Richard Nixon

1
Richard Nixons Childhood
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. Warm-up Questions
2. Background Knowledge
3. Text Analysis
4. Exercises
5. Questions For Discussion
2
Warm-up Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1.  Who was Richard Nixon? 2.  When did he first
visit China? 3.  What was the significance of
this visit? 4.  Richard Nixon was twice president
of the U.S. Why did he resign office in 1974?
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. Nixon Richard Milhous (1913-1994), 37th
president of the U.S. (1969-1974). Nixon was born
into a Quaker family and was trained and
practised as a lawyer. He began his political
career with election to Congress in 1946, and
four years later he was elected to the Senate.
Acting as Eisenhowers vice-president
(1953-1961), Nixon played an unusually prominent
role both at home and abroad. In 1960 he was
chosen as the Republican presidential nominee,
but was narrowly defeated by John Kennedy. In
1962 he announced his retirement to pursue his
career in law. Reentering political life in 1964,
Nixon gradually won wide backing. He was elected
President of the U.S. in 1969 and was reelected
in 1972 with a large majority.
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Nixon made his historic visit to the Peoples
Republic of China in 1972, Which reopened contact
with China after a generation of hostility.
(pictures) Nixons second term of office was
aborted by the Watergate scandal. Several of his
top aids were tried and imprisoned. On August 9,
1974, Nixon resigned, being the first US
president to do so. Barred from practising law,
he wrote his memories and other books and died in
1994. President Nixons motto was, if two wrongs
dont make a right, try three.
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
2. President Nixons Remarks At Andrews Air Force
Base (February 28, 1972) Mr. Vice President,
Members of the Congress, Members of the Cabinet,
Members of the Diplomatic Corps, and ladies and
gentlemen I want to express my very deep
appreciation, and the appreciation of all of us,
for this wonderfully warm welcome that you have
given us, and for the support that we have had on
the trip that we have just completed, from
Americans of both political parties and all walks
of life across this land.
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
And because of the superb efforts of the
hardworking members of the press who accompanied
us they got even less sleep than I did
millions of Americans in this past week have seen
more of China than I did. Consequently tonight I
would like to talk to you not about what we saw,
but about what we did, to sum up the results of
the trip and to put it in perspective.
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
When I announced this trip last July, I
described it as a journey for peace. In the last
30 years, Americans have in three different wars
gone off by the hundreds of thousands to fight,
and some to die, in Asia and in the Pacific. One
of the central motives behind my journey to China
was to prevent that from happening a fourth time
to another generation of Americans.
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
As I have often said, peace means more than
the mere absence of war. In a technical sense, we
were at peace with the Peoples Republic of China
before this trip, but a gulf of almost 12,000
miles and 22 years of noncommunication and
hostility separated the United States of America
from the 750 million people who live in the
Peoples Republic of China, and that is
one-fourth of all the people in the world.
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
As a result of this trip, we have started the
long process of building a bridge across that
gulf, and even now we have something better than
the mere absence of war. Not only have we
completed a week of intensive talks at the
highest levels we have set up a procedure
whereby we can continue to have discussions in
the future. We have demonstrated that nations
with very deep and fundamental differences can
learn to discuss those differences calmly,
rationally, and frankly, without compromising
their principles. This is the basis of a
structure for peace, where we can talk about
differences, rather than fight about them.
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Background Knowledge
Distant Education College, Jilin University
The primary goal of this trip was to
re-establish communication with the Peoples
Republic of China after a generation of
hostility. We achieved that goal.
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11
Exercises
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. True/False Questions 2. Multiple-choice
Questions
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12
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. As Hannah was an experienced teacher she had
no difficulty in instructing young Richard.
2. Hannah taught her son much about European
culture. 3. Later in life Nixon was often proud
of his elementary schoolteacher Miss George
because she held that he had a photographic mind.
4. The only difference between young Richard and
other boys was that he usually did not play with
the others and never smiled. 5. Young Richard
admired his elder brother Harold.
Answer
13
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. As Hannah was an experienced teacher she had
no difficulty in instructing young Richard.
F 2. Hannah taught her son much about European
culture. 3. Later in life Nixon was often proud
of his elementary schoolteacher Miss George
because she held that he had a photographic mind.
4. The only difference between young Richard and
other boys was that he usually did not play with
the others and never smiled. 5. Young Richard
admired his elder brother Harold.
Answer
14
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. As Hannah was an experienced teacher she had
no difficulty in instructing young Richard.
