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Atoms, Elements, and Compounds

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Chapter Fourteen: Elements and the Periodic Table 14.1 The Periodic Table 14.2 Properties of the Elements Investigation 14B How is the periodic table organized? – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Atoms, Elements, and Compounds


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Atoms, Elements, and Compounds
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Chapter Fourteen Elementsand the Periodic Table
  • 14.1 The Periodic Table
  • 14.2 Properties of the Elements

4
Investigation 14B
Periodic Table Group Challenge
  • How is the periodic table organized?

5
14.2 Properties of the elements
  • Most of the pure elements are solid at room
    temperature.
  • Only 11 naturally occurring elements are a gas.
  • Only 2 elements (Br and Hg) are liquid at room
    temperature.

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14.2 Periodic properties of elements
  • Periodicity means properties repeat each period
    (row) of the periodic table.

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The pattern of above is an example of periodicity.
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14.2 Thermal and electrical conductivity
  • Electricity is the movement of electric charge,
    usually electrons.
  • Some materials allow electrons to flow easily
    through them.
  • We call these materials electrical conductors.

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14.2 Thermal and electrical conductivity
  • Like copper, most metals are good thermal
    conductors.
  • That is one reason pots and pans are made of
    metal.

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14.2 Thermal and electrical conductivity
  • Because they are so different from metals,
    elements on the far right of the table are called
    non-metals.
  • Nonmetals make good insulators.
  • An insulator is a material which slows down or
    stops the flow of either heat or electricity.

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14.2 Metals and metal alloys
  • An alloy is a solid mixture of one or more
    elements.
  • Most metals are used as alloys and not in their
    pure elemental form.
  • Yellow brass is an alloy of 72 copper, 24 zinc,
    3 lead, and 1 tin.

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14.2 Carbon and carbon-like elements
  • Almost all the molecules that make up plants and
    animals are constructed around carbon.
  • The chemistry of carbon is so important it has
    its own name, organic chemistry.

How are diamonds and silicon important?
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14.2 Nitrogen, oxygen and phosphorus
  • Oxygen and nitrogen are crucial to living animals
    and plants.
  • For example, proteins and DNA both contain
    nitrogen.
  • Phosphorus is a key ingredient of DNA, the
    molecule responsible for carrying the genetic
    code in all living creatures.

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Technology Connection
Digging for Gold
  • The physical properties of gold make it useful in
    surprising ways.
  • You can find gold in astronaut gear, airplane
    windshields, and even in some peoples eyelids!

15
Activity
Name that Element
  • Each element on the periodic table has a chemical
    symbol that is an abbreviation of the elements
    name.
  • In this activity, youll make a set of flashcards
    for 30 elements and then play a game to see who
    in your class knows their elements.
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