Lighting and Wiring Fundamentals

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Lighting and Wiring Fundamentals

• Chapter 36
• Page 466

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Primary verses Secondary Wiring

• Primary wiring carries around 12 volts. Almost
  all wiring in your vehicle is primary
• Secondary wiring carries high voltage (up to
  100,000 volts) The ignition system is the only
  wiring that is secondary. (spark plug wires)

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Circuit Protection Devices
Fuses

• Controls Devices

Switches for on and off
Fuses and Circuit Breakers Protect form Overloads
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Fuse links

• A fuse link is a piece of smaller (weaker) wire
  linking a regular wire. If the circuit is
  overloaded then the link burns and breaks
  contact. This section is coated with a fire
  retardant material.

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Types of lights
Socket type
Rear tail Lights Must be Red
Various Bulbs
Sealed Beam
Head Lights
Side Marker
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Headlight Operation
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Standard Lighting Verses Halogen

• Standard lighting is most common with all lights
  except headlights. Standard light bulbs need to
  be handled with care.
• Halogen lights burn extremely bright and Hot.
  Dont touch then when on and try not to handle
  them by touching the glass. Your fingerprint-if
  left on it will make the light fail quickly.
  (halogen bulbs can be blue in color)

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High Intensity Discharge (HID)

• Gives off a blue color
• These bulbs are filled with Zenon
• The reaction causes an arc which is very bright.
• These bulbs take 3-5 seconds to fully brighten,
  once on, they use 25 less power than halogen
  lights.
• Caution- High Voltage is produces at the bulb
  (800 volts) this is used to start its arc
• Dont use test equipment on it. Either its
  working or not. (Voltage is too high for our
  meters)

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Dimmer Switch

• Change from high to low beams
• It has a flash option at times to notify oncoming
  traffic
• Some cars have auto dimmers-optical sensors
  detect oncoming cars and dim the lights for you
• Can be located on the floor or on most modern
  vehicles they are incorporated in the turn
  signal arm

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Courtesy Lights

• Includes dome, glove box, under hood, floor, dash
  and trunk lights
• Can be operated through headlight switch and
  another near headlight switch
• Will dim through headlight switch (dash)
• Door, hood, and trunk switches control those
  lights

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Tail Lights

• On with light switch
• Red in color
• Incorporated in an assemble with brake and back
  up lights
• Socket type bulbs
• Fused as parking lights or tail lights

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Brake Lights and Turn Bulbs

• Many light bulbs have more than one filament
  inside them. These bulbs normally have offset
  pins to ensure proper locking in the socket. Be
  sure to look carefully at the bulb you are
  replacing to make sure you do not try to force
  the bulb in the wrong way.
• Some bulbs have a colored glass envelope that
  enables them to be used with a clear lens. If you
  replace a bulb of this type, make sure that you
  replace it with one of the same color.

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Wipers and Washers

• Modern motors have a delay option
• The first motors ran off vacuum from the engine
  that was subject to slowing or stoppage. (rpm)
• A 1968 federal law called for at least two speeds
  and a washer system.

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Types of Wiper Designs
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Rain Sensor

• System Operation
• An infrared beam is reflected off the outside
  surface of the windshield to the infrared sensor
  array. When moisture strikes the windshield, the
  system experiences an interruption to its
  infrared beam. Advanced analog and digital signal
  processing determines the intensity of rain or
  snow. The sensor communicates to the wiper
  control module to switch on the wiper motor and
  controls the wipers automatically according to
  the moisture intensity detected.

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Horns

• Most vehicles have two horns wired in parallel if
  one fails the other will work. (one horn may have
  a different tone).
• A diaphragm and an electromagnet produce the
  noise.
• When you push the horn button it closes the
  circuit.

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Your Job.

• Complete chapter Questions 1-15 (review) and 1-10
  (ASE-style). Page 476
• Write on a separate paper and write out the
  complete question and your answer. ( do not write
  the other answer options).
• Complete the chapter worksheet (I will give it
  out). You may write on it.
• File all items in your note book.
• Notebooks will be graded in the future.