F 2. Hannah taught her son much about European
culture. T 3. Later in life Nixon was often
proud of his elementary schoolteacher Miss George
because she held that he had a photographic mind.
4. The only difference between young Richard and
other boys was that he usually did not play with
the others and never smiled. 5. Young Richard
admired his elder brother Harold.
Answer
15
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. As Hannah was an experienced teacher she had
no difficulty in instructing young Richard.
F 2. Hannah taught her son much about European
culture. T 3. Later in life Nixon was often
proud of his elementary schoolteacher Miss George
because she held that he had a photographic mind.
F 4. The only difference between young Richard
and other boys was that he usually did not play
with the others and never smiled. 5. Young
Richard admired his elder brother Harold.
Answer
16
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. As Hannah was an experienced teacher she had
no difficulty in instructing young Richard.
F 2. Hannah taught her son much about European
culture. T 3. Later in life Nixon was often
proud of his elementary schoolteacher Miss George
because she held that he had a photographic mind.
F 4. The only difference between young Richard
and other boys was that he usually did not play
with the others and never smiled. F 5. Young
Richard admired his elder brother Harold.
Answer
17
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. As Hannah was an experienced teacher she had
no difficulty in instructing young Richard.
F 2. Hannah taught her son much about European
culture. T 3. Later in life Nixon was often
proud of his elementary schoolteacher Miss George
because she held that he had a photographic mind.
F 4. The only difference between young Richard
and other boys was that he usually did not play
with the others and never smiled. F 5. Young
Richard admired his elder brother Harold. T
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. It was young Richards grandmother who was the
first to find that he had a great talent for
absorbing knowledge. 7. Nixons grandmother gave
him special treatment and so he learned lasting
values from her. 8. Young Richard was a
hard-working as well as a gifted boy. 9. Richard
Nixons parents were willing to do what they
could for their children. 10. Richard Nixon was
his mothers favorite child. She taught him
European culture and wanted him to be a teacher
like herself.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. It was young Richards grandmother who was the
first to find that he had a great talent for
absorbing knowledge. F 7. Nixons grandmother
gave him special treatment and so he learned
lasting values from her. 8. Young Richard was a
hard-working as well as a gifted boy. 9. Richard
Nixons parents were willing to do what they
could for their children. 10. Richard Nixon was
his mothers favorite child. She taught him
European culture and wanted him to be a teacher
like herself.
Answer
20
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. It was young Richards grandmother who was the
first to find that he had a great talent for
absorbing knowledge. F 7. Nixons grandmother
gave him special treatment and so he learned
lasting values from her. T 8. Young Richard was
a hard-working as well as a gifted
boy. 9. Richard Nixons parents were willing to
do what they could for their children.
10. Richard Nixon was his mothers favorite
child. She taught him European culture and wanted
him to be a teacher like herself.
Answer
21
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. It was young Richards grandmother who was the
first to find that he had a great talent for
absorbing knowledge. F 7. Nixons grandmother
gave him special treatment and so he learned
lasting values from her. T 8. Young Richard was
a hard-working as well as a gifted
boy.T 9. Richard Nixons parents were willing to
do what they could for their children.
10. Richard Nixon was his mothers favorite
child. She taught him European culture and wanted
him to be a teacher like herself.
Answer
22
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. It was young Richards grandmother who was the
first to find that he had a great talent for
absorbing knowledge. F 7. Nixons grandmother
gave him special treatment and so he learned
lasting values from her. T 8. Young Richard was
a hard-working as well as a gifted
boy.T 9. Richard Nixons parents were willing to
do what they could for their children.
T 10. Richard Nixon was his mothers favorite
child. She taught him European culture and wanted
him to be a teacher like herself.
Answer
23
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. It was young Richards grandmother who was the
first to find that he had a great talent for
absorbing knowledge. F 7. Nixons grandmother
gave him special treatment and so he learned
lasting values from her. T 8. Young Richard was
a hard-working as well as a gifted
boy.T 9. Richard Nixons parents were willing to
do what they could for their children.
T 10. Richard Nixon was his mothers favorite
child. She taught him European culture and wanted
him to be a teacher like herself. F
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
11. Miss George never called the boy Dick as she
thought it was a very foolish nickname.
12. Richard Nixons good memory played an
important role in his political career. 13. As a
child, Richard Nixon was very jealous of his
elder brother and often competed with him.
