Oceanic Hot Spots

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Oceanic Hot Spots
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A Chain of Volcanoes is created by the moving
plate

• The hotspot stays in one place while the plate
  moves over it
• Click here for a visualization

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Examples of Lava Flows on Kilauea
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Magma Type? Silica? Explosive?
Magma Formation
Lava
Landform
Plate Tectonics
Where on Earth
Basaltic
LOW
Rarely
Increase in temperature
Flows Pahoehoe, Aa, Pillow
Shield Volcano, Chain of Islands
Does not occur at a plate boundary
Hawaii, Iceland
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Continental Hot Spots
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Yellowstone

• About 600,000 years ago
• HUGE volcanic eruptions occurred in Yellowstone,
  emptying a large underground magma chamber.
• Volcanic debris spread for thousands of square
  miles in a matter of minutes.
• The roof of this chamber collapsed, forming a
  giant smoldering pit.
• This caldera was 30 miles (45 km) across, 45
  miles (75 km) long, and several thousand feet
  deep.
• Eventually the caldera was filled with lava.

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• 15-13mya

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Obsidian Volcanic glass are common rhyolitic
flows
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The Grand Canyon of Yellowstone is made out of
rhyolite.
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Basalt flows can also occur at continental hot
spots because some of the magma comes directly
from the mantle.
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Magma Type? Silica? Explosive?
Magma Formation
Lava
Landform
Plate Tectonics
Where on Earth
Rhyolitic
HIGH
Extremely
Increase in temperature
MAINLY Rhyolitic Flows (Obsidian), but also
Basaltic flows.
In Yellowstone this formed a caldera.
Does not occur at a plate boundary.
Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming and Montana