Location, Location, Location

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Why am I here?

• Location, Location, Location

Details, Details, Details
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Everybody has to be somewhere! (Eccles Goon Show
circa 1950)
Computing Research Laboratory
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Language Engineering at CRL

• Information retrieval
• Language learning and language teaching
• Automatic translation
• Summarization
• Question answering
• Dictionary development
• Knowledge discovery

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Field Guide Locations

• Habitat Mainly deciduous forests and woodlands
  often seen over adjacent farmlands.
• Nesting 2 whitish eggs, heavily marked with dark
  brown, placed without nest or lining in a crevice
  in rocks, in a hollow tree, or in a fallen hollow
  log.
• Range Breeds from southern British Columbia,
  central Saskatchewan, Great Lakes, and New
  Hampshire southward. Winters in Southwest, and in
  East northward to southern New England.

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Tipster/MUC Named Entity Task
Scotland (CITY) Alabama (PROVINCE 1) United
States (COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) Arkansas
(PROVINCE 1) United States (COUNTRY)Scotland
(CITY) California (PROVINCE 1) United States
(COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) Connecticut (PROVINCE
1) United States (COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY)
Florida (PROVINCE 1) United States
(COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) Georgia (PROVINCE 1)
United States (COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) Indiana
(PROVINCE 1) United States (COUNTRY)Scotland
(CITY) Maine (PROVINCE 1) United States
(COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) Maryland (PROVINCE 1)
United States (COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY)
Massachusetts (PROVINCE 1) United States
(COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) Mississippi (PROVINCE
1) United States (COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY)
Missouri (PROVINCE 1) United States
(COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) New Hampshire (PROVINCE
1) United States (COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) Ohio
(PROVINCE 1) United States (COUNTRY)Scotland
(CITY) Pennsylvania (PROVINCE 1) United States
(COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) South Dakota (PROVINCE
1) United States (COUNTRY)Scotland (CITY) Texas
(PROVINCE 1) United States (COUNTRY)Scotland
(CITY) Virginia (PROVINCE 1) United States
(COUNTRY)Scotland (PROVINCE 1) United Kingdom
(COUNTRY)Scotland (PROVINCE 2) Missouri
(PROVINCE 1) United States (COUNTRY)
Seven Page Task Definition Multi-name expressions
containing conjoined modifiers (with elision of
the head of one conjunct) should be marked up as
separate expressions. "North and South
America" ltENAMEX TYPE"LOCATION"gtNorthlt/ENAMEXgt
and ltENAMEX TYPE"LOCATION"gtSouth
Americalt/ENAMEXgt Gazetteer from USGS and
National Geographic
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MINDS

• User configurable summarization system based on
  sentence selection
• Summarizes documents in Spanish, Japanese,
  Russian, Turkish, Korean, and English
• Summaries can be biased to favor place names, or
  other named entities

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Basic Summarization Method

• Document structure analysis
• Keyword analysis
• Part of Speech and Proper Name Recognition
• Sentence selection based on weighted scores

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Boas A Linguist in the Box
Boas is a semi-automatic knowledge elicitation
system that guides a language speaker through the
process of developing the static knowledge
sources for a moderate-quality, broad-coverage
MT system from any low-density language into
English in about six months. One of the tasks
is translating a long list of place names from
English into the source language.
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The ethnologist and linguist Franz Boas was the
founder of the American school of descriptive
linguistics. In this photo, circa 1900?, he is
shown posing for a model which was being made of
a Kwakuitl Winter Ceremonial dancer in which the
dancer emerges from within a circular hole cut in
the dancing screen.
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Onomastics The study of proper names
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Keizai - Human Assisted Query Translation for
Cross-Language Retrieval
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Document Filtering Using Names, Locations,
Keywords
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Automatic Document Translation Spanish, Arabic,
Farsi..
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ATS Differences in Arabic ?????????? ???????
?? ??????? ???????
Arabic Speaking Countries
Document Collection Morphological
Analysis Information Retrieval Sub-corpus Analysis

• Explore differences in lexical usage due to
• Transliteration
• Cultural background(west French, east
  English)
• Spelling differences

