??(performance)

1
?????????
?6?
?????????
?? ??
2
??(performance)

• ????????
• ??????????????????
• ??????????? 3GHz
• ?????????????? 256MB
• HDD???????????? 80GB
• ???????????? 7??
• ????????????
• ????,????,??????
• ?????? 200MB,1GB ?

3
Core i7 ??

• ?????????
• ???????

4
nVidia Tegra 2
???????,?????PC??????LSI 1????Dual
CPU,8??GPU????,???????????
5
???????? System on Chip (SoC)

• Apple A6 (iPhone 5) SoC
• Dual ARM cores and three GPUs

Samsung 32 nm High-K process, 9.70 mm x 9.97
mm, Sept 2012.
6
nikkeiTRENDYnet ??

• Core i7????????? Core 2 Duo???????
• ????????????????????
• ???????????????p?????1677????????????
• RAW???????????????
• 800???????????????????RAW???(1????????13MB)?30????
  ?????????????????????JPEG?????

7
??????????
?????????????
???? ?????????????????? (????)
?????? ???????????????
(a)
??????
????????? ??????????
????
??????
(b)
?????? ??????? ?????????
????
8
??) ???????????
??)
?????????????????????????? ???????????????
1.??????????? 2.???????????
?)
1.??????????? ? ??????????
?????????????
2.??????????? ? (?????)??????????
?????????????
9
??????
???????????????????????
(???X?)?????
??X 1/????X
????????????
???????
???X????Y???n???
n ??X/??Y ????Y /????X
10
??) ????
??)
????????????????????????? A??10?????B??15????????A
? ???B???????????
?)
???A??? 1/10 s-1 ???B??? 1/15 s-1
???????A????B??????
???(1/10) / (1/15) 15/10 1.5 ?
11
?????
???????????????????
???????????
???? ??????????????????????????I/O???OS??????????????????
CPU?? CPU?????????????????????????????????CPU??????????CPU???????CPU????????
???CPU?? ????????????????????
????CPU?? OS???????????????????????
???????CPU???CPU??????
12
????
????????????????????
??
??????
??
?????????????????
???????1/??????
?) Pentium IV 3GHz CPU???????????3GHz
???????0.33ns
13
?????

• ??????????
• ? ?????????? ? ????????
• ???????? ?????????
• ????????????????
• ???????????????.
• ????????????????????
• ????????????????????
• ??????????????

14
?????????
??????????????CPU????
???? ???????
???????? CPU?????????
???????? CPU????
X

???? ???
???????? CPU?????????


?????????????????? ? ????????????? ?
????????????????????? ???????
??????????????????? (?????????????????????????????
??? ?????????????????????????????)
15
??) ?????
??)
???????400MHz????A??10?????? ????????6????????B???
?????? A????????????????1.2??????? ??????????B????
????????????
?)
CPU??A?????A / (400 x 106)10
CPU??B?????B / ???????B 6
?????B1.2 x ?????A 1.2 x 10 x 400 x 106 ??
???????B ?????B / 6
1.2 x 10 x 400 x 106 / 6 800 x 106
800 MHz
16
CPI(1?????????????????)
???????????????????
????????????????????? ????????????????????
????????????????????CPI???
CPI(1?????????????????)
?????? CPU?????????
1?????? ???????????
????????????

X
CPI
???????????????????????? (??A?1???????B?2?????????
?)
17
??) ????????
??)
?????????????????2?????????? ???A?????????????1ns?
????????? ?CPI?2.0????B?????2ns?1.2???????? ??????
????????????????
?)
CPU??A???A x 2.0 x (1 x 10-9)
CPU??B???B x 1.2 x (2 x 10-9)
?????????????????A???B??
??? CPU??B / CPU??A (1.2 x 2 x
10-9) / (2.0 x 1 x 10-9) 1.2
(???A????B???1.2???)
18
CPI?CPU??????(1)
???? ???????
???????? CPU????
????????????
CPI
X
X

???? ???

