Technik der Netze

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Die Technik der Netze Seminar Teil 9 Baukasten
(2)
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Seminarprogramm

• Einführung Wir bauen ein Netz
• Übersicht über TK-Netze
• Mobilfunk Was steckt hinter meinem Händi
• Internet Das Netz der Netze
• WiMAX auch ein mobiles Netz
• Geht das auch etwas allgemeiner, oder müssen wir
  jede Implementierung kennen? Netzarchitekuren
• Sicherheit im Netz Verfügbarkeit, Integrität,
  Vertraulichkeit
• Kontron - Baukasten Teil 1
• Beispiel VoIP Call Server Media Server
  Netzdesign, Systemdesign
• ATCA Baukasten mTCA Baukasten
• Kontron - Baukasten Teil 2
• Anwendungen Anwendungsprofile
  Musterkonfigurationen
• Validierungstools System Validation Kits für
  ATCA und mTCA
• Die Zukunft der Netze

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Ein Blick zurück
Netzdesign und Systemdesign für Call Server und
Media Server
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Gymnastik Fast-Food Restaurant
Ausgang
Eingang
Selbstbedienung Kasse
Restaurant mit Platz für 200 Gäste
Mittlere Aufenthaltsdauer pro Gast 15
Minuten Frage Wie viele Gäste pro Stunde (bzw.
pro Minute) muss die Kasse bedienen können?
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Session Control and Media Processing
Video/Audio On demand
Life TV/ local TV

• Media Server
• announcements
• IVR
• conferences
• voice mail
• customised tunes
• streaming media
• trunking gateways

PSTN
Media Server
Trunking GW/ Signalling Gateway
Call Server/ Gateway Controller
IP Network (Carrier)

• Call Server
• control call sessions (SIP/H.323 call control)
• control Media Server Gateways

PLMN
Trunking GW
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Controller Model
1 Mio Subscribers 1000 tps (80 load) 100 s
per transaction
Input buffer
Output buffer
30 Mbps 13 Gbps
30 Mbps 13 Gbps
Processor
control messages, traffic
control messages, traffic
Cache
Physical memory (volatile)
500 MB (160 GB)
Data Data base, File system, OS specific
500 MB 160 GB (1600 GB)
Disks (persistent)
Load, Store, Paging
Call Processor (e.g. SIP Server) transaction
profile (e.g. 30 kbit SIP messages per call
transaction) Media Processor (e.g. Streaming
Server/Proxy) traffic profile (e.g. 128 kbit/s
of media streams of 100 seconds per transaction)
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Anwendungen
Musteranwendungen, Netzdesign
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Marktsegmente für VoIP and Medien

• Wireline
• Enterprise
• IP Centrex
• VoIP Trunking Gateways
• IPTV
• NGN Media Servers
• Wireless
• Wireless Enterprise
• WiMAX
• 2G/3G Media Servers
• Fixed-Mobile Convergence

• Media Server Capabilities
• Conferences
• Announcements
• Voice Mail and Voice Recording
• Media Streaming
• IVR/Voice Portals/VXML
• ACD and Contact Server
• Unified Messaging
• Transcoding
• DTMF/FAX processing
• SIP Control, MGCP/Megaco/H.323

IVR Interactive Voice Response (Ansagemenüs mit
Ziffertasten) VXML Voice XML (Sprachführung und
Spracherkennung per Web-Seite)
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Enterprise and Wireless Enterprise
PSTN
IP Network
PBX

• Media Server
• IP phones
• voice mail
• unified messaging
• conferences
• call center
• transcoder
• bypass PSTN to connect to other PBXs

TA
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IP Centrex
Media Server

• Media Server
• trunking gateway
• SIP control
• announcements
• conferences
• voice mail
• unified messaging
• transcoder

PSTN
Call Server
IP Network (Centrex Operator)
IP Network
Media GW
PBX
TA
SME
SME
SOHO
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NGN and VoIP Trunking