For example ?????? SIDA, ?????? AIDS ???????
OPEP, ??????? OPEC ???????Teacher
(Algeria), ???????Teacher (Oman)
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Different Spelling Forms from AFP Arabic Newswire
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Place Names Transliterated using National Name
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Meaning Oriented Question Answering - MOQA
Computing Research Laboratory (NMSU)
Institute for Language and Information
Technology (UMBC) CoGenTex, Inc.
ILIT
An AQUAINT project by

• Domain

• Travels

• Meetings

• Languages

• English

• Arabic

• Persian

• Method

• Fact Repository from Text
• Ontology based

Search Form
Results
- Text Retrieval - Text Analysis - Question
Analysis
This work was supported in full by the Advanced
Research and Development Activity (ARDA)s
Advanced Question Answering for Intelligence
(AQUAINT) Program under contract
number 2002H167200000.
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Triple Inheritance hierarchy for Nation
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FACT DATABASE The Asian-Nation Instance
Turkey
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Text Meaning Representation

• proposition _1
• head exit_1
• agent human_54 Mr. Smith
• source location_23 London
• destination location_25 Ankara
• means vehicle_65 Boeing 757
• tmr-time
• time-begin YYYYMMDD July 2, 2000
• aspect
• iteration single phase end departed
• polarity positive
• mood indicative

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Resources

• U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
• FEDERAL GEOGRAPHIC DATA COMMITTEE
• NATIONAL IMAGERY AND MAPPING AGENCY
• U.S. BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT
• U.S. FOREST SERVICE
• US CENSUS BUREAU
• GETTY THESAURUS OF GEOGRAPHIC NAMES

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Resources from (and for) the Humanities are
Multilingual!

• Computers and the Visual Arts Editorial
• ... These developments led a branch of the Comité
  Internationale Pour l'Histoire de
• L'Art (CIHA) to conceive Thesaurus Artis
  Universalis (TAU) which soon proved ...
• www.sumscorp.com/sums/articles/dahlberg.html -
  11k - Cached - Similar pages
• PDF1 Regard sur l'informatisation des
  collections de musées d'art ...
• File Format PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
• ... audacieuses qui nous promettaient, par
  exemple, un renouvellement complet et inéluctable
  de l'histoire de l'art grâce au Thesaurus Artis
  universalis ? ...
• www.kikirpa.be/www2/Site_irpa/ En/Publi/Doc/PYK/Ka
  iris.pdf - Similar pages
• Marco Lattanzi - Translate this page
• ... stata da tempo recepita dalla comunità
  internazionale degli studiosi che, nellambito
• del gruppo di lavoro TAU (Thesaurus Artis
  Universalis), ha costituito ...
  www.ibc.regione.emilia-romagna.it/soprintendenza/
  arcaut/lattanzi.html -

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Getty Record for Edmonton
ID 7013032
Record Type
administrative Edmonton (inhabited place)
Coordinates Lat 53 34 00 N degrees
minutes Long 113 25 00 W degrees minutes Note
Located on N Saskatchewan river flourished as
center for agricultural distribution processing
after arrival of Canadian Pacific Railway 1891
petroleum was discovered nearby at Leduc,
Redwater Pembina mid-20th cen. Names Edmonton
(preferred, C,V,N) Strathcona (H,V,N)
............ formerly located on river's S bank
absorbed into city 1912 Ft. Edmonton (H,V,N)
............ fur-trading post for Hudson's Bay
Company constructed 20 miles downstream from
current site 1795 abandoned 1810
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Getty Record for Edmonton (Contd.)
Hierarchical Position World (facet
(hierarchical)) North and Central America
(continent) Canada (nation) Alberta (province)
Edmonton (inhabited place) Place Types
inhabited place (preferred, C)............
expanded in 19th cen. city (C) ............
incorporated 1904 provincial capital (C)
............since 1905 industrial center
(C) transportation center (C) university center
(C)
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Address Data Content Standard

• Public Review Draft
• Subcommittee on Cultural and Demographic Data
• Federal Geographic Data Committee
  
• April 17, 2003
• Version 2
• http//www.fgdc.gov/

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