Urochordates = Tunicates = Sea squirts

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Protochordates include
Urochordates Tunicates Sea squirts
(See figure 2-2 in text)
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Underappreciated beauty of tunicates
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Dorsal hollow nerve cord
Muscular post anal tail
Notochord
Adhesive surface
Pharynx with endostyle
Larva stands on its head and attaches to
surface
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Urochordate larva diagrams dont do it justice!
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Cephalochordates Amphioxus Lancelets
(See figure 2-2 in text)
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Living Agnaths - Lamprey
Hagfish
Wheres the link to protochordates?
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Lamprey larva Ammocoetes
See figure 3-6
Tunicate larva
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Lamprey- Vertebrate Ectoparasites
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Estimates of 30-40lbs of fish killed by a
lamprey in adult life span
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Human influences 1800s Erie canal Weeland
canal around Niagra falls !
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Lamprey Control Exploiting basic natural history
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Lamprey Control Larvicides and spawning barriers
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AKA Slime eels!
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Even Hagfish can be beautiful!
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Ordovician Agnaths - Ostracoderms
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A Recent Surprise Vertebrates (or at least
Craniates) in the Cambrian!!!!
Haikouichthys
Myllokumingia