• Media Server
• trunking gateway
• SIP control
• conferences
• voice mail
• announcements
• streaming media

Media Server
PSTN
Trunking GW
Siehe Teil 8 Call Server Media Server
IP Network (Carrier)
Call Server
PLMN

• Trunking Gateway
• SIP control
• H.323 control
• MGCP/Megaco
• transcoding

Trunking GW
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WiMAX
Content Server
Media Server
Call Server
Core Network (IP Network)
Trunking GW
AAA
PSTN/ PLMN
WiMAX RAN (IP Network)
Access Controller
BS
Internet
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2G/3G Media Servers
Core Network (IP Network)
Media Server

• Media Server
• SIP/Megaco ctrl.
• announcements
• IVR
• conferences
• transcoding

Call Server/ MSC Server
HLR
2G RAN
Trunking GW
SGSN
BSC
PSTN/ PLMN
BTS
3G RAN
GGSN
Internet
RNC
Node B
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IP-TV
On demand
Media Server

• Media Server
• Media Streaming
• interactive voice support
• conferences
• IVR/VXML

Life TV/ local TV
Media Controller
AAA
RAN (3G/WiMAX)
BSC/AC
DSLAM/NAS
BS
Wireline Access Network (DSL/CaTV)
triple play
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Fixed-Mobile Convergence
Media Server
Call Server/ Application Server/ MGCF

• Media Server
• SIP/Megaco ctrl.
• announcements
• IVR
• conferences
• transcoding
• Lawful interception

IMS S-CSCF
AAA/HSS
IMS P-CSCF
RAN (2G/3G)
BSC/RNC/ SGSN
BTS/Node B
DSLAM/NAS
Visited Network
Wireline Access Network
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Systemdesign
Anwendungsprofile, Systemarchitektur, Musterkonfig
urationen mit ATCA und mTCA
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How to design ATCA systems?

• Each network element can be profiled in terms of
• Subscribers
• Transactions
• Traffic
• Interfaces
• Sample configurations correspond to the
  application profile
• Same building blocks for the same functions
• Same patterns for the same profiles
• Bundles
• Sub-systems
• Pre-integrated systems
• Chose system components from building blocks

Application Profiles
Building Blocks
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Application Profiles - Summary

• Call Servers/Gateway Controllers/IMS-CSCF
• HLR/HSS
• Media Gateway/Trunking GW
• Media Server
• Signalling Gateway
• Radio Network Controller (RNC)
• Line Termination (DSLAM)
• WiMAX Access Controller (WAC)
• Base Station (BTS, Node B)
• IP-PBX Media Server
• Military (Radar, image processing,
  communications)
• Medical
• Industrial

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Dimensionierung Einige Faustregeln

• Subscribers for orientation
• Transactions according to traditional design
• PSTN 10 of subscribers are simultanously active
  (0,1 Erlang) one transaction (call) takes about
  100 seconds -gt 1 mtps per subscriber
• PLMN according to traffic models, the most
  significant transaction are location updates of
  typically 4 updates per busy hour -gt 1 mtps per
  subscriber (with 1h 4000 seconds)
• Traffic
• Signalling traffic (control plane) tps x
  subscribers x message lenght
• Data traffic (user plane) TDM interface x
  subscribers for IP networks service dependent
  or design guideline (e.g. 50 kbits/s per
  subscriber)
• DSP 60 voice ports per DSP 8 DSPs per AMC -gt
  500 voice ports per AMC
• Data Base
• subscriber profiles and associated service
  profiles and state information
• to be handled in physical memory
• follows number of subscribers with 1 - 10 kBytes
  per subscriber

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Sample Profiles

• Media Server
• 50.000 subscribers
• 50 tps (200.000 BHCA)
• 13 Gbits/s of traffic

• HLR/HSS
• 10 Mio subscribers
• 10.000 tps
• 100 Mbits/s throughput
• 30 GBytes of subscriber profiles state info

