Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Law of Segregation

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Law of Segregation
• Two alleles are packaged into separate gametes.

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Law of Independent Assortment

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Law of Independent Assortment
• Each pair of alleles segregates into gametes
  independently.

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Rules of probability

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Rules of probability
• The probability of a compound event is equal to
  the product of the separate probabilities of the
  independent single events.

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• incomplete dominance

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• incomplete dominance

white red
flowers flowers
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• incomplete dominance

pink
flowers
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• codominance

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• codominance

type A type B
blood blood
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• codominance

type AB
blood
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• codominance

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• multiple alleles

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• multiple alleles

red blond brown black
hair hair hair hair
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• multiple alleles

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• pleiotropy

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• pleiotropy

sickle cell anemia
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• pleiotropy

sickle cell anemia
crippling immunity
joint pain to malaria
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• epistasis

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• epistasis

brown pigment
white mouse
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• epistasis

brown pigment
brown mouse
depositing pigment
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• polygenetic traits

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• polygenetic traits

pigment 1 pigment 2 pigment 3
skin color
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• polygenetic traits

pigment 1 pigment 2 pigment 3
skin color
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• polygenetic traits

pigment 1 pigment 2 pigment 3
skin color
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• polygenetic traits

pigment 1 pigment 2 pigment 3
skin color
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple
• polygenetic traits

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple.
• environmental factors

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple.
• environmental factors

fur turns white in cold weather
brown rabbit
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• The relationship between phenotype and genotype
  is rarely simple.
• environmental factors

fur turns white in cold weather
white rabbit
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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Pedigree analysis reveals Mendelian patterns in
  human inheritance

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Pedigree analysis reveals Mendelian patterns in
  human inheritance.
• Many human disorders follow Mendelian patterns of
  inheritance.

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Technology provides tools for genetic testing and
  counseling

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Technology provides tools for genetic testing and
  counseling
• Family histories

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Technology provides tools for genetic testing and
  counseling
• Family histories
• Amniocentesis

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Chapter 14Mendel and the Gene Idea

• Technology provides tools for genetic testing and
  counseling.
• Family histories
• Amniocentesis
• Chorionic villus
• sampling.