14. Richard Nixon received good education from
his mother and grandmother. The two women had
strong influence on the shaping of his character.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
11. Miss George never called the boy Dick as she
thought it was a very foolish nickname. F
12. Richard Nixons good memory played an
important role in his political career. 13. As a
child, Richard Nixon was very jealous of his
elder brother and often competed with him.
14. Richard Nixon received good education from
his mother and grandmother. The two women had
strong influence on the shaping of his character.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
11. Miss George never called the boy Dick as she
thought it was a very foolish nickname. F
12. Richard Nixons good memory played an
important role in his political career. T 13. As
a child, Richard Nixon was very jealous of his
elder brother and often competed with him.
14. Richard Nixon received good education from
his mother and grandmother. The two women had
strong influence on the shaping of his character.
Answer
27
True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
11. Miss George never called the boy Dick as she
thought it was a very foolish nickname. F
12. Richard Nixons good memory played an
important role in his political career. T 13. As
a child, Richard Nixon was very jealous of his
elder brother and often competed with him.
F 14. Richard Nixon received good education from
his mother and grandmother. The two women had
strong influence on the shaping of his character.
Answer
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True/False Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
11. Miss George never called the boy Dick as she
thought it was a very foolish nickname. F
12. Richard Nixons good memory played an
important role in his political career. T 13. As
a child, Richard Nixon was very jealous of his
elder brother and often competed with him.
F 14. Richard Nixon received good education from
his mother and grandmother. The two women had
strong influence on the shaping of his character.
T
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. Who had the strongest influences on Nixons
childhood? A) His father and mother. B) His
mother and brother. C) His mother and
grandmother. D) His brother and grandmother.
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. Who had the strongest influences on Nixons
childhood? C A) His father and mother. B) His
mother and brother. C) His mother and
grandmother. D) His brother and grandmother.
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
2. Before he went to elementary school, Nixon had
______. A) become a keen reader of childrens
encyclopedias B) been devoted to European
culture C) become proficient in French and
German D) been a master of clear expression
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
2. Before he went to elementary school, Nixon had
______. A A) become a keen reader of childrens
encyclopedias B) been devoted to European
culture C) become proficient in French and
German D) been a master of clear expression
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
3. Hannah was inclined to stop the use of
Richards nickname because _____. A) his
nickname was foolish B) children were not allowed
to use their nicknames when they entered
elementary school C) Miss George disliked his
nickname D) she thought it more respectful to use
her sons full name
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
3. Hannah was inclined to stop the use of
Richards nickname because _____. D A) his
nickname was foolish B) children were not allowed
to use their nicknames when they entered
elementary school C) Miss George disliked his
nickname D) she thought it more respectful to use
her sons full name
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
4. Which of the following statements is the
authors objective description of Richard Nixons
memory? A) He had a photographic mind. B) He had
a natural capacity for remembering
information. C) He was blessed with a very good
memory. D) He did not have to work very hard to
remember things.
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
4. Which of the following statements is the
authors objective description of Richard Nixons
memory? C A) He had a photographic mind. B) He
had a natural capacity for remembering
information. C) He was blessed with a very good
memory. D) He did not have to work very hard to
remember things.
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
5. The competitive quality within Richard Nixon
was first shown in his early experiences with
________. A) his mother B) his father C) his
older brother Harold D) his grandmother
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
5. The competitive quality within Richard Nixon
was first shown in his early experiences with
________. C A) his mother B) his father C) his
older brother Harold D) his grandmother
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. Which of the values that Nixon inherited from
his grandmother probably led him to pay an
informal visit to China in 1972? A) A passion
for love. B) A passion for fame. C) A passion for
peace. D) A passion for hard work.
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
6. Which of the values that Nixon inherited from
his grandmother probably led him to pay an
informal visit to China in 1972? C A) A passion
for love. B) A passion for fame. C) A passion for
peace. D) A passion for hard work.
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
7. The chief idea of the poem can be summarized
as ____. A) we should thank God for work B) work
is only interesting if we really want to do it C)
work is the source of our greatest strengths and
joys D) it is wonderful to have useful work to do
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
7. The chief idea of the poem can be summarized
as ____. C A) we should thank God for work B)
work is only interesting if we really want to do
it C) work is the source of our greatest
strengths and joys D) it is wonderful to have
useful work to do
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
8. What does the author intend to tell us in this
passage? A) Nixons early experiences played a
key role in his adult life. B) Nixon has become
outstanding because of his passion for privacy
and quietness. C) It was clear even from his
early years that Nixon would become a great
leader. D) Nixons father and older brothers had
the most important influence on his childhood.