• Media/Trunking GW
• Transcoding and media processing
• 12.000 subscribers
• 12 tps (48.000 BHCA)
• 800 Mbits/s of traffic

• Signaling Gateway
• 1 Mio subscribers
• 1000 tps (4 Mio BHCA),
• 30 Mbits/s control traffic (IP)
• 6 Mbits/s control traffic (SS7)

• Radio Network Controller
• 5000 channels
• 50 tps (200.000 BHCA)
• 3 Mbits/s control traffic
• 320 Mbits/s user traffic

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Sample Profiles

• Each System is either Transaction Profile or
  Traffic Profile
• Max Traffic for Transaction Profiles 100 Mbits/s
• Traffic for traffic profiles 300 Mbits/s to 13
  Gbits/s (Media Server)
• Data bases lt10 GBytes, except for HLR/HSS (30
  GBytes) and Media Servers (Media Proxy, Media
  Storage gt 1000 GBytes)

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HLR/HSS (w/o CS7 signaling)
Storage
Storage Subsystem
N1 Redundanz
Redundant DB Server
4
3
2
1
8
7
6
5
Fabric (GbE)
Processor

N
2
3
4
1
Fabric (GbE)
Switch
Processor Subsystem
Network

• 10 Mio subscribers
• 10.000 tps
• 100 Mbits/s throughput
• 30 GBytes of subscriber profiles state info (in
  DB Server RAM and on HDD)

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Redundante Datenbanken
Siehe Teil 7 Redundanz
Data Base
Data Base Nodes
Fragments
F1
F2
F3
F4
(F4)
(F1)
(F2)
(F3)
N1
N2
N3
N4

• Verteilte Datenbank
• Fragmente definieren (F1, F2, )
• Fragmente den Data Base Nodes mit
  Spiegelfragmenten zuordnen (werden im
  Arbeitsspeicher synchronisiert)
• DB Nodes (logische) auf Data Base Server
  (physikalisch) verteilen
• M1 Redundanz for DB Servers

Allocate Nodes to Servers
Data Base Servers
N1
N2
F1
F2
(F4)
(F1)
F3
F4
(F2)
(F3)
N3
N4
Server 1
Server 2
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Transaction profiles HSS
Storage Processor Subsystems
Space for main controller (PrAMC HDD)
HLR/HSS (ohne SS7 Signalisierung)
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HLR/HSS (w/o CS7 signaling)
Storage Subsystem
ltSparegt
ltSparegt
ltSparegt
ltSparegt
Processor Subsystem

• 10 Mio subscribers
• 10.000 tps
• 100 Mbits/s throughput
• 30 GBytes of subscriber profiles state info (in
  DB Server RAM and on HDD)

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HLR/HSS - mTCA Profile

• Implications on fabric and MCH
• 1 GbE as basic fabric is sufficient (max. 100
  Mbps throughput)
• Dual star to 12 slots for each MCH (as in mTCA
  spec)
• 1GbE uplink on each MCH to interconnect each
  shelf
• 1 GbE uplink for Network interface on tier 1 MCH
• No need for PCIe or other fabric on MCH
• Special backplane design for storage subsystem
• Point-to-point connections on backplane for
  SAS/SATA disks in redundant storage sub-system
  (storage and processor)
• Does not need to pass MCH
• Basic MCH is sufficient

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Media Server N1 Redundancy

• 50.000 subscribers (processing ports)
• 50 tps (200.000 BHCA)
• 13 Gbits/s of traffic
• storage capacity 1000 GB and more
• option DSPs

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Media Server sample configuration

• ATCA configuration
• 5 slot system
• Network I/F 4x 10GbE on hub switches
• CPU power 3 ATCA CPU boards with 2x SAS disks
• Spare capacity 4 AMC slots on hub switches
• Options DSP for signal processing
• Options STM-1 or E1/T1 Interface AMCs for
  Signalling or Trunking GW

