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Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) Training

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Title: Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) Training


1
Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) Training
International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)
CFIA-ACIA
2
International Steering Committee
3
Aims
  • Provide participants with an understanding of the
    purpose of PRA
  • Develop skills to conduct PRA
  • Provide hands-on experience in PRA
  • Provide international examples
  • Develop self-confidence in PRA

4
Course Materials
  • Participants Manual
  • Group Exercise Manual
  • Slides and Presentations Manual
  • International Standards for Phytosanitary
    Measures No. 1-24

5
What to Expect
  • Lectures and Discussions
  • Practical Exercises
  • Interactive
  • Provide your input

6
The International Plant Protection
Convention(IPPC)
Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) Training
7
Outline
  • The Convention (IPPC)
  • Scope
  • Key Principles
  • Standard setting

8
Outline
  • The Convention (IPPC)
  • Scope
  • Key Principles
  • PRA Standards

9
What is the IPPC?
  • Multilateral treaty for international cooperation
    in plant protection
  • Nearly 160 countries
  • From Albania to Zambia
  • A standard setting organization

10
Aim of the IPPC
  • Prevent introduction spread of pests
  • Promote fair safe trade
  • Protect plant life

11
Scope of the IPPC
  • IPPC covers wide range of plants protects them
    from a wide range of pests
  • plants cultivated plants and wild flora
  • plant pests invertebrates, diseases and weeds
  • harm includes direct indirect effects

12
Scope of the IPPC
  • Extends to items capable of harbouring or
    spreading pests, such as
  • storage places
  • conveyances
  • Includes intentional introductions of organisms,
    such as
  • biological control organisms
  • research, industrial or other organisms

13
Key principles
  • Countries have the right to use phytosanitary
    measures
  • Measures should be
  • only applied when necessary
  • technically justified
  • no more restrictive than necessary to address
    risk
  • non-discriminatory
  • transparent

14
Obligations
  • National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO)
  • Regulate imports
  • Publish phytosanitary requirements
  • Conduct surveillance, treatments and certify
    exports
  • Share information on pests and regulations
  • Notify trading partners of non-compliance

15
International Plant Protection Convention
Plant protection safe trade
Transparent
All types of plants
IPPC
Justified
All types of pests
Consistent with level of risk
Other pathways
16
World Trade Organization (WTO)
  • Responsible for establishing rules of trade
    between nations
  • IPPC is the recognized international standard
    setting body for plant health under the WTO-SPS

17
WTO - SPS Agreement
  • Phytosanitary measures should be
  • consistent with international standards
  • justified by scientific principles and evidence
  • harmonized to the extent possible
  • transparent / notified / non-discriminatory
  • only as restrictive as necessary to meet the
    appropriate level of protection

18
International regulatory framework
IPPC
The IPPC makes provision for trade in a plant
protection agreement...
the SPS makes complementary provisions for plant
protection in a trade agreement
19
Other international agreements
  • Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
  • Protecting biodiversity
  • Invasive alien species
  • Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
  • Genetically modified organisms

20
International regulatory framework
IPPC
CBD
Protecting biological diversity
Plant protection
Cartagena Protocol
LMOs
Trade
Trade
21
International regulatory framework
Plant protection
IPPC
CBD
LMOs
Biological diversity
Trade
22
Focus on IPPC
Standards Setting
IPPC
Commission on Phytosanitary Measures
Information Sharing
Technical Assistance
Secretariat
Expert Working Groups
Technical Panels
23
Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM)
  • Governing body for the IPPC, works by consensus
  • Reviews global plant protection needs and sets
    the annual work programme
  • Develops and adopts International Standards for
    Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs)
  • Promotes technical assistance and information
    exchange

24
International Standards for Phytosanitary
Measures (ISPMs)
  • ISPMs
  • provide guidance to member countries in
    implementing national programs and fulfilling
    requirements of the IPPC
  • may be very general (e.g., Glossary, Principles
    etc.), or highly specific (e.g., Pest status,
    Solid wood packaging etc.)

25
Diversity of ISPMs
Country Consultation in 2006
Specific Issues
General Guidelines
No. 6 surveillance No. 17 pest reporting No.
23 - inspection
Debarked bark-free wood Low pest prevalence
for fruit flies Treatments for regulated pests
No. 1 principles No. 5 glossary of terms No.
19 pest lists
26
PRA
  • Key to adhering to IPPC principles is application
    of pest risk analysis as a decision-making
    process
  • Impacts on all aspects of phytosanitary programs
    import, domestic programs, exports
  • Guidance provided in ISPMs

27
PRA-specific ISPMs
  • ISPM No. 2
  • Framework for pest risk analysis, revision for
    approval by CPM in March 2007
  • ISPM No. 3
  • Guidelines for the export, shipment, import and
    release of biological control agents and other
    beneficial organisms, 2005
  • ISPM No. 11
  • Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests including
    analysis of environmental risks and living
    modified organisms, 2004
  • ISPM No. 21
  • Pest risk analysis for regulated non-quarantine
    pests

28
PRA-specific ISPMs
  • ISPM No. 2
  • Framework for pest risk analysis (2007)
  • ISPM No. 3
  • Guidelines for the export, shipment, import and
    release of biological control agents and other
    beneficial organisms, 2005
  • ISPM No. 11
  • Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests including
    analysis of environmental risks and living
    modified organisms, (2004)
  • ISPM No. 21
  • Pest risk analysis for regulated non-quarantine
    pests

29
IPPC
  • IPPC is global
  • Aim is to protect plants, prevent spread of
    pests, promote trade
  • Measures applied only when necessary, technically
    justified, no more restrictive than necessary,
    non-discriminatory, transparent
  • PRA supports principles of IPPC
  • ISPMs provide guidance
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