Deviance and Social Behavior

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Deviance and Social Behavior

• Chapter 7
• Sociology

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Objectives

• Define deviance
• Define social control and identify the major
  types of social control
• Discuss the positive and negative consequences of
  deviance
• Differentiate the major functional theories of
  deviance
• Compare and contrast cultural transmission theory
  and labeling theory
• Discuss the conflict theory view of deviance
• Describe four approaches to crime control

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What is Deviance?

• Behavior that departs from societal or group
  norms
• Deviance varies from group to group, but in the
  US, deviance usually lands you in prison

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Types of Deviance

• Positive- over do it in order to fit in with norm
• Anorexia
• Negative- do not try to fit in with norm
• obese

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So what do we do with deviant people?

• We encourage people to follow the norms using
  social control
• Internal- you do something because you know it is
  the right thing to do
• External- you do something based on the reward or
  choose not to do something based on the
  punishment (social sanctions)

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Should we have a national registry?

• Information on everyone who lives or visits the
  US
• Retinal scan
• Digital voice recording
• DNA sample
• Fingerprints
• Social security number

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How would this information be used?

• Issue one card for drivers license, voter
  registration, concealed carry license, and any
  government benefits
• Reduce welfare fraud, crime, monitor movement of
  criminals/missing people
• Do you think this is a good/bad idea? Explain.

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Murder Among the Cheyenne

• Read the selection on page 208 and answer the
  Thinking it Over question

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Positive and Negative Consequences of Deviance
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Positive

• Deviance clarifies norms
• Parents may lose their children if they do not
  properly care for them
• Use deviance as a temporary outlet for stress
• Teens wear clothes, listen to music to rebel from
  authority
• Deviance increases unity within a group
• Spies being caught increase our patriotism
• Deviance promotes needed social change
• Women suffrage and prison conditions

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Negative

• Deviance breeds distrust
• Society cannot run smoothly
• Deviance stimulates others to become deviant
• Deviance is expensive
• Resources and money

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Role Play

• Act out your situation and the class will decide
  if this is positive or negative deviance.

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Theories on Deviance
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Strain Theory

• Deviance is more likely to occur when a gap
  exists between cultural goals and the ability to
  achieve these goals by legitimate means

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How do people respond to strain?

• Accept the goal and accept the hard work to
  achieve goal- CONFORMITY
• Accept the goal and reject the hard work to
  achieve it- INNOVATION
• Reject the goal and accepts the hard work (Acts
  as if they want to succeed, but lack effort)
  RITUALISM
• Reject the goal and the work needed (drops out of
  race for success)- RETREATISM
• Reject the goal and the work needed (new way to
  achieve goal)- REBELLION

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Control Theory

• Compliance with social norms requires strong
  bonds between individuals and society

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What types of social bonds?

• Attachment- the stronger your attachment to
  groups, the more likely you are to conform
• Commitment- greater your commitment to social
  goals, the more likely you are to conform
• Involvement- value others opinions and are more
  likely to conform
• Belief- strong belief in societys values makes
  people not want to be deviant

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Cultural Transmission Theories

• Strain and Control Theories are types of cultural
  transmission because the goals are being sent
  from the culture. Each group will have different
  goals and achievements that are being sought.

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Is Teen Smoking a Deviant Behavior?

• Read pg. 213 and answer the Doing Sociology
  questions.

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Labeling Theory

• Society creates deviants by identifying them as
  deviant
• Self-fulfilling prophecy (tell yourself you are a
  certain way, you will believe it)
• Being deviant can be occasional (primary) or
  often (secondary)
• Being called Deviant creates a negative stigma
  for that person

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Conflict Theory
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The Rich and Powerful Decide

• People who challenge industrial society are
  considered deviant because they challenge the
  economic, social, and political basis of society
• Industrial society needs workers, so those that
  refuse to work are considered deviant
• Those who threaten private property are targets
  for punishment
• Society needs respect, so those who are not
  respectful are deviant
• Certain activities fit well with industrial
  society and are encouraged. Those who do not
  participate are deviant

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Which do you believe?

• Cultural Transmission
• Conflict

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Four Approaches to Crime Control

• Rehabilitation- changing or reforming a criminal
  through socialization
• Deterrence- discourage criminal acts by
  threatening punishment
• Retribution- punishment intended to make
  criminals pay compensation for their acts
• Incarceration- protecting society from criminals
  by keeping them in prison

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Death Penalty

• Has research supported the position that the
  death penalty deters crime?
• Use your textbook, page 229 to answer the
  question
• Then complete 3 Project/Activity on page 235.