S7L5.B

1
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.B
1. Which of the following factors is necessary in
order for natural selection to occur in a
species? A genetic variation within a
population B an abundance of food resources C a
hospitable environment D a strong family structure
2
CRCT Preparation
1. Which of the following factors is necessary in
order for natural selection to occur in a
species? A genetic variation within a
population B an abundance of food resources C a
hospitable environment D a strong family structure
3
CRCT Preparation
S7L5
2. The branching diagram shows the relationship
between several species of finches. Which
species DNA is most similar to the DNA of the
tree finch? A Ground finch B Cocoa
finch C Vegetarian finch D Warbler finch
4
CRCT Preparation
2. The branching diagram shows the relationship
between several species of finches. Which
species DNA is most similar to the DNA of the
tree finch? A Ground finch B Cocoa
finch C Vegetarian finch D Warbler finch
5
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.B
3. Which of the following is an example of
natural selection? A bears moving into a new part
of a forest over many generations B a tree
growing towards sunlight C shrubs growing longer
thorns over many generations D a plant growing
between rocks
6
CRCT Preparation
3. Which of the following is an example of
natural selection? A bears moving into a new part
of a forest over many generations B a tree
growing towards sunlight C shrubs growing longer
thorns over many generations D a plant growing
between rocks
7
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.A
4. Charles Darwin noticed that finches on
different islands of the Galápagos Islands were
similar but that their beaks differed. What
explanation for these differences did he
propose? A The beaks of the finches are adapted
to the way the bird usually gets food. B Specific
genetic mutations occur that make beak size
change in response to random selection
factors. C The different beaks of the finches
would one day evolve into identical beaks. D Beak
size is related to the size of the finch.
8
CRCT Preparation
4. Charles Darwin noticed that finches on
different islands of the Galápagos Islands were
similar but that their beaks differed. What
explanation for these differences did he
propose? A The beaks of the finches are adapted
to the way the bird usually gets food. B Specific
genetic mutations occur that make beak size
change in response to random selection
factors. C The different beaks of the finches
would one day evolve into identical beaks. D Beak
size is related to the size of the finch.
9
CRCT Preparation
S7L5
5. A population of organisms is separated into
two groups for many years. When will the two
populations be considered two different
species? A when the populations live in different
habitats B when the populations eat different
food C when the populations behave
differently D when the populations can no longer
interbreed
10
CRCT Preparation
5. A population of organisms is separated into
two groups for many years. When will the two
populations be considered two different
species? A when the populations live in different
habitats B when the populations eat different
food C when the populations behave
differently D when the populations can no longer
interbreed
11
CRCT Preparation
S7L5
6. The table shows average beak measurements for
birds living on three islands. If narrow beaks
are best for eating insects, on which island
would you expect to find the most birds that eat
insects? A Verde Island B Azul Island
C Rosa Island D Verde Island and Azul Island
12
CRCT Preparation
6. The table shows average beak measurements for
birds living on three islands. If narrow beaks
are best for eating insects, on which island
would you expect to find the most birds that eat
insects? A Verde Island B Azul Island
C Rosa Island D Verde Island and Azul Island
13
CRCT Preparation
S7L3.C
7. Which of the following is an example of
selective breeding? A Populations of lizards
that have a certain trait become more numerous
after a change in climate. B Farmers allow only
sheep that produce the best wool to breed. C A
population of bacteria develops resistance to an
antibiotic. D A population of insects develops
resistance to a pesticide after farmers
repeatedly use the same pesticide to kill the
insects.
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CRCT Preparation
7. Which of the following is an example of
selective breeding? A Populations of lizards
that have a certain trait become more numerous
after a change in climate. B Farmers allow only
sheep that produce the best wool to breed. C A
population of bacteria develops resistance to an
antibiotic. D A population of insects develops
resistance to a pesticide after farmers
repeatedly use the same pesticide to kill the
insects.
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CRCT Preparation
S7L5
8. Charles Darwins theory of natural selection
was based partly on his observation that A DNA