Answer
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Multiple-choice Questions
Distant Education College, Jilin University
8. What does the author intend to tell us in this
passage? A A) Nixons early experiences played a
key role in his adult life. B) Nixon has become
outstanding because of his passion for privacy
and quietness. C) It was clear even from his
early years that Nixon would become a great
leader. D) Nixons father and older brothers had
the most important influence on his childhood.
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Questions for Discussion
Distant Education College, Jilin University
1. What do you know about the characteristics of
young Richard after reading the text? 2. Do you
think your childhood experiences have had a
direct influence on your later life? Explain
which of your early experiences influenced you
most? 3. Which one of your relatives had the most
important influence on the shaping of your
character? How did he/she influence you?
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Do you know why Richard Nixon, the 37th
president of the United States, paid an informal
visit to China in 1972, a visit which made it
possible for the United States to build a better
relationship with China? Nixon has always been
regarded as a man of great talent and strong
will. Do you want to know what helped to form
these characteristics? The following passage will
tell you about Nixons early life. One way in
which both Frank and Hannah did show their love
was in their willingness to make sacrifices for
their children. As parents, they were devoted to
ensuring that their sons obtained the best
possible education. At an early age they
concentrated their efforts on Richard, as he
showed most signs of being a talented and perhaps
even a gifted child.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
The making of the early mind of Richard Nixon
owed most to his mother. If her marriage had not
cut short her college education she would have
become a teacher. She was a well-educated young
woman, proficient in Greek, Latin, German and
French, with a deep interest in European
culture. Hannah taught Richard to read before
he went to infant school and awakened his
interest in her own specialized areas of
classics, languages, and history. By the age of
five he had become an eager reader of childrens
encyclopedias, history stories and adult
periodicals.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Hannah opened Richards mind to European
culture she started him off in French and
German, introduced him to Shakespeare and trained
him to recite poetry. Hannah was, above all, a
classicist. She believed that Latin was the
fountainhead of language, and that the ancient
historians and orators were the masters of clear
expression. Under his mothers instruction
classics had a strong influence on Richards
childhood imagination.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Besides expanding Richards mental curiosity
and capabilities far beyond the interests of the
average five year old, Hannah drilled into him
the importance of working hard in order to grow
up to be somebody. A small clue to her strong
desire for her second son was her attempt to stop
the use of the nickname Dick as too foolish,
perhaps, for a future man of importance. By the
way Miss George, please call my son Richard and
never Dick. I named him Richard, Hannah told his
school-teacher on the day he entered the
elementary school. Miss Mary George never forgot
this request one of the many reasons why this
little boy was rather different from the others
in her class. Her recollections of Richard
Nixons early progress are revealing.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
He was a very quiet, studious boy and kept
mostly to himself he was one of those rare
individuals born with knowledge. He only had to
be exposed or shown and he never forgot he
absorbed knowledge of any kind in that year he
read no less than thirty or forty books, maybe
more, besides doing all of his other work he
never had to work for knowledge at all. He was
told something and he never forgot. He has a
photographic mind, I think.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Although this early judgment of Richards
ability by his first schoolmistress may be too
flattering, nevertheless Miss Georges reference
to the photographic quality of his mind showed
much insight. The phrase photographic memory
falls too easily from the tongue and is rarely
accurate, but what can be said with certainty of
Richard Nixon is that he was blessed with a very
good memory. For various reasons it has often
suited him during his career to downplay this
remarkable gift. During his life he preferred to
brush aside discussion of this talent with the
comment, My memory is very good only for a
simple reason I worked at it. However he
acquired it, there is little doubt that this
capacity for remembering information of every
description, from names, facts and figures to
speeches and documents, was fundamental to his
later political success.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
He was a very quiet child and rarely ever
smiled or laughed, recalled his schoolteacher
Miss George. I have no recollection of him
playing with others in the playground, which
undoubtedly he did like other youngsters in
mild weather Richard always came barefoot. Every
day he wore a freshly cleaned white shirt with a
big black bow tie and knee pants. He always
looked like his mother had scrubbed him from head
to toe. The funny thing is, I can never remember
him ever getting dirty.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
The one person who could bring Richard out of
his shell was his elder brother Harold, the
oldest son in the family. Harold was a daredevil,
a charmer, an outgoing risk-taker who loved
danger, excitement, rough and tumble. Richard
heroworshipped his elder brother. Never
quick-moving himself, he found it difficult to
match the pace set by Harold as they raced off
together into adventures. Their physical
inequality was painfully apparent. Richard would
tumble down, cut his knees, run out of breath,
yet never quit in his struggles to keep up with
his stronger brother. The first signs that
Richard was going to be a great competitor and a
great trier were displayed in his childhood
relationship with Harold.
