Sources Of Stagnation

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Gloria's and MiMi's show
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Sources Of Stagnation

• Vietnam Wars economic distortions
• - prices went up (oil 1970)
• - dollar not strong enough
• - all the money went to the War

• Low improvements in
• - education
• - scientific skill
• - manufacturing capacity

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• President Lyndon B. Johnson spend money on the
  Vietnam War and in his Great Society program
  which caused
• - too much money in peoples hands and too
  little products to buy

• Causes for the U.S not advancing
• - Americans got caught by the Japanese and
  Germans industries doing dominated
• - steel, automobiles, consumer electronics

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Nixon Vietnamizes the War

• President Richard Nixon brought to the house
• - knowledge
• - thoughtful expertise in foreign
  affairs

• - Nixon problems
• - Americans were dissension over Vietnam
  and race relations
• - ripping apart of American society

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• Fix the Vietnam dilemma
• -policy Vietnamization
• - which 540,000 Americans troop were
  pulled out of Southeast Asian a war turned back
  over to Vietnamese

• By January 1970 the Vietnam War was the longest
  in America History
• - 40,000 killed and over 250,000 wounded
• - third costly War

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• My Lai Massacre 1968 American troops brutally
  massacred innocent women and children
• - led to more opposition to the war
• 1970 Nixon attacked Cambodia which are Vietnams
  neighbor

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• April 29,1970 Nixon ordered American forces to
  join the South Vietnamese
• -clean out the enemy sanctuaries in
  officially neutral Cambodia

• North Vietnamese and Viet Cong used Cambodia
• - bordering South Vietnam on the West as
  springboard for troops
• - weapons and supplies

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• Students from Kent State University in Ohio
  respond angry to the invasion with rocks, window
  smashing, and arson
• National Guard fired
• -killed 4 and wounding many
• Students from College in Mississippi highway
  patrol discharged volleys and killed 2 students

• 1971 the 26 amendment
• - lowered the voting age to 18
• the New York Times published Pentagon Papers
  which caused people to spoke between what the
  government said and the reality

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Nixons Détente with Beijing(Peking) and Moscow

• China and Soviet Union were clashing over
  interpretations
• -U.S (Nixon) seized the chance to
  relax tension and establish détente
• Nixon then went to China to better relations
  (succeeded)

• Nixon then went to Moscow in May 1972
• - foodstuffs
• - alarmed over possibility of a U.S
• Deal between America and China
• -sell the Soviets 750 million worth of
  wheat, corn, and other cereals

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A New Team on the Supreme Bench

• Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) struck down a
  state law
• - banned use of contraceptives, even
  married couples, however right to privacy
• protected the womens abortion rights

• Griswold v. Wainwright (1963)
• - free legal counsel if to poor
• Escobedo(1964) and Miranda(1966)
• - right to remain silent and other
  protection when accused of a crime

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• U.S and the USSR agreed to an anti-ballistic
  missile (ABM) treaty
• -limiting each nation to 2
  clusters of defensive missiles
• - arm-reduction negotiations know
  as SALT
• - freezing numbers of long-range
  nuclear missiles for five years
• ABM Treaty(anti-ballistic missile) and the
  SALT(strategic arms limitation talks) lessened
  tension
• - U.S MIRV(multiple independently
  reentry vehicles) missiles which could over come
  any defense which the USSR did the same
• Nixon détente policy work

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• Engle v. Vitale(1962) and School District of
  Abington vs. Schempp(1963)
• - (court)required prayers
  and having Bible in public schools
• - Brown v. Board of
  Education made the court back up
• Nixon chose Warren E. Burger to replace Earl
  Warren
• - Nixon had four new members
  that were appointed

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The Nixon Landslide of 1972

• 1972 Vietnamese attacked with heavily equipped
  with foreign tanks
• Nixon responded with massive booms
• - China nor Russia helped because of
  Nixon

• Nixons campaign emphasized that he had wound
  down Democratic war
• Nixon won the election in a landslide
• - 520 electoral votes to 17 McGovern
• Nixon sought bomb Vietnam to the peace table

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Nixon on the Home Front

• Nixons Great Society programs
• - increased Medicare and Medicaid
• - Aid Families with Dependent
  Children
• - Supplemental Security Income
• benefited indigent, aged, blind,
  disabled raised Social Security

• Nixon plan (Philadelphia Plan) required
  construction-trade unions to establish goals and
  timetables for black employees
• White protested to reverse discrimination
• Nixon worried about the inflation
• - 90 days wage freeze
• And took the nation off the gold standard

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• January 23, 1973 Nixon eventually drove the
  North Vietnamese to bargaining table to agree to
  cease fire
• pace U.S withdraw its remaining 27,000 troops
  get back 560 prisoners of war

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The Secret Bombing of Cambodia and the War Powers
Act

• Nixon kept on bombing until June 1973
• bombing inflicted grisly wounds Cambodia,
  blasting people, shredding its economy and
  revolutionizing its politics
• Cambodia was taken over by Pol Pot

• July 1973 America was shock that U.S Air Force
  had secretly conducted thirty-five hundred
  b0mbing raids North Vietnamese in Cambodia
• Americans wonder that we have been fighting a
  war that we knew nothing about