Uplinks (10GbE)
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Media Server N1 Redundancy
Storage Subsystem
Processor Subsystem

• 50.000 subscribers (processing ports)
• 50 tps (200.000 BHCA)
• 13 Gbits/s of traffic
• storage capacity 1000 GB and more
• option DSPs

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Media Server - mTCA Profile

• Implications on fabric and MCH
• 2x 10 GbE uplink capacity for network
  interconnection (1x 10 GbE on each MCH of tier 1)
• 2x 10 GbE uplink capacity to interconnect both
  tiers (1x 10 GbE on each MCH tier 1 and tier 2)
• 1 GbE as basic fabric is NOT sufficient (total 13
  Gbps throughput to be distributed to 8-10
  processors)
• Use 2x 1GbE on AMC ports 0 and 2 from both MCH
• Use extra GbE fabric in dual star to 12 slots,
  e.g. on AMC port 8 and port 9
• ports 8-11 avoid conflicts with other fabrics on
  AMC ports 4-11 such as PCIe
• No need for PCIe or other fabric on MCH
• Special backplane design for storage subsystem
• Point-to-point connections for SAS/SATA disks in
  redundant storage sub-system (storage and
  processor)
• Does not need to pass MCH
• Basic MCH plus GbE fabric for AMC ports 8-11

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Signaling Gateway
Call Processor Subsystem
Traffic Processor Subsystem

• 1 Mio subscribers
• 1000 tps (4 Mio BHCA),
• 30 Mbits/s control traffic (IP)
• 6 Mbits/s control traffic (SS7)

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Transaction Profiles Signalling Gateway

• Signalling Gateway transactions
• 1 Mio subscribers (controlled by Call
  Server/Gateway Controller)
• 1000 tps (4 Mio BHCA),
• 30 Mbits/s throughput of control traffic
• 6 Mbits/s of TDM control traffic (trunks with
  CS7)

Signalling Gateway
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Signaling Gateway
ltSparegt
ltSparegt
ltSparegt
ltSparegt
Call Processor Subsystem
ltSparegt
ltSparegt
Traffic Processor Subsystem
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Signaling Gateway - mTCA Profile

• Implications on fabric and MCH
• 1 GbE uplink capacity for network uplink (NGN) on
  tier 1 MCHs
• 1 GbE uplink on each MCH to interconnect both
  tiers
• Uplink for TDM traffic (SS7) over E1 interface
  AMCs
• Dual star to 12 slots for each MCH sufficient
  (AMC ports 0 and 1 as in mTCA spec)
• No need for PCIe or other fabric on MCH (multi
  processor operation for traffic processors not
  feasible with PCIe)
• Special backplane design for storage subsystem
• Point-to-point connections for SAS/SATA disks in
  redundant storage sub-system (storage and
  processor)
• Does not need to pass MCH
• Basic MCH is sufficient

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Radio Network Controller
Call Processor Subsystem
Call Processor Main ctrl.
3
2
1
4
6
5
Fabric (GbE)
Traffic Processor
1
2
3
4
5
6
Traffic Processor Subsystem
Fabric (GbE)
Switch
I/O STM-1
I/O STM-1
I/O STM-1
Uplinks
IP Network (SGSN)
TDM Network (2G/3G BS)

• 5000 channels
• 50 tps (200.000 BHCA)
• 3 Mbits/s control traffic
• 320 Mbits/s user traffic
• Option DSPs

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Traffic Profiles - RNC

• Radio Network Controller (RNC)
• 50.000 subscribers (5000 channels)
• 3G base stations (Node B)
• 2G base stations (BTS) converted to 3G core net
  protocols
• 50 tps (200.000 BHCA)
• 3 Mbits/s throughput of control traffic
• 320 Mbits/s throughput of user traffic

Radio Network Controller
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Radio Network Controller
Call Processor Subsystem
Traffic Processor Subsystem
ltSparegt
ltSparegt
ltSparegt