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54
Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
One other close relative who had a major
impact on Richard was his grandmother, Almira
Milhous. She had strong passions for history, for
poetry, for racial equality and especially for
educating the young. This last interest made her
a good communicator with her thirty-two
grandchildren. Having been a schoolteacher before
her marriage, Almira had a good eye for the
brightest child in the class and she quickly
spotted that of all her descendants, Richard
Nixon had the most talent for absorbing
knowledge. She was the first person ever to say,
That boy will one day be a leader. Although she
tried to be careful not to single him out for
special treatment at family gatherings, it was
nevertheless noticed that Almira was especially
attached to Richard.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
At her knee he read her history books,
absorbed her firm belief in Republicanism, and
came to share her admiration for Ghandi, Lincoln
and other peacemakers whose biographies she gave
to him. Above all, Richard absorbed from his
grandmother certain key values that stayed with
him throughout his life. A passion for peace and
a passion for privacy was his summary of his
Milhous heritage. He could well have added a
passion for hard work. Richard Nixon grew
up to be an industrious as well as a clever boy.
The old saying that genius is one per cent
inspiration and ninety-nine per cent perspiration
was applicable to him. When he was ten,
Grandmother Almira gave Richard a poem.
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Text Analysis
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Work! Thank God for the might of it
The ardor, the urge, the delight of it Work
that springs from the hearts desire Setting
the brain and the soul on fire Abridged from
Nixon, A Life by Jonathan Aithken first published
in 1993. Approximately 1,200 words.
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ensure in5FuE vt. ??,??to make sure or
certain insuree.g. We can ensure that the work
shall be done in the right way.????????????
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Words to Know
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58
proficient prE5fIFEnt adj. ??? having or
marked by an advanced degree of competencee.g.
She is proficient at figure skating.????????
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Words to Know
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infant 5InfEnt n. ??,??babye.g. Infant
mortality has been dramatically reduced because
of modern medicine.????????????????????
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Words to Know
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60
awaken E5weIkEn vt. ??,??to cause to wake
upe.g. People must be awakened to the danger of
these chemical weapons. (?)??????????????????????
?
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Words to Know
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encyclopedia ensaIklEJ5pidIE n. ???? a
comprehensive reference work containing articles
on a wide range of subjectse.g. A dictionary
explains words and an encyclopedia explains
facts.??????,?????????
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Words to Know
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periodical pIErI5RdIkEl n. ??magazinee.g.
His article was published in a learned
periodical.??????????????
Distant Education College, Jilin University
Words to Know
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recite rI5saIt vt. ??,??memorizee.g. The
child can recite poems at the age of five.
?????????????
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Words to Know
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expand Ik5spAnd vt. ??,?? enlargee.g. The
business has expanded from having one office to
having twelve. ????????????????12??????
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Words to Know
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recollection rekE5lekFEn n. ??,?? memorye.g.
That evening is one of my happiest recollections.
??????????????????
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Words to Know
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revealing rIvilIN adj. ??????,?????
permitting an elucidating glimpse or a perception
of something intimate or concealede.g. Thats a
very revealing biography.?????????????
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Words to Know
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studious 5stjudjEs adj. ???,??? given to
diligent studye.g. She is really a quiet,
studious child.???????,??????
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Words to Know
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flattering flAtErIN adj. ???,???disgustinge.
g. Those flattering remarks filled me with
disgust.??????????
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Words to Know
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reference 5refrEns n. ??,?? an act of
referringe.g. She made frequent references to
her promotion.??????????
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Words to Know
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insight 5InsaIt n. ???,????,?? the capacity
to discern the true nature of a situation
penetratione.g. My grandfather is a man of
insight.?????????????
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Words to Know
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blessed 5blesId adj. ??(??) bringing
happiness, pleasure, or contentmente.g. The old
lady is blessed with excellent health.
??????????????
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72
scrub skrQb vt. ??,??clean, rub, washe.g. I
got paint on my hands and it won't scrub
off.????????, ????
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73
passion 5pAFEn n. ????,???? a powerful
emotion, such as love, joy, hatred, or angere.g.
His skills as a player don't quite match his
passion for the game.?????????????????????
