Health Effects of Traffic-Related Particulate Pollution

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Health Effects of Traffic-Related Particulate
Pollution

• Christine Rioux, MS
• Doctoral Candidate, Instructor
• Tufts University

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(No Transcript)
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Health effects linked to near highway air
pollution exposure
Pulmonary Disease - Asthma - Lung function -
Lung cancer Cardiovascular disease - Heart
attack - Atherosclerosis - Heart rate
variability
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Regional / local gradients and near roadway
studies Jerrett LA ACS 2005 (n22,000) 11 to
17 overall mortality increase per 10 micrograms
with 25 to 60 increase in ischemic heart disease
and lung cancer 44 increase in lung cancer
within 500 m of highway intersections Nyberg
Stockholm 2000 most mobile intense quintile of
city has 60 greater lung cancer deaths than
least. Finkelstein and Jerrett Hamilton 2004
40 increase in cardiovascular deaths within 100
meters of highways, 50 of busy urban streets Hoek
and Brunekreef Netherlands 2002 95 increase in
cardiopulmonary mortality within 100 m of
highways, 50 of busy city streets
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Overall 62-85 higher levels of coronary heart
disease for people living within 150 meters of
major roads
Residential Exposure to Traffic is Associated
with Coronary Atherosclerosis July 16th, 2007 -
Hoffman et al.
63, 34 and 8 higher rates of Atherosclerosis
for people living within 50, 100, and 200 meters
of major roads
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Asthma and distance to roadways
Prevalence of asthma by distance of residence to
a major road within 500 m, among long-term
residents with no family history of asthma.
Dotted lines indicate 95 confidence
interval.Environ Health Perspect. 2006 May
114(5) 766772.
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Ultrafine Particles in Alveolar Macrophages
As PM10 ? - carbon in airway immune cells ?
and lung function ???
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Neighborhoods next to I-93 in Somerville
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Living Near major Highways in Boston area
(from American Housing Survey for the United
States 2003 Series H150/03)

• There are over 170,000 people within 400 m and
  over 25,000 people within 100 m of the major
  highways (gt50,000 vehicles/day) in the Boston
  area (using 2000 census data).

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