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• Pol Pot tried to commit genocide by killing 2
  million people over a span
• War Powers Act November 1973 president to
  report committing troops to foreign in 48 hours
  end in 60 days
• New Isolationism discourage to use U.S
  troops in other countries

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The AraB oil embargo and the Energy crisis

• Syrians and Egyptians attacked Israel for regain
  the territory they had lost in the 6 days of war
  1967
• the U.S back up Israel
• Arab nations impose oil embargo U.S limited oil
  and fuel crisis

• energy crisis 55 mph to conserve fuel
• U.S 1948 imported oil but then went down hill
  1970
• oil consumption tripled at the end of WW 2
• 1991 U.S went into shooting against Iraq over
  oil supplies

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• OPEC lifted embargo 1974 quadrupled oil price
• U.S led on forming the international Energy
  Agency 1974

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Water Gate Unmaking of a President

• On June 1972 five men working for the Republican
  Committee for the Re-election of the president
  (Creep)were caught breaking into the water gates
  hotel and planting some bugs in the room
• -what followed
• -a huge scandal
• -many prominent administrators
  resigned
• Lengthy hearings proceeded, headed by senator Sam
  Eruing, and john Dean 3rd testified about all the
  corruption, illegal activities, and scandal's
  that took place
• They discovered tapes that recorded the
  conversation, but Nixon refused to hand over the
  tapes

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• Vice president Spiro Agrew was forced to resign
  in 1973 due to tax evasion
• Thus, the accordance of the new 25th Amendment
• On august 5,1974, Nixon finally released the
  three tapes, proving he had ordered a cover up of
  the Watergate situation

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The First Unelected President

• Gerald Ford was the first unelected ever, since
  his name had been submitted by Nixon as a V.P
  candidate when Sprio Agrew resigned due to a
  bribery scandal while he was Maryland governor

• He was also seen as a dumb jock of a president
  Che was a former University of Michigan football
  player) and his popularity and respect further
  sank when he issued a full pardon of Nixon, thus
  setting off accusations of a buddy deal

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• His popularity also declined when he granted
  amnesty to draft dodgers thus allowing them to
  between to the U.S from whenever theyd run to
  usually Canada and Europe
• In July 1975, Ford signed Helsinki accords, which
  recognized soviet boundaries, guaranteed human
  rights, and eased the U.S soviet situations

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Defeat In Vietnam

• Disastrously for ford, South Vietnam fell to the
  communist North in 1975, and American troops had
  to be evacuated, the last on April 29, 1975, thus
  ending the U.S pole in Vietnam war.
• America seemed to have last the war, and it had,
  also a lot of respect.

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Feminist Victories and Repeats

• During the 1970s the feminist movement became
  energized and took a decidedly aggressive tone.
• Title ix prohibited sex discrimination in any
  federal funded education program
• a) its largest impact was seen in the
  emergence of girls sports

• The supreme Court entered the fray in the
  feminist movement
• a) the Court decisions challenged in
  legislation and employment.
• b) the Super-hot Roev Wade case legalized
  abortion, arguing the ending a pregnancy was
  protected under a right to privacy.

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• Even more ambitious was ERA (Equal Rights
  Amendment) to the constitutions

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The Seventies in Black and White

• Race was a burning issues, and in the 1974
  Milliken V. Bradly case, the supreme court ruled
  that desegregation plans could not require
  students to move across school- district lines

• Affirmative action, where minorities were given
  preference in jobs or school admittance, was
  another burning issue,but some whiles used this
  to argue reverse discrimination

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• The Supreme courts only black justice, thurgood
  marshall, warned that the denial of racial
  preference might sweep away the progress gained
  by the civil right movement

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The Bicentennial Campaign and the Cartar Victory

• In 1976, Jimmy Carter barely squeezed by Gerald
  Ford (297 to 240) for president, promising to
  never lie to the American public. He also had
  democratic majorities in both houses of congress.
  
• 1978, Carter got an 18 billion tax cut for
  America, but economy soon continued sinking

• Despite an early spurt of popularity, Carter soon
  lost it

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Carters Humanitarian Diplomacy

• Carter was a champion for human rights, in
  Rhodesia (later Zimbabwe) south Africa, he
  championed for black rights privileges
• September 17, 1978, president an war sad at of
  Egypt prime minister menachem begin of Israel
  signed peace accord at camp David

• In Africa, though, several communist revolutions
  took place not all successful, but dishearten
  threatening still
• Carter also pledged to return the panama canal to
  panama by the year 200, resumed full
  diplomatic relations with china 1979

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• Economic energy was
• -inflation had been steadily rising
  by 1979 it was at a huge 13 Americans would
  learn that they could no longer rude behind their
  ocean moats live happily insulted from foreign
  affair
• carter diagnosed America's problems as streaming
  primarily from the nations costly dependence on
  foreign oil, which was true

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Foreign affairs and the iranian imbroglio

• Cater signed the salt 11 agreements with soviet
  premier Heroid Brezhnez, but the u.s senate
  wouldnt ratify it
• then on November 4, 1979 a bunch of anti American
  Muslim militants stormed the U.s embassy in
  Tehran and took the people inside hostage
  demanding that the u.s two weeks earlier for
  cancer treatments