSYS, PATRAN, DADS, , C-MOLDS, MOLDFLOW, MOLDEX, designWorks
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• End