• 5000 channels
• 50 tps (200.000 BHCA)
• 3 Mbits/s control traffic
• 320 Mbits/s user traffic
• Option DSPs

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Radio Network Controller - mTCA Profile

• Implications on fabric and MCH
• 1 GbE uplink capacity for network uplink (SGSN)
  on tier 1 MCHs
• 1 GbE uplink on each MCH to interconnect both
  tiers
• Uplink for TDM traffic (2G/3G BS) over STM-1
  interface AMCs
• Dual star to 12 slots for each MCH sufficient
  (AMC ports 0 and 1 as in mTCA spec)
• No need for PCIe or other fabric on MCH (multi
  processor operation for traffic processors not
  feasible with PCIe)
• Special backplane design for storage subsystem
• Point-to-point connections for SAS/SATA disks in
  redundant storage sub-system (storage and
  processor)
• Does not need to pass MCH
• Basic MCH is sufficient

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Media Gateway/Trunking Gateway
Call Processor Subsystem
Media Processor (DSP) transcoding
Media Processor Subsystem
Call Processor Main ctrl.
Fabric (GbE)
Traffic Processor
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
7
Fabric (GbE)
Switch
Traffic Processor Subsystem
I/O STM-1
I/O STM-1
I/O STM-1
I/O STM-1
Uplinks
IP Network (NGN)
TDM Network (trunks)

• Media Processing (e.g. VoIP to TDM)
• 12.000 subscribers
• 12 tps (48.000 BHCA)
• 800 Mbits/s of traffic

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Media Gateway/Trunking Gateway
Call Processor Subsystem
Media Processor Subsystem
Traffic Processor Subsystem

• Media Processing (e.g. VoIP to TDM)
• 12.000 subscribers
• 12 tps (48.000 BHCA)
• 800 Mbits/s of traffic

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Traffic Profiles Media Gateway

• Media Gateway/Trunking GW traffic
• Transcoding and media processing using DSPs
• VoIP to TDM
• TDM to VoIP
• 12.000 subscribers
• 12 tps (48.000 BHCA)
• 800 Mbit/s of traffic
• DSP load 12.000 data streams

Media Gateway/Trunking Gateway
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Media/Trunking Gateway - mTCA Profile

• Implications on fabric and MCH
• 10 GbE uplink capacity for network uplink (NGN)
  on each tier 2 MCH
• 10 GbE uplink on each MCH to interconnect both
  tiers
• 10 GbE uplink on each tier 1 MCH to interconnect
  Call Processor Subsystem on upper shelf
• Uplink for TDM traffic (SS7) over STM-1 interface
  AMCs
• Dual star to 12 slots for each MCH sufficient
  (AMC ports 0 and 1 as in mTCA spec)
• No need for PCIe or other fabric on MCH (multi
  processor operation for traffic processors not
  feasible with PCIe)
• Special backplane design for storage subsystem
• Point-to-point connections for SAS/SATA disks in
  redundant storage sub-system (storage and
  processor)
• Does not need to pass MCH
• Basic MCH is sufficient

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Systems Validation
Typische Konfigurationen vorher testen erspart
Überraschungen
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Services supporting systems design

• Professional Services
• Training tutorials in ATCA systems and systems
  design
• Consulting in design engineering of ATCA/mTCA
  systems
• Pre-integrated systems to develop customer
  specific designs
• Engineering support for customer projects
• Systems Validation
• Conformance, interoperability, performance and
  benchmarks
• Pre-integrated systems
• Customer designed systems
• 3rd party systems
• Using of Kontron validation tools
• Validation of AMCs in ATCA and mTCA environments
• Validate configurations of customer projects
• Set-up OSHA environment
• Remote diagnosis and repair

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Kontron RD Lab
Systems under test
Load conformance
Lab environment for validation and tests
46
ATCA System Validation Kit
Starthilfe für Kundenprojekte, für den internen
Gebrauch und Demos
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Media Server start-up configuration
KAVE terminal
switch
Internet (e.g DSL dynamic DNS)
Streaming client
Streaming Clients
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Applications