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74
spot spRt vt. ??,?? detect or discerne.g.
She spotted a friend in a crowd.????????????
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75
biography baI5RrEfI n. ?? an account of a
person's life written, composed, or produced by
anothere.g. He read the biography of Byron many
times.??????????
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76
heritage 5herItIdV n. ???,?? something that
is passed down from preceding generations a
traditione.g. We Chinese have a great cultural
heritage.??????????????
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77
Richard Nixon (1913-1994) the 37th president of
the United States (1969-1974). During his
administration, the United States withdrew its
military forces from Vietnam and informally
recognized the government of the Peoples
Republic of China. The Watergate scandal that
occurred at the beginning of his second term led
him to become the first United States President
ever to resign from office. Nixon was born in
Yorba Linda, California in 1913. He was the
second of Hannah and Frank Nixons five children,
all of whom were boys.
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78
Ghandi (1869-1948) Indias best-known leader of
this century. He led his country to freedom from
direct British rule through a policy of
non-violence. A Hindu and a lawyer, Ghandi was
assassinated by a religious fanatic. (pictures)
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79
LincolnAbraham Lincoln (1809-1865) the 16th
president of the United States, guided his
country through the most devastating experience
in its national history the American Civil War.
He is considered by many historians to have been
the greatest American President. (picture)
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80
owe to ?????,????e.g. He owes his success to
good luck more than to ability.?????????,??????
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81
cut short ??e.g. He often regretted his player
career cut short by illness.?????????????????????
?
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82
start off (?)??e.g. The horse started off at a
steady trot.???????????
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83
keep to oneself ??????,???e.g. He likes to keep
to himself and tries his best to avoid meeting
people.?????,??????????
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84
brush aside ????,?????e.g. It is a problem that
you can not brush aside.??????????
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85
keep up with ??e.g. Are wages keeping up with
inflation? ???????????
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86
have an impact on ??????e.g. Will the war have
an impact on such a poet??????????????????
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87
single out ??,??e.g. He was singled out for
special training.?????????????
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88
be attached to ???,??e.g. I am very attached to
that old picture.?????????
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89
above all ???,??e.g. Above all, I love
Tchaikovsky. ??,?????????
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90
One way in which both Frank and Hannah did show
their love was in their willingness to make
sacrifices for their children.???????????????????
???????????
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91
At an early age they concentrated their efforts
on Richard, as he showed most signs of being a
talented and perhaps even a gifted
child.????????????????????????,??????????????????
???????
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92
The making of the early mind of Richard Nixon
owed most to his mother. If her marriage had not
cut short her college education she would have
become a teacher.???????????????????????????????
?????,????????????
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93
Hannah taught Richard to read before he went to
infant school and awakened his interest in her
own specialized areas of classics, languages, and
history.???????????????????,???????,??,??????????
?????????????
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94
Besides expanding Richards mental curiosity and
capabilities far beyond the interests of the
average five year old, Hannah drilled into him
the importance of working hard in order to grow
up to be somebody.???????????,??????,????????????
????????,????????????,??????????????
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95
Although this early judgment of Richards ability
by his first schoolmistress may be too
flattering, nevertheless Miss Georges reference
to the photographic quality of his mind showed
much insight.?????????????????????????,??????????
????????????????
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96
For various reasons it has often suited him
during his career to downplay this remarkable
gift.??????,?????????????????????????? it has
often suited him (to do) it has often been of
benefit to him (to do)
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97
However he acquired it, there is little doubt
that this capacity for remembering information of
every description, from names, facts and figures
to speeches and documents, was fundamental to his
later political success.?????????????,????,??????
?????,?????,??,??,???????,??????????????????? of
every description of every kind
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98
The one person who could bring Richard out of his
shell was his elder brother Harold, the oldest
son in the family.???????????????????????,??????
bring Richard out of his shellmake Richard
less quiet and reserved
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99
Harold was a daredevil, a charmer, an outgoing
risk-taker who loved danger, excitement, rough
and tumble.??????????,????,????????,???????,?????
????rough and tumblefighting or wrestling but
only in play
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100
Having been a schoolteacher before her marriage,
Almira had a good eye for the brightest child in
the class and she quickly spotted that of all her
descendants, Richard Nixon had the most talent
for absorbing knowledge.????????????,????????????
????,??????,????????,???????????????????
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101
Pictures
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?????????????
More
102
Pictures
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???????????????????????
????????????
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103
Pictures
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LINCOLN
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104
Pictures
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Ghandi
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