is the genetic material of all living
things. B all eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
C some organisms have more offspring than others
do. D garden pea plants can self-pollinate.
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CRCT Preparation
8. Charles Darwins theory of natural selection
was based partly on his observation that A DNA
is the genetic material of all living
things. B all eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
C some organisms have more offspring than others
do. D garden pea plants can self-pollinate.
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CRCT Preparation
S7L3.A
9. In some plants, the allele for round seeds (R)
is dominant over wrinkled seeds (r). Which of
these genotypes will accurately complete the
Punnett square? A RR B Rr C rr D rR
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CRCT Preparation
Chapter 5
9. In some plants, the allele for round seeds (R)
is dominant over wrinkled seeds (r). Which of
these genotypes will accurately complete the
Punnett square? A RR B Rr C rr D rR
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CRCT Preparation
S7L3.A
10. Which of the following best describes the
difference between the meanings of phenotype and
genotype? A A phenotype is the entire genetic
makeup of an organism, whereas a genotype is the
combination of genes for one specific trait. B A
phenotype is the appearance of an organism,
whereas a genotype is the genetic makeup of the
organism. C A phenotype is the result of the
environment on appearance, whereas a genotype is
the result of genes on appearance. D A phenotype
is the result of heterozygous alleles, whereas a
genotype is the result of homozygous alleles.
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CRCT Preparation
Chapter 5
10. Which of the following best describes the
difference between the meanings of phenotype and
genotype? A A phenotype is the entire genetic
makeup of an organism, whereas a genotype is the
combination of genes for one specific trait. B A
phenotype is the appearance of an organism,
whereas a genotype is the genetic makeup of the
organism. C A phenotype is the result of the
environment on appearance, whereas a genotype is
the result of genes on appearance. D A phenotype
is the result of heterozygous alleles, whereas a
genotype is the result of homozygous alleles.
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CRCT Preparation
S7L3.A
11. The allele for freckles, F, is dominant among
humans. If a woman with freckles (FF) and a man
without freckles (ff) have children, what are the
possible genotypes of the children? A Ff B FF,
Ff, ff C Ff, ff D ff
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CRCT Preparation
Chapter 5
11. The allele for freckles, F, is dominant among
humans. If a woman with freckles (FF) and a man
without freckles (ff) have children, what are the
possible genotypes of the children? A Ff B FF,
Ff, ff C Ff, ff D ff
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CRCT Preparation
S7L3.A
12. Part of a mouses tail is cut off as the
mouse escapes from a cat. The mouse later
reproduces. Which explanation best describes why
the mouses offspring have long tails? A Long
tails are a dominant trait. B Short tails do not
appear in the first generation or the second
generation. C Cutting the tail of the mouse
changed its genes. D Cutting the tail of the
mouse did not change its genes.
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CRCT Preparation
Chapter 5
12. Part of a mouses tail is cut off as the
mouse escapes from a cat. The mouse later
reproduces. Which explanation best describes why
the mouses offspring have long tails? A Long
tails are a dominant trait. B Short tails do not
appear in the first generation or the second
generation. C Cutting the tail of the mouse
changed its genes. D Cutting the tail of the
mouse did not change its genes.
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CRCT Preparation
S7L3.C
13. Which of the following is a process in which
humans choose specific mates for organisms, such
as dogs or roses, to produce organisms that have
desirable traits? A selective breeding B sexual
reproduction C genetic typing D genetic
counseling
26
CRCT Preparation
Chapter 5
13. Which of the following is a process in which
humans choose specific mates for organisms, such
as dogs or roses, to produce organisms that have
desirable traits? A selective breeding B sexual
reproduction C genetic typing D genetic
counseling
27
CRCT Preparation
S7CS3.A
14. The table shows the results of crosses of pea
plants. Based on the information in the table,
what is the approximate ratio of yellow seeds to
green seeds? A 13 B 31 C 33 D 21
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CRCT Preparation
Chapter 5
14. The table shows the results of crosses of pea
plants. Based on the information in the table,
what is the approximate ratio of yellow seeds to
green seeds? A 13 B 31 C 33 D 21
29
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.A