• Start-up Configuration
• 2x AT 8901 Hub with
• 2x AT 8020 CPU 2x SATA AMC each
• Linux installed (Red Hat, CentOS)
• Application Demo
• Quicktime Streaming Server (H.264, MPEG-4, 3GPP)
  or other free streaming server (t.b. defined)
• Systems Validation Demo KAVE tools installed
• Extensions
• HA platform (Linux HA cluster, ENEA, others to
  validate)
• RAID Options SATA RAID SAS RAID configuration
• DSP AMCs for media processing on carrier board
  (t.b. defined)
• 1x E1 AMC/STM-1 1x AMC CPU 2x DSP AMC for
  TDM/VoIP (Trunking Gateway) on carrier board
• 1x E1 AMC/STM-1 1x CPU AMC for CS7 signalling
  (Signalling Gateway) on hub board

1st step
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Extension 1 HA Platform

• System Architecture
• HA Platform based on Linux OS virtualisation
  (DRDB, Keep Alive), copy of Kontron Web-Server
  with support of Kontron IT to demonstrate
• Switch-over
• Fail-over
• ENEA HA platform GUI
• Others to validate

storage
processor
synch state
Switch (Hub)
LAN
50
Extension 2 RAID Options
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Extension 3 Legacy Interfaces

• System Configuration
• 2x AM 4002 CPU
• 2x Interphase E1/T1 AMC (iSpan 3639) and
• 2x Interphase STM-1/OC3 AMC (iSpan 3632) as
  option
• Linux higher layer protocols on CPU AMC
• Applications
• Trunking Gateway VoIP to TDM and vice versa
  incl. Voice processing on DSPs
• Signalling Gateway CS7 signalling

52
Extension 4 DSP

• System Configuration
• 1x AT 8400 carrier board
• 1x AM4002 CPU
• 3x Surf Rider DSP CPU
• Linux installed
• Application 1 Trunking Gateway
• VoIP to TDM conversion (DSP)
• DSP CPU RTP call ctrl.
• E1/STM1 CPU Lower protocol layers higher
  protocol layers
• To be validated with sample applications provided
  by partners (ready to run )
• Application 2 Media Transcoding (t.b.d.)

53
mTCA System Validation Kit
Gleicher Fahrplan wie ATCA, jedoch andere
technische Basis
54
IP-PBX start-up configuration
Spare
Spare
Spare
Spare
Spare
Spare
WLAN switch
2 SIP WiFi phones in Kontron WLAN
Internet e.g. SipGate, PBXnet
2 SIP hardphones
public SIP phones
55
Extension 1 HA Platform
Spare
Spare
Spare
Spare
Spare
Spare

• System Architecture
• HA Platform included based on OS virtualisation
  for Linux
• Option ENEA
• Option other implementations for the sake of
  comparison

storage
processor
synch state
Switch (MCH)
LAN
56
Extension 2 RAID Versions
MCH assumed to support meshed configuration to
CPUs
Spare
Spare
Spare
Spare
Version 2 SAS RAID 2 disks partitions per CPU (2
ports on SAS disks)
RAID
RAID
Version 1 SATA RAID 2 disks per CPU
RAID
RAID
synch state
synch state
LAN
LAN
57
Extension 3 Interfaces
8x E1
8x E1

• System Architecture
• Line cards for POTS, ISDN phones
• PSTN PRI
• Extra I/O ports for mir SIP connectivity and IP
  based signalling protocols

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Das nächste Mal (Teil 10)

• Die Zukunft der Netze
• Ein Blick zurück
• Öffentliche und private TK-Netze
• Anwendungen in Netzen
• Organisation von Netzen
• Mikroprozessoren in Zukunft alle vernetzt
• Anwendungen aus der Industrie, Transport
  Medizintechnik

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Ende Teil 9