Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails

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Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails

• Ms. Lourdes Martinez
• 6th

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The Skin The bodys largest organ.

• Functions of the Skin
• A shield against water.
• A defense against germs.
• Helps control body temperature.
• Works as a sense organ.
• Makes us look the way we do.

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Parts of the Skin

• 1. Epidermis The outermost layer of skin
• 2. Dermis The thick inner layer of skin
• 3. Subcutaneous Layer Fatty tissue below the
  dermis
• Melanin The substance
• that gives skin its color.

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Taking care of your skin What should we do?

1. Showering or bathing regularly with soap and
   water.
2. Use a mild soap to help keep your skin from
   drying out.
3. Use a lotion if you have dry skin.
4. Wash your hands often.
5. Sunscreen protection.

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Skin Problems

• A. Acne
• B. Warts
• C. Boils
• D. Cold sores
• E. Sunburn

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Sun Dangers

• The sun can be more dangerous for your skin than
  dirt and germs are. The sun gives off invisible
  waves of energy called ultraviolet rays. The rays
  cause sunburn and tanning, which are signs that
  the skin has been harmed.
• Years of being the sun can damag your skin. Over
  time, skin damage may lead to cancer. If some
  skin cancers arent treated early, they can cause
  death.

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ABCD Rules for Signs of Skin Cancer
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Sunscreen Protection

• Following these precautions will help you stay
  safe in the sun
• Cover up. Wear shirts and pants that cover and
  protect as much of your skin as possible.
• Use a sunscreen with an SPF, sun protection
  factor, of at least 30. Apply the sunscreen 30
  minutes before going outside. Be generous when
  applying the sunscreen to your body. Reapply
  sunscreen every two hours if you are swimming or
  sweating. Use lip balm with sunscreen to protect
  your lips.
• Wear a hat to protect your face, neck, and ears.
• Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from harmful
  UV rays.
• Limit your sun exposure. Stay out of the sun
  between 10 am. and 4 pm., when UV rays are
  strongest.

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Caring for Your Nails

• Your nails protect the tips of your fingers
• and toes.
• Keeping your nails trimmed is important
• for their appearance and health.
• Caring for your nails
• Clean your nails at least once a day.
• Use warm, soapy water and a nail brush to remove
  the dirt and germs.
• Watch for changes in nails. A change can be a
  sign of illness.
• Dont bite your nails. It can spread germs from
  your nails to your mouth.
• Use nail clippers or manicure scissors to cut
  your toenails and fingernails.
• Dont cut your nails too short. It can lead to
  infection.

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Caring for your hair

• Much of your body is covered with hair. Each hair
  grows from a pitlike area called a hair follicle.
• There are about 200,000 hairs on your head.
• They help protect your scalp from the sun.
• They keep you warm in cold weather.
• Caring for your hear
• Brush or comb it each day.
• Dont share combs or brushes with friends. (Head
  lice can be passed from person to person)
• Shampoo your hair.
• Comb your hair gently after shampooing.
• Let your hair dry naturally.

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Personal Hygiene

• Hormones cause these changes in
• your body
• Oil glands release more oil, which may cause
  pimples called acne.
• Recommendation Wash your face often with soap
  and water.
• 2. Sweat more than you did when you were younger
  and
• the sweat has an odor.
• Recommendation Daily bathing and using
  deodorant or an antiperspirant.

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Healthy Teeth and Gums
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Kinds of Teeth

• Incisors Cut into and tear apart food
• Canines Grasp and tear food
• Premolars Eight short teeth between canines and
  molars
• Molars Do the major work of chewing food

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Parts of the Tooth

• Crown Visible to the eye
• Neck Between the crown and the root
• Root Found inside the gums
• Enamel Covers the crown of the tooth
• Dentin Bonelike material surrounding the pulp
  of the tooth
• Pulp Soft tissue containing nerves and blood
  vessels
• Cementum Thin, bonelike material covering the
  root

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When is it time to go to the dentist?

• At about 230 (tooth Hurty) he he he (Awesome
  dentist joke)

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Taking Care of your Teeth and Gums

• Brush your teeth after eating
• Floss between your teeth
• Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and toothpaste
  that contains flouride.
• Reserve starchy foods and foods high in sugar for
  mealtimes.
• Have regular dental checkups.

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Dental Problems

• Everyone-including you-has bacteria in his or her
  mouth. These bacteria make a sticky substance
  calles plaque, which coats your teeth. When the
  bacteria in plaque break down sugars in the foods
  you eat, acids form. These acids make holes,
  called cavities, in your tooth enamel.
• If a cavity isnt treated, the hole spreads
  through the dentin to the pulp and then to the
  damaged portion of the tooth. The dentist then
  fills the hole with a hard material, and the
  tooth is saved.
• Plaque can cause other problems, too. If plaque
  is allowed to remain on the teeth, it forms a
  hardened material. This material can cause
  gengivitis, a gum disease in which the gums
  become red and swollen.

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Orthodontia

• Some people wear braces, usually for several
  years, to straighten teeth. After the braces are
  removed, a person may wear another dental
  appliance, called a retainer. The retainer keeps
  the teeth from moving out of place.

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• The straightening of crooked teeth is called
  orthodontia.
• Straightening teeth makes them easier to clean
  and helps
• Prevent cavities and gum diseases.
• Prevent uneven wear of the teeth.
• Ensure that your teeth will last a lifetime.