• 15. A population of mosquitoes is sprayed with a
  new insecticide. Most of the mosquitoes are
  killed but a few survive. In the next
  generation, the praying continues, but still more
  mosquitoes hatch that are unaffected by the
  insecticide. Which of the following best
  explains these results?
• The insecticide caused a mutation in the genes of
  the immune mosquitoes.
• B. The mosquitoes learned how to fight the
  insecticide.
• C. A few mosquitoes in the first population were
  immune and passed this trait to their offspring.
• D. The insecticide caused the mosquitoes to
  develop an immune response that was inherited.

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CRCT Preparation
S7L5.A

• 15. A population of mosquitoes is sprayed with a
  new insecticide. Most of the mosquitoes are
  killed but a few survive. In the next
  generation, the praying continues, but still more
  mosquitoes hatch that are unaffected by the
  insecticide. Which of the following best
  explains these results?
• The insecticide caused a mutation in the genes of
  the immune mosquitoes.
• B. The mosquitoes learned how to fight the
  insecticide.
• C. A few mosquitoes in the first population were
  immune and passed this trait to their offspring.
• D. The insecticide caused the mosquitoes to
  develop an immune response that was inherited.

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CRCT Preparation
S7L5.A

• 16. Five hundred grasshoppers of one species were
  sprayed with a new insecticide. Twenty-four
  hours later nearly all the grasshoppers were
  dead. A few, however, survived. This outcome
  illustrates which one of the Darwins key ideas?
• There are variations among individual within a
  species.
• B. Animals adapt to new environments.
• All living things come from pre-existing living
  things.
• New species develop from survivors.

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CRCT Preparation
S7L5.A

• 16. Five hundred grasshoppers of one species were
  sprayed with a new insecticide. Twenty-four
  hours later nearly all the grasshoppers were
  dead. A few, however, survived. This outcome
  illustrates which one of the Darwins key ideas?
• There are variations among individual within a
  species.
• B. Animals adapt to new environments.
• All living things come from pre-existing living
  things.
• New species develop from survivors.

33
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.B

• 17. Suppose that a small species of flowering
  plant lives in a desert area. Over many
  thousands of years, the area changes to a forest.
  The plant remains small in size, but undergoes
  other changes to adapt to the new environment
  which allows less light to the developing plant.
  What of the changes is likely?
• Development of deeper roots.
• Development of thick cuticles
• Development of thorns
• Development of larger and broader leaves.

34
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.B

• 17. Suppose that a small species of flowering
  plant lives in a desert area. Over many
  thousands of years, the area changes to a forest.
  The plant remains small in size, but undergoes
  other changes to adapt to the new environment
  which allows less light to the developing plant.
  What of the changes is likely?
• Development of deeper roots.
• Development of thick cuticles
• Development of thorns
• Development of larger and broader leaves.

35
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.B

• 18. Where might an albino animal have a
  selective advantage over an animal with a brown
  coat?
• Taiga
• Tundra
• Ocean Shoreline
• Temperate Forest

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CRCT Preparation
S7L5.B

• 18. Where might an albino animal have a
  selective advantage over an animal with a brown
  coat?
• Taiga
• Tundra
• Ocean Shoreline
• Temperate Forest

37
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.C

• 19. Animal fossils are more plentiful than plant
  fossils because animals contain
• Hard parts such as bones, teeth, and shells.
• Soft parts such as flesh and hair
• Large amounts of water
• Small amounts of chemicals

38
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.C

• 19. Animal fossils are more plentiful than plant
  fossils because animals contain
• Hard parts such as bones, teeth, and shells.
• Soft parts such as flesh and hair
• Large amounts of water
• Small amounts of chemicals

39
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.A

• 20. In his observations of the finches in the
  Galapagos Islands, Darwin stated that we could
  never watch natural selection in action. Why
  did Darwin believe this?
• Natural selection happens so quickly, it is
  difficult to see.
• Natural selection is an internal process that can
  not be outwardly observed.
• Natural selection occurs over so many
  generations, it is impossible to see changes
  occur.
• Natural selection is a process that occurs
  randomly, and it is unlikely that a human would
  be present when it occurs.

40
CRCT Preparation
S7L5.A

• 20. In his observations of the finches in the
  Galapagos Islands, Darwin stated that we could
  never watch natural selection in action. Why
  did Darwin believe this?
• Natural selection happens so quickly, it is
  difficult to see.
• Natural selection is an internal process that can
  not be outwardly observed.
• Natural selection occurs over so many
  generations, it is impossible to see changes
  occur.
• Natural selection is a process that occurs
  randomly, and it is unlikely that a human would
  be present when it occurs.