????????????
CPI

X
???????? ??
CPU?? ???????????????
????? ???????????????
???????????????(CPI) ???????????/??
?????????? ?/?????????
19
CPI?CPU??????(2)
???? ???
????????????
???????? CPU????
CPI


X
???????? ?????
??????? ????????
???????? ????
?????????? ??????????? ???????????
CPI???? ? ???????????????????? ?
???????????
20
??) ????????
??)
???????????????A,B,C?CPI????? CPIA1, CPIB2,
CPIC3?????????????? ???????????????????2?????
??????????????CPI??????????
????????????? ????????????? ?????????????
????? A B C
1 2 1 2
2 4 1 1
?)
?????1??????????2x11x22x310 ?????2??????????4
x11x21x39
??????????2???????????
?????1?CPI(2x11x22x3)/(212)10/52.0 ?????2?C
PI(4x11x21x3)/(411)9/61.5
21
????????

• ????????????
• 4bit,8bit,16bit,32bit
• ????,PIC,?????
• Bit?????????
• 12bit????(TLCS12).
• ?,64bit,128bit,
• Very Long Instruction Word(VLIW)

22
?????????
??????A ??????A ??????B ??????B
?????1(?) 1 ta1 10 tb1
?????2(?) 1000 ta2 100 tb2
????(?) 1001 110
????(?) 500.5 55
?????? ??????? ???????
????(?) 31.6 31.6
?????????????????? ---?????????????????? ???? S
tai ta1 ta2 ???? Stai /n (ta1
ta2)/2 ?????? S(taiwi) /n (ta1w1
ta2w2)/2 wi??????i????? ???? v(ta1ta2)
23
????????????????
A??????? A??????? B??????? B???????
A B A B A B A B
?????1(?) 1 10/110 1/100.1 1
?????2(?) 1 100/10000.1 1000/10010 1
????(?) 1 (100.1)/25.05 (0.110)/25.05 1
????(?) 1 v10?0.11 v0.1?101 1

• ????????????????????

24
CPU?????????
????????????????? 1.??????????? 2.CPI????????????
???????? 3.??????????CPI????????????? ??????????
????????????(instruction set architecture) ??
?????(machine instruction)?????? ?)abc load
R1, b add R1, b, c load R2,
c store R1, a add R3, R1, R2 store
R3, a RISC(reduced instruction set computer)
CISC(complex instruction set computer) ???register
??? memory??????? ?????????????
???????????????? ???????????
????????????? memory???load?add???????
25
???????????(??????)
?) SPEC95??????
?????? ? ?
go ???????????
m88ksim Motorola 88K??????????????????????
gcc SPARC????????Gnu C?????
compress ?????????????????
li Lisp???????
ijpeg ????????
perl ?????????????Perl??????????
vortex ???????????
tomcatv ???????????
swim 513X513?????????????
su2cor ?????????????????????
hydro2d ?????????????????????
mgrid ?????????????????????
applu ???/?????????
turb3d ???????????????????????
apsi ??????????????????????
fpppp ????
wave5 ?????????????????????
26
???????SPECint95/SPECfp95????
SPECint
SPECfp
???????(MHz)

• ???????1.4x(int),1.7x(fp)??
• ????2x?? pentium 1.7x(int) 1.4x(fp)
• Pentium Pro??????????

27
MIPS, MOPS, FLOPS
??????
(??)MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second) ?
1??????????(???100???) ??MIPS (???????/???????)x
MIPS????? MOPS(Million of Operations Per
Second) ? 1????????(???100???) MFLOPS(Millio
n of FLoating Operations Per Second) ?
1?????????????(???100???) Peak MIPS ????????
28
MFLOPS

• ???????????????????????????.
• ???????????float?????
• ???????M68882????Cray-2????
• Sin???M68882?1??
• ?????????????????????

29
??????????????

• ?????????????????
• ?????????????
• ???????????????
• ????????????????
• ????????,????????????????.
• ???????????????.

????????????????, ???????????????
30
Amdahl???
??????????????????????? ????????????????
?) ??????????????????????? ???80??????????????
???? ????????????????5???????
?) ????
????????????????20????? ?????????
?????????????????????????? ????????????Amdahl???