ORISSA COMPUTER ACADEMY

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ORISSA COMPUTER ACADEMY
BHUBANESWAR
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BRAINGATE TECHNOLOGY
Guided by-
Submitted by-
Ms.Sweta Das
Sanjaya Sekhar Kar
Subrat Kumar Barik
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BRAIN NEURON
Brain is the center of nervous system which is
present in head, protected by the
skull. Brain controls the whole body actions and
reactions. Neurons are the responsive cells in
nervous system that processes and transmits
information by electrochemical
signals. There are 100 billion neurons are
available in human body linked up with up to
10,000 synaptic connection each.
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Neurons and Nervous system
Neurons are the constituents of Nervous system
and plays the vital role in our daily
life. Neurons have very complex operation to
perform and if it stops working then one
cannot be able to work. Nervous system is linked
with Brain and is controlled by it. The commands
specified by the brain is carried to the
various organs through them. A simplified and
elaborated diagram has been given below-
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Company scientists
Cyberkinetics is a biotech company of America
which is laid down by Nicholas Halsopulas a
neuroscientist in Chicago University. Tim
Surgenor is the CEO of Cyberkinetics . The
scientists who made the Braingate possible are
John Donoghue, Mijail Serruya and General
Friehs of Brown University .
Nicholas Halsopulas
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Braingate Technology
This technology is associated with a brain
computer interface chip, computer and
brain. The chip so called is, implanted in human
brain in the motor cortex region. The
chip contains an internal signal sensor and
external processor that converts neural
signals into an output signal or we can say
thoughts are directly converted into
computer control. This technology is based on to
sense, transmit, analysis and apply the
language of neurons. It consist of a sensor that
is implanted on the motor cortex of the brain
and a device that analyses brain signals. The
signals generated by brain are interpreted
and translated into cursor movement in
computer screen to control the computer. The
chip is a size of a Aspirin tablet of 2mmx2mm in
size. It is a 96 hair thin electrode sensor that
detects brain cell electrical activity. The
chip provides a fast, reliable and unobtrusive
connection between the brain of a severely
disabled person and personal computer.
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Clinical Trials Experiments
The first clinical test was conducted on Mathew
Nagle on 22.06.2004. He was the first person
to use the brain computer interface to
restore functionality lost due to paralysis. He
was paralysized from neck down after being
stabbed. Neurosurgeon Gerhard Friehs implanted
the Braingate chip in his brain. After
implantation, he was able to control a computer
mouse cursor. Using it he was able to press
buttons that can control T.V, check e-mails
etc. The observations and results of the first
clinical trial was published in the journal
NATURE. Second clinical trial was conducted on
a 25 years old QUADRIPLEGIC Patient. After
implantation he was able to switch on lights,
adjust T.V volume, change channels and read
e-mails using only his brain. Third experiment
was conducted by the University of Pittsburgh on
a monkey who has lost a hand in accident.
He was implanted with the chip as well as the
robotic hand which could able him to feed
himself. Further more experiments are being
conducted by the scientists to get far
better results.
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Mathew Nagle using Braingate
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(No Transcript)
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Braingate Chip
96 electrode sensors
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Close view of Braingate
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Descriptive diagram
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Usefulness of Braingate technology
The Braingate technology helps the physically
impaired person specially the Amyotrophic
Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients or the
person affected from spinal injury.
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Observation conclusion
The clinical trials and other experiments has
shown good results and boosted the
scientists to do lot more in this
field. Tim Surgenor CEO, Cyberkinetic hopes to
develop Braingate in next two years to make
it a wireless device that is completely
implantable and doesnt have a plug and
making it safer and less visible. Scientists are
predicting that human being can interface the
digital world with the Braingate technology,
if they are willing for implantation. Research
is on to make the physically impaired
Braingate user use his own hand and leg in future.